Behavioral neuroscience最新文献_第10页

Sex and estrous cycle in memory for sequences of events in rats. 大鼠记忆中事件序列的性周期和发情周期。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-07 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000508

M Jayachandran, P Langius, F Pazos Rego, R P Vertes, T A Allen

{"title":"Sex and estrous cycle in memory for sequences of events in rats.","authors":"M Jayachandran, P Langius, F Pazos Rego, R P Vertes, T A Allen","doi":"10.1037/bne0000508","DOIUrl":"10.1037/bne0000508","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to remember sequences of events is fundamental to episodic memory. While rodent studies have examined sex and estrous cycle in episodic-like spatial memory tasks, little is known about these biological variables in memory for sequences of events that depend on representations of temporal context. We investigated the role of sex and estrous cycle in rats during training and testing stages of a cross-species validated sequence memory task (Jayachandran et al., 2019). Rats were trained on a two four-odor sequence memory task delivered on opposite ends of a linear track. Training occurred in six successive stages starting with learning to poke in a nose-port for ≥ 1.2 s; eventually demonstrating sequence memory by holding their nose in the port ≥ 1 s for in-sequence odors and < 1 s for out-of-sequence odors. Performance was analyzed across sex and estrous cycle (proestrus, estrus, metestrus, and diestrus), the latter being determined by cellular composition of a daily vaginal lavage. We found no evidence of sex differences in asymptotic sequence memory performance, similar to humans performing an analogous task (Reeders et al., 2021). Likewise, no differences in sequence memory performance were found across the estrous cycle. Some caveats are that males acquired out-of-sequence trials faster during training with a 3-odor sequence, but this apparent advantage did not carry over to the 4-odor sequence. Additionally, males had shorter poke times overall which seem consistent with a decreased overall response inhibition because they occurred regardless of sequence demands. Together, these results suggest sex and estrous cycle are not major factors in sequence memory capacities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":8739,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral neuroscience","volume":"136 5","pages":"349-363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9448822/pdf/nihms-1825637.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9497883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A limited cerebellar contribution to suprasecond timing across differing task demands. 小脑对跨不同任务要求的超秒计时的有限贡献。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000531

Kelsey A Heslin, Jessica R Purnell, Benjamin J De Corte, Krystal L Parker

{"title":"A limited cerebellar contribution to suprasecond timing across differing task demands.","authors":"Kelsey A Heslin, Jessica R Purnell, Benjamin J De Corte, Krystal L Parker","doi":"10.1037/bne0000531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bne0000531","url":null,"abstract":"The involvement of the cerebellum in suprasecond interval timing (i.e., timing in the seconds to minutes range) is controversial. A limited amount of evidence from humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents has shown that the lateral cerebellum, including the lateral cerebellar nucleus (LCN), may be necessary for successful suprasecond timing performance. However, many existing studies have pitfalls, such as limited timing outcome measures and confounded task demands. In addition, many existing studies relied on well-trained subjects. This approach may be a drawback, as the cerebellum is hypothesized to carry out ongoing error correction to limit timing variability. By using only experienced subjects, past timing studies may have missed a critical window of cerebellar involvement. In the experiments described here, we pharmacologically inactivated the rat LCN across three different peak interval timing tasks. We structured our tasks to address past confounds, collect timing variability measures, and characterize performance during target duration acquisition. Across these various tasks, we did not find strong support for cerebellar involvement in suprasecond interval timing. Our findings support the existing distinction of the cerebellum as a subsecond interval timing brain region. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":8739,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral neuroscience","volume":"136 5","pages":"479-494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10538789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Neural population clocks: Encoding time in dynamic patterns of neural activity. 神经群体时钟：以神经活动的动态模式编码时间。

IF 1.6 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-21 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000515

Shanglin Zhou, Dean V Buonomano

{"title":"Neural population clocks: Encoding time in dynamic patterns of neural activity.","authors":"Shanglin Zhou, Dean V Buonomano","doi":"10.1037/bne0000515","DOIUrl":"10.1037/bne0000515","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to predict and prepare for near- and far-future events is among the most fundamental computations the brain performs. Because of the importance of time for prediction and sensorimotor processing, the brain has evolved multiple mechanisms to tell and encode time across scales ranging from microseconds to days and beyond. Converging experimental and computational data indicate that, on the scale of seconds, timing relies on diverse neural mechanisms distributed across different brain areas. Among the different encoding mechanisms on the scale of seconds, we distinguish between neural population clocks and ramping activity as distinct strategies to encode time. One instance of neural population clocks, neural sequences, represents in some ways an optimal and flexible dynamic regime for the encoding of time. Specifically, neural sequences comprise a high-dimensional representation that can be used by downstream areas to flexibly generate arbitrarily simple and complex output patterns using biologically plausible learning rules. We propose that high-level integration areas may use high-dimensional dynamics such as neural sequences to encode time, providing downstream areas information to build low-dimensional ramp-like activity that can drive movements and temporal expectation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":8739,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral neuroscience","volume":"136 5","pages":"374-382"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9561006/pdf/nihms-1825634.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9295264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How do real animals account for the passage of time during associative learning? 在联想学习过程中，真实的动物是如何解释时间的流逝的？

IF 1.6 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000516

Vijay Mohan K Namboodiri

引用次数: 0

Effects of a cue associated with cocaine or food reinforcers on extinction and postextinction return of behavior. 与可卡因或食物强化物相关的线索对灭绝和灭绝后行为恢复的影响。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000519

David S Jacobs, Leah N Hitchcock, Rapheal G Williams, K Matthew Lattal

{"title":"Effects of a cue associated with cocaine or food reinforcers on extinction and postextinction return of behavior.","authors":"David S Jacobs, Leah N Hitchcock, Rapheal G Williams, K Matthew Lattal","doi":"10.1037/bne0000519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bne0000519","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of instrumental responding often include the delivery of a cue that is coincident with the delivery of the reinforcer. One purpose of this is for the cue to be removed during extinction and then presented later to assess whether responding returns (cue-induced reinstatement). In two experiments, we examined the effects of having a cue associated with reinforcement present or absent during extinction. In Experiment 1, the cue was associated with fixed ratio responding for intravenous cocaine or food pellets in one context (Context A), followed by extinction in another context (Context B), where responding produced the cue in one group but did not produce the cue in the other group. Afterward, contextual renewal was assessed with and without the cue in Context A. During extinction, a cue previously associated with cocaine reinforcement caused an increase in responding initially (an extinction burst) and throughout 16 2-hr extinction sessions, as well as weakened contextual renewal when animals were tested with the cue in Context A. In contrast, there were few detectable effects of the cue on extinction and contextual renewal when food pellets were the reinforcer. In Experiment 2, effects of a cue during extinction of progressive ratio responding were revealed with food pellets when animals showed weakened responding on the initial trials of postextinction reacquisition sessions. These experiments demonstrate that the presence of a cue associated with reinforcement during extinction may prolong responding in the short term while creating a more persistent form of extinction that resists relapse. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":8739,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral neuroscience","volume":"136 4","pages":"307-317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9477211/pdf/nihms-1826587.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9916707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Hormonal contraceptives alter amphetamine place preference and responsivity in the intact female rat. 激素避孕药改变安非他明在完整雌性大鼠的位置偏好和反应性。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000520

Emily N Hilz, Marcelle E Olvera, Dohyun Jun, Megha Chadha, Ross Gillette, Marie-H Monfils, Andrea C Gore, Hongjoo J Lee

{"title":"Hormonal contraceptives alter amphetamine place preference and responsivity in the intact female rat.","authors":"Emily N Hilz, Marcelle E Olvera, Dohyun Jun, Megha Chadha, Ross Gillette, Marie-H Monfils, Andrea C Gore, Hongjoo J Lee","doi":"10.1037/bne0000520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bne0000520","url":null,"abstract":"Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) containing synthetic ovarian hormones are commonly used among reproductive aged women; HCs alter the physiological state of the user by interfering with endogenous hormone concentrations and their actions on the reproductive tract. As ovarian hormones modulate the incidence of substance abuse disorders in women, this experiment explores how modulating female rat ovarian hormonal states with an HC containing the synthetic progestin levonorgestrel influences measures of drug preference and responsivity. First, rats underwent food-light Pavlovian conditioning to measure conditioned orienting, a known predictor of amphetamine (AMP) place preference. Then, rats were conditioned and tested for AMP place preference with either an HC implant or during estrous cycle stages associated with opposing ovarian hormone levels, that is, proestrus (P) or metestrus/diestrus (M/D), while recording ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) as an index of he donic drug responsivity. Because of dopamine's (DA's) role in reward learning and memory, DA cell number and activity were examined using tyrosine hydroxylase and FOS immunohistochemistry after a final AMP challenge. Conditioned orienting did not differ between cycling and HC-implanted rats. HC rats emitted fewer USVs in response to AMP, showed marginally less AMP place preference, and had lower DA cell activity in the substantia nigra after AMP compared to P rats. M/D rats showed a similar behavioral profile and neural response as HC rats. This experiment suggests ovarian hormones affect drug preference and responsivity, while providing novel insight into how hormone-altering contraceptives may reduce these measures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":8739,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral neuroscience","volume":"136 4","pages":"318-329"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9091683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Surprise-induced enhancements in the associability of Pavlovian cues facilitate learning across behavior systems. 惊喜引起的巴甫洛夫线索联想性的增强促进了跨行为系统的学习。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000505

Inmaculada Márquez, Gabriel Loewinger, Juan Pedro Vargas, Juan Carlos López, Estrella Díaz, Guillem R Esber

{"title":"Surprise-induced enhancements in the associability of Pavlovian cues facilitate learning across behavior systems.","authors":"Inmaculada Márquez, Gabriel Loewinger, Juan Pedro Vargas, Juan Carlos López, Estrella Díaz, Guillem R Esber","doi":"10.1037/bne0000505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bne0000505","url":null,"abstract":"Surprising violations of outcome expectancies have long been known to enhance the associability of Pavlovian cues; that is, the rate at which the cue enters into further associations. The adaptive value of such enhancements resides in promoting new learning in the face of uncertainty. However, it is unclear whether associability enhancements reflect increased associative plasticity within a particular behavior system, or whether they can facilitate learning between a cue and any arbitrary outcome, as suggested by attentional models of conditioning. Here, we show evidence consistent with the latter hypothesis. Violating the outcome expectancies generated by a cue in an appetitive setting (feeding behavior system) facilitated subsequent learning about the cue in an aversive setting (defense behavior system). In addition to shedding light on the nature of associability enhancements, our findings offer the neuroscientist a behavioral tool to dissociate their neural substrates from those of other, behavior system- or valence-specific changes. Moreover, our results present an opportunity to utilize associability enhancements to the advantage of counterconditioning procedures in therapeutic contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":8739,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral neuroscience","volume":"136 4","pages":"285-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396881/pdf/nihms-1825158.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9915692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time to contrast models of timing: The structure of temporal memory. 时间与时间模型的对比:时间记忆的结构。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000521

A. Machado, Marilia Pinheiro de Carvalho, Marco Vasconcelos

引用次数: 1

Delayed but not immediate effects of estrogen curtail gamma-aminobutyric acid-mediated feeding responses elicited from the nucleus accumbens shell. 雌激素延迟但不是立即的影响减少-氨基丁酸介导的喂养反应引起的伏隔核壳。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000511

Julio C Diaz, Kate Dunaway, Elizabeth Sheil, Ken Sadeghian, Anthony Auger, Brian A Baldo

{"title":"Delayed but not immediate effects of estrogen curtail gamma-aminobutyric acid-mediated feeding responses elicited from the nucleus accumbens shell.","authors":"Julio C Diaz, Kate Dunaway, Elizabeth Sheil, Ken Sadeghian, Anthony Auger, Brian A Baldo","doi":"10.1037/bne0000511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bne0000511","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated immediate versus delayed effects of estrogen replacement in ovariectomized (OVX) rats on hyperphagia elicited by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-A-agonist (muscimol) infusions into the nucleus accumbens shell (AcbSh). First, because intra-AcbSh muscimol-induced feeding has never been explored in OVX rats, a dose-effect curve was generated and compared to sham-operated males, the current point of reference in the literature. Muscimol (5, 10, 25, and 50 ng) increased food intake in both sexes, and both sexes reached the same asymptotic level of intake. Nevertheless, slopes of the linearized dose-effect functions for males and OVX females differed significantly, with females starting at a lower baseline and exhibiting a steeper slope. Next, the behavioral profiles of a behaviorally active, but nonmaximal intra-AcbSh muscimol dose (25 ng), were examined in a separate group of OVX females at two time-points: immediately after injecting 17β-estradiol 3-benzoate (EB) subcutaneously (5 μg), and 24 hr post-EB. Delayed, but not immediate, EB pretreatment suppressed, but did not eliminate, muscimol-driven food intake. However, EB did not change nonfood-directed behaviors such as locomotion or rearing. These results demonstrate that feeding mediated by intra-AcbSh GABA-A receptors is delimited by delayed, but not rapid, effects of estradiol. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":8739,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral neuroscience","volume":"136 3","pages":"219-229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9450853/pdf/nihms-1825171.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9554446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Chronic cocaine causes age-dependent increases in risky choice in both males and females. 慢性可卡因导致男性和女性的风险选择随年龄增长而增加。

IF 1.9 4区医学

Behavioral neuroscience Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1037/bne0000509

Shelby L Blaes, Kristy G Shimp, Sara M Betzhold, Barry Setlow, Caitlin A Orsini

{"title":"Chronic cocaine causes age-dependent increases in risky choice in both males and females.","authors":"Shelby L Blaes, Kristy G Shimp, Sara M Betzhold, Barry Setlow, Caitlin A Orsini","doi":"10.1037/bne0000509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/bne0000509","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals who use cocaine exhibit maladaptive decision-making, overweighting rewards, and underweighting potential risks. We previously showed that chronic cocaine self-administration in young adult male rats causes long-lasting increases in risk taking. The present study expanded upon these findings to determine whether effects of cocaine on risk taking depend on the route of cocaine administration and extend to females. To address the former question, rats in Experiment 1 were trained on the Risky Decision-making Task (RDT), received passively administered cocaine, and were retested in the RDT. Surprisingly, passive cocaine had no effect on risk taking. Experiment 2 determined whether cocaine self-administration increases risk taking in females in a manner comparable to males. Males and females were trained in the RDT, underwent cocaine self-administration, and were retested in the RDT. Unexpectedly, cocaine self-administration had no effect on risk taking in either sex. Because Experiments 1 and 2 involved cocaine exposure at a considerably older age than in previous work, Experiments 3 and 4 determined if cocaine effects on risk taking depend on the age of exposure. Rats began cocaine self-administration at postnatal (PN) day 77 (Experiment 3) or passive cocaine injections starting on PN day 63 (Experiment 4) and were tested in the RDT 3 weeks after cocaine cessation. In these experiments, cocaine increased risk taking in both sexes. These results reveal a limited time window during young adulthood of vulnerability to the effects of chronic cocaine on risk taking. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":8739,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral neuroscience","volume":"136 3","pages":"243-263"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9346435/pdf/nihms-1825631.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9553995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5