Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology最新文献_第8页

Development of a portable instrument for the continuous analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and its application to environmental monitoring. 便携式挥发性有机物连续分析仪器的研制及其在环境监测中的应用。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Etsu Yamada, Kazumasa Matsushita, Mitsuaki Nakamura, Yasuro Fuse, Sadao Miki, Kiyoomi Fujimoto, Hiroyoshi Morita, Osamu Shimada

{"title":"Development of a portable instrument for the continuous analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and its application to environmental monitoring.","authors":"Etsu Yamada, Kazumasa Matsushita, Mitsuaki Nakamura, Yasuro Fuse, Sadao Miki, Kiyoomi Fujimoto, Hiroyoshi Morita, Osamu Shimada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"A small, time efficient and sensitive instrument for the continuous analysis of very volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with a boiling point lower than 100 degrees C in addition to the analysis of VOCs with a boiling point in the range of 100-150 degrees C was developed and applied to the measurement of VOCs in the course of university research and environmental monitoring. VOCs, such as n-hexane, acetone, ethyl acetate, alcohols, benzene, toluene and xylene, were continuously measured once every 30 min. The detection limits of hexane, ethyl acetate, benzene and toluene at a preconcentration time of 10 min were 0.41 microg/m(3) (0.12 ppb), 0.67 microg/m(3) (0.19 ppb), 0.22 microg/m(3) (0.07 ppb) and 0.22 microg/m(3) (0.06 ppb), respectively. The relative standard deviations of VOCs were less than 5%. The sensitivities of the present method VOCs were higher than those of the conventional method. The temporal changes in VOC concentrations in several laboratories and at a plant for the disposal of organic liquid wastes were measured, and the behavior of VOCs was analyzed. All the VOC concentrations, except that of ethyl acetate, determined using the portable instrument were slightly lower than those determined using a passive sampler. The portable instrument developed in the course of this study can be used for the risk assessment and management of chemicals.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"13 5","pages":"277-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26356387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Current situation of web-based chemical registration system in the University of Tokyo. 东京大学基于网络的化学品注册系统现状。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Kengo Tomita, Kenichi Tonokura, Kazuo Yamamoto, Tomoko Nakanishi

引用次数: 0

Estimation of daily bisphenol a intake of Japanese individuals with emphasis on uncertainty and variability. 日本人每日双酚a摄入量的估计，强调不确定性和可变性。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2006-01-01

Ken-ichi Miyamoto, Mari Kotake

{"title":"Estimation of daily bisphenol a intake of Japanese individuals with emphasis on uncertainty and variability.","authors":"Ken-ichi Miyamoto, Mari Kotake","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the exposure of Japanese individuals to bisphenol A (BPA) with emphasis on uncertainty and variability in available information. The uncertainty and variability in parameters were numerically analyzed using Monte Carlo simulation. The uncertainty in the functional relationship between sources and exposure was treated by comparing two approaches: one was to aggregate ingestion and inhalation through all possible exposure pathways and the other was to estimate the intake from urinary excretion by backward calculation. For individuals aged 6 months or above, food was the most significant source of intake. The alteration of the method used in inactivating the inside surface of drink cans slightly contributed to the decrease in daily intake. By the backward calculation approach based on urinary excretion, 95% confidence intervals for the daily intake for high-exposure populations were estimated to be 0.037-0.064 microg/kg/day for males and 0.043-0.075 microg/kg/day for females. Even conservatively estimated daily intakes were lower than the EU's temporary tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 10 microg/kg/day as well as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA)'s reference dose (RfD) of 50 microg/kg/day. Thus, it is unlikely that humans, including infants and young children, are at unacceptable risk from possible BPA exposure.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"13 1","pages":"15-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26011382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental arsenic exposure of schoolchildren in a former tin mining and smelting community of southern Thailand. 泰国南部一个前锡矿和冶炼社区学童的环境砷暴露。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2005-01-01

Banjong Vitayavirasak, Kittiya Rakwong, Warangkana Chatchawej

{"title":"Environmental arsenic exposure of schoolchildren in a former tin mining and smelting community of southern Thailand.","authors":"Banjong Vitayavirasak, Kittiya Rakwong, Warangkana Chatchawej","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Risk behavior and environmental sources of exposure to arsenic for 10-year-old schoolchildren were studied in a high exposure area and a low exposure area of Ron Phibun Subdistrict, Ron Phibun District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province and compared to those in a control area. Arsenic concentrations of surface soil, ambient air and drinking water to which subjects in the high exposure group, the low exposure group and the control group were exposed, were significantly different (p < 0.05). Similarly, urinary concentrations of total arsenic and the sum of inorganic arsenic and its metabolites were significantly higher in the study groups than the control group. The arsenic content of locally grown agricultural produce was small with the exception of freshwater snails (Sinotaia ingallsiana). Drinking water and surface soil were found to be the main sources of exposure. The exposure was mediated by the subjects' risk behavior, such as playing with soil and no hand-washing before eating. The estimated cancer risk from arsenic for the schoolchildren in the study area was between 10(-5)-10(-6) which meant that their risk of developing cancer was probable. Measures to reduce the cancer risk are recommended.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"12 4","pages":"195-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25604394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioremediation of crude oil-polluted soil--effect of poultry droppings and natural rubber processing sludge application on biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. 原油污染土壤的生物修复——家禽粪便和天然橡胶加工污泥对石油烃生物降解的影响

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2005-01-01

C O Okieimen, F E Okieimen

引用次数: 0

Estrogen-responsive element (ERE)-like motifs affect the 3-methylcholanthrene induction of eel CYP1A gene. 雌激素反应元件(ERE)样基序影响鳗鱼CYP1A基因的3-甲基胆蒽诱导。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2005-01-01

Takao Itakura, Yukiko Ogino, Shyamal C Mahata, Mohamed A H El-Kady, Jun-Ya Aoki, Hironori Kato, Yoshio Kaminishi

{"title":"Estrogen-responsive element (ERE)-like motifs affect the 3-methylcholanthrene induction of eel CYP1A gene.","authors":"Takao Itakura, Yukiko Ogino, Shyamal C Mahata, Mohamed A H El-Kady, Jun-Ya Aoki, Hironori Kato, Yoshio Kaminishi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Some forms of cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes are known to be induced by xenobiotics such as dioxins. Induction of the CYP1A gene is mediated by an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) which binds to a specific nucleotide sequence called a dioxin-responsive element (DRE) located in the 5' enhancer region of the gene. Functional analysis of the regulatory region of the eel CYP1A gene had shown that a 654-bp region near the basal promoter, containing no DREs but three motifs that resemble estrogen-responsive element (ERE) halfsites, contributes substantially to the induced expression. Considering the importance of non-DRE elements in CYP1A gene induction, we investigated the role of ERE-like motifs using a point mutation technique. The regulatory region of the eel CYP1A gene was identified by creating mutations in all three ERE half-sites simultaneously or individually. The regulatory region constructs were cloned upstream of the luciferase gene in an expression vector which was microinjected into medaka ova. Expression of luciferase as a foreign gene in medaka fry exposed to 3-methylcholanthrene (3-MC)-treated feed was measured by competitive PCR analysis. Mutation in all the three ERE half-sites reduced expression to 10%. Mutation in ERE(-2) or ERE(-3) reduced the expression to 50%, whereas mutation in ERE(-1) did not affect the induction. The two functional half-sites of the eel CYP1A gene are palindromic to each other and appear to constitute the full-ERE.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"12 2","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40929638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of organophosphorous pesticides used in china on various mammalian cells. 中国有机磷农药对多种哺乳动物细胞的影响。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2005-01-01

Hiroko Isoda, Terence P N Talorete, Junkyu Han, Shuichi Oka, Yukuo Abe, Yuhei Inamori

{"title":"Effects of organophosphorous pesticides used in china on various mammalian cells.","authors":"Hiroko Isoda, Terence P N Talorete, Junkyu Han, Shuichi Oka, Yukuo Abe, Yuhei Inamori","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphorous pesticides are currently widely used in China to help boost agricultural production. However, these pesticides pose various threats to organisms, including humans, and are thus a cause of concern. Five organophosphorous pesticides, monocrotophos, omethoate, parathion-methyl, phoxim and dichlorvos, were examined for their effects on mammalian cell lines to determine their potential impact on physiological functions in vivo. Results show an increased proliferation of MCF-7 cells treated with 0.2 microM monocrotophos or 0.4 microM omethoate, suggesting that these compounds can induce breast cancer cell proliferation at relatively low concentrations. Murine primary spleen cells markedly decreased in number starting at a pesticide concentration of 0.01 microM; no cytotoxicity was observed below 0.001 microM. BALB/c3T3 murine fibroblasts treated with 0.25 microM monocrotophos showed enhanced DNA synthesis, while those treated with the other pesticides showed results similar to that of the control. The different pesticides reduced the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity of the rat neuronal cell line PC12 in a dose-dependent manner up to 100 microM. Parathion-methyl and phoxim showed acute toxicity at 0.01 microM. Finally, phoxim and parathion-methyl significantly reduced the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of human intestinal Caco-2 cells, indicating that these pesticides can disrupt the tight-junction permeability of cell monolayers. These in vitro assays, which are rapid, reproducible, simple and inexpensive, clearly show the effects of organophosphorous pesticides on mammalian cells and suggest the potential impact of these pesticides on organisms in vivo.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"12 1","pages":"9-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25196634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-term follow-up study of health status in population living in methylmercury-polluted area. 甲基汞污染地区人群健康状况的长期随访研究。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2005-01-01

Makoto Futatsuka, Takao Kitano, Masahiro Shono, Megumi Nagano, Junji Wakamiya, Kenichiro Miyamoto, Kayo Ushijima, Tsukasa Inaoka, Yoshiharu Fukuda, Masanori Nakagawa, Kimiyoshi Arimura, Mitsuhiro Osame

{"title":"Long-term follow-up study of health status in population living in methylmercury-polluted area.","authors":"Makoto Futatsuka, Takao Kitano, Masahiro Shono, Megumi Nagano, Junji Wakamiya, Kenichiro Miyamoto, Kayo Ushijima, Tsukasa Inaoka, Yoshiharu Fukuda, Masanori Nakagawa, Kimiyoshi Arimura, Mitsuhiro Osame","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"At present, it is important to follow-up on the health condition of inhabitants living in a methylmercury-polluted area surrounding Minamata City, paying attention to subclinical disorders not only of the central nervous system, which have been concentrically studied for more than 40 years, but also to other health issues as well. We have performed annual follow-up multiple health examinations on about 1,500 persons of ages more than 40 years old in Tsunagi Town near Minamata City each summer from 1984 to 2004. Case-control studies were designed to estimate the role of risk factors for various health issues using geographical differences to compare the verified patients. The results of the study are summarized as follows: (1) There were no significant differences in the prevalence of diseases associated with Minamata disease (MD) (e.g., liver diseases, renal diseases). (2) Subjective complaints, which were related not only to neurological but also to general complaints were consistently much more common in the polluted area than in the control area. (3) Five percent of the inhabitants who were not certified as MD patients had a high predicting index of MD. They could be affected by methylmercury poisoning. It is important to make a differential diagnosis. (4) No significant differences with respect to ADL by residential area were observed. However, MD patients who stayed in their homes showed some impairments of instrumental ADL. (5) It is important to take into consideration mental distress not only from the physical effects but also from the secondary social damage experienced through MD in these area.","PeriodicalId":87178,"journal":{"name":"Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology","volume":"12 5","pages":"239-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25705460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response of antioxidative enzymes of Abies firma seedlings under chronic acid fog exposure and/or drought treatment. 冷杉幼苗抗氧化酶对慢性酸雾和/或干旱处理的响应

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2005-01-01

Koji Yoshida, Chika Takami, Chisato Takenaka, Takafumi Tezuka

引用次数: 0

Estrogenicity of phytosterols evaluated in vitro and in vivo. 体外和体内评估植物甾醇的雌激素毒性。

Environmental sciences : an international journal of environmental physiology and toxicology Pub Date : 2005-01-01

Tarja Nakari

引用次数: 0