Basin ResearchPub Date : 2026-05-16DOI: 10.1111/bre.70111
Rebecca A. VanderLeest, Julie C. Fosdick, Theresa M. Schwartz, Ethan G. Hyland, Maria Mastalerz
{"title":"Multi‐Proxy Thermal History of Basin Heating During Cordilleran Orogenesis in the Magallanes‐Austral Retroarc Foreland Basin, Patagonian Andes","authors":"Rebecca A. VanderLeest, Julie C. Fosdick, Theresa M. Schwartz, Ethan G. Hyland, Maria Mastalerz","doi":"10.1111/bre.70111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.70111","url":null,"abstract":"Resolving thermal histories in sedimentary basins is crucial for interpreting orogenic growth, basin burial, and tectonic processes during Cordilleran orogenesis. In the Magallanes–Austral Basin, Patagonian Andes, we integrate new (U‐Th)/He thermochronology, vitrinite reflectance (%R <jats:sub>o</jats:sub> ), calcite‐cement clumped isotope data and thermal history modelling to resolve the origin of the regionally extensive Paleogene unconformity (51°S–50°S). Thermal history modelling results require post‐depositional heating of Palaeocene (Danian–Selandian) strata below the unconformity and suggest maximum burial temperatures of 87°C–101°C (55–52 Ma) and 89°C–92°C (18–16 Ma). For lower Eocene strata above the unconformity, Miocene burial temperatures (89°C–92°C) are consistent with calcite cement formation temperatures (~62°C–92°C) from carbonate clumped isotopes. Our results indicate that basin burial and heating between ca. 60 and 52 Ma were likely driven by shallowing of the subducting Farallon plate and enhanced plate coupling preceding arrival of the Farallon–Phoenix mid‐ocean ridge. Subsequent basin inversion and cooling from ca. 52 to 44 Ma correspond with subduction of this mid‐ocean ridge. Refined thermal models, constrained by expanded thermochronometric and organic maturation datasets, indicate that up to ~1.7–2.0 km of proximal foreland basin strata were removed during uplift and erosion across the Paleogene basin margin. A return to basin subsidence beginning ca. 44 Ma may reflect dynamic subsidence after passage of the mid‐ocean ridge and renewed coupling between the fold‐thrust belt and foreland basin system. Neogene thermal histories document continued subsidence, localized hot orogenic fluid flow along stratigraphic boundaries, followed by a final phase of basin inversion and cooling at ca. 18–16 Ma, which we attribute to regional uplift associated with Chile ridge subduction. Altogether, this study demonstrates that multiple thermal indices when analysed and modelled can provide clarity for tectonic and stratigraphic events that affect foreland basins.","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148291552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Basin ResearchPub Date : 2026-05-16DOI: 10.1111/bre.70107
Gustavo Zvirtes, Andrew Morton, Andrew Hurst, Ruy Paulo Philipp, Wiktor Luzinski, Giuseppe Palladino, Luciano Alessandretti
{"title":"Provenance and Petrological Evolution of Sand Injection Complexes: Insights From Heavy Mineral Analysis in the Paleogene Forearc Succession of the San Joaquin Basin","authors":"Gustavo Zvirtes, Andrew Morton, Andrew Hurst, Ruy Paulo Philipp, Wiktor Luzinski, Giuseppe Palladino, Luciano Alessandretti","doi":"10.1111/bre.70107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.70107","url":null,"abstract":"The lithostratigraphy of sand injection complexes (SICs) is governed by the architectural and petrological relationships between depositional parent units and intrusive networks. During the formation and evolution of SICs, diverse geological processes can modify mineral assemblages and textures, offering opportunities to evaluate genetic mechanisms and support petrological correlations. This study integrates field mapping with heavy mineral analysis of the Paleogene succession in the San Joaquin Basin, specifically targeting the upper Eocene Tumey Giant Injection Complex (TGIC) to investigate provenance of depositional and intrusive sandstones and processes associated with injection emplacement. Statistical analysis of heavy mineral assemblages and provenance‐sensitive indices ( <jats:italic>MZi</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>GZi</jats:italic> , <jats:italic>CZi</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>RZi</jats:italic> ) confirms the genetic link between the slope channel‐fills of the Kreyenhagen Formation and sandstone intrusions. These assemblages indicate derivation from granitic and metasedimentary sources derived from the Sierra Nevada Province to the east. In contrast, the underlying shallow‐marine Domengine Formation reveals mixed sourcing, with significant blueschist‐facies minerals (lawsonite and glaucophane) likely supplied by the Franciscan Complex accretionary prism to the west. While low ZTR values in the parent channel‐fills and most intrusions indicate mineralogical immaturity, specific intrusive facies exhibit high ZTR and low ATi, suggesting mechanical degradation of less durable grains during sand injection. Qualitative grain morphology analysis reinforces this, showing a higher degree of grain damage within intrusions in comparison to parent unit. Furthermore, density‐controlled ZTi index reveals hydraulic segregation, evidenced by the progressive settling of denser zircon grains through a km‐scale wing‐like intrusion. The petrological signature of the TGIC is thus a function of parent unit composition, intra‐granular mechanical interaction, and hydraulic sorting under dynamic fluid‐flow conditions. Despite the inherent 3D architectural complexity of the intrusive networks, this study provides robust methodological tools for investigating the evolution of injectites in diverse geodynamic settings.","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148291555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Basin ResearchPub Date : 2026-05-16DOI: 10.1111/bre.70104
Yuxin Hao, Rebecca Bell, Abdulqadir Cader, Yanghua Wang
{"title":"Prediction of Fault and Fracture Density From Seismic Attributes and Machine Learning Models Calibrated With Borehole Image Logs","authors":"Yuxin Hao, Rebecca Bell, Abdulqadir Cader, Yanghua Wang","doi":"10.1111/bre.70104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.70104","url":null,"abstract":"Faults and fractures play a key role in the productivity of shale gas reservoirs by affecting porosity, permeability, and gas flow paths. However, direct characterization of these small‐scale features using traditional seismic methods faces significant challenges due to resolution limitations. Using a post‐stack 3D seismic data set from the Jiaoshiba area in the southeastern Sichuan Basin, multiple post‐stack seismic attributes and a set of convolutional neural network (CNN)‐based methods from Geoteric are applied to the shale gas reservoir of Wufeng‐Longmaxi Formation for deformation characterization. Wellbore fault and fracture counts were derived from Formation Micro Image (FMI) log interpretations and core sample observations, providing a reliable data set for cross‐validation. This analysis involves cross‐plotting seismic characterization results with borehole deformation counts to measure how these predictions correlate with wellbore data. Results indicate a near‐linear correlation between borehole deformation count and seismic characterization methods, with the Combined AI network and Birch model, as well as dip illumination attribute, showing the strongest correlation. These findings suggest that seismic methods can be effective as a proxy for predicting sub‐seismic scale deformation. Furthermore, pressure coefficients, porosity and gas contents have been cross‐plotted with wellbore deformation counts, indicating these important factors for shale gas exploration are correlated with deformations and seismic deformation characterization methods. A prediction of porosity, pressure coefficients, and gas contents was conducted with their correlation with these seismic characterization methods. This research highlights the potential of integrated seismic and machine learning approaches in enhancing the predictability and understanding of geological deformations at scales not directly observable by direct seismic techniques and proposes an alternative method for predicting key parameters for shale gas exploration.","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148291553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Basin ResearchPub Date : 2026-04-25DOI: 10.1111/bre.70102
Matthew Scipione, Romain Vaucher, Eric Roberts, Alex J. McCoy‐West, Joan Esterle, Ashten Turner, Espen Knutsen
{"title":"Shifting the Paradigm: Redefining the Chronostratigraphy of the Triassic Rewan Group, Bowen Basin, Australia","authors":"Matthew Scipione, Romain Vaucher, Eric Roberts, Alex J. McCoy‐West, Joan Esterle, Ashten Turner, Espen Knutsen","doi":"10.1111/bre.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/bre.70102","url":null,"abstract":"The Triassic Rewan Group in the northern Bowen Basin, Queensland, Australia preserves a key record of terrestrial environments and faunas that have been assumed to document recovery following the end‐Permian mass extinction (EPME). The Rewan Group, consisting of the Sagittarius Sandstone and the Arcadia Formation, accumulated in a retroarc foreland basin during the Hunter–Bowen Orogeny, but its chronostratigraphy has remained poorly constrained because previous age models relied mainly on limited, geographically restricted biostratigraphy (esp. palynostratigraphy). Here, we couple detailed lithostratigraphic analysis with high‐density U–Pb detrital‐zircon (DZ) geochronology by LA‐ICP‐MS (ca. 300 analyses per sandstone), calibrated against latest Permian (ca. 252–251 Ma) tuff and tuffaceous reference horizons, and a detrital apatite U–Pb dataset, to establish a robust chronostratigraphic framework for the Sagittarius Sandstone and Arcadia Formation. We compare several maximum depositional age (MDA) metrics and show that maximum‐likelihood ages (MLA) at 10% discordance provide a stratigraphically coherent MDA estimate, with younger single‐grain and cluster‐based estimators used as internal checks and minimum bounds. Preferential zircon picking further shows that targeted grain selection enriches the youngest Triassic populations, strengthening the robustness of the resulting MDA constraints. The resulting MDAs demonstrate that the Rewan Group spans ca. 250–233 Ma (Olenekian to Carnian) and that the lower Rewan Group contact is strongly time‐transgressive. In the Taroom Trough (foredeep), fluvial successions show an overall up‐section younging from the latest Permian reference ages through Olenekian–Anisian Sagittarius Sandstone into the late Ladinian–earliest Carnian Arcadia Formation (based on sandstone MDAs). In contrast, in the Denison Trough (back‐bulge), the latest Permian coal measures are directly overlain by Middle–early Late Triassic Rewan Group deposits, implying a hiatus or condensed interval of at least ca. 12–15 Myr based on MDAs. We show that known Arcadia Formation vertebrate fossil‐bearing horizons are late Ladinian (239 Ma) to early Carnian (236 Ma) rather than earliest Triassic, with the younger date also corroborated by a detrital apatite lower‐intercept age of ca. 239 Ma. These revised ages show that the Arcadia Formation vertebrate assemblages do not come from the immediate post‐EPME interval but from the late Ladinian to early Carnian, across the onset of the Carnian Pluvial Episode.","PeriodicalId":8712,"journal":{"name":"Basin Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147739621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}