Basic and Applied Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Nature conservation perspectives by conservationist Wolfgang Haber","authors":"Jan Christian Habel","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2026.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2026.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nature conservation has a polarizing effect on our society and politics. Nature is considered the basis of life for people. At the same time, the conservation of nature is often perceived as a disruptive obstacle to economic growth. Wolfgang Haber is a pioneer and contemporary witness of nature conservation across Europe, and globally. He has accompanied the development and changes in nature conservation throughout his life. In 2025, Wolfgang Haber celebrated his 100th birthday. To mark the occasion, an interview on nature conservation was conducted based on a structured interview guide. In this interview, three key-topics were highlighted: 1. Facts versus emotions in nature conservation; 2. Perceiving environmental changes and the responsibility for conserving nature; and, 3. Current challenges and future visions in nature conservation. In the following, these topics are elaborated based on personal statements from Wolfgang Haber. Prime focus of this article are the German speaking countries of Central Europe. Two key aspects emerged from this interview: 1. Great efforts and success has taken place in the institutionalization of nature conservation and embedding it in legislation; 2. Significant changes in land use, particularly increase in land-use intensification and subsequent biodiversity loss occured despite great developments in nature conservation legislation. These changes and developments pose challenges and tasks for nature conservation in the future. According to Haber, nature conservation should focus stronger on environmental dynamics and should be implemented at the landscape level in the near future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Pages 120-123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147398325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cichorioideae abundance and local land use drive Osmia leaiana pollen use in semi-natural grasslands","authors":"Evan Taylor Sloan ,&nbsp;Jelle Devalez ,&nbsp;Alexander Keller ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Prangel ,&nbsp;Aveliina Helm ,&nbsp;Annika L. Hass ,&nbsp;Catrin Westphal ,&nbsp;Triin Reitalu ,&nbsp;Hans Jacquemyn","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land-use change is a major driver of bee decline, with solitary and specialist bees being particularly vulnerable due to their nesting and foraging behavior. Understanding how local land use and management practices influence solitary bee resource use is therefore critical for informing conservation in fragmented ecosystems. In this study, we investigated brood cell number and pollen resource use of <em>Osmia leaiana</em>, a solitary bee specializing on Asteraceae, across a network of Estonian calcareous alvar grasslands. We hypothesized that due to the short foraging range of <em>O. leaiana</em> and its dependence on Asteraceae, local management variables such as grazing intensity, shrub cover, and tree cover, affect the taxonomic composition of nest-tube pollen provisions through their effects on local Asteraceae community composition. In addition, we predicted that higher Asteraceae abundance corresponds to greater brood cell production by increasing the availability of preferred resources. Nest blocks were deployed to sites that differed in the composition of the surrounding landscape, management, and plant community composition. Pollen metabarcoding of nest contents was used to assess floral resource use. While Asteraceae abundance did not affect brood cell number, higher proportions of cropland and forest had significant negative effects. Of all assessed variables, proportion of semi-natural grassland within 500 m, tree cover, and the abundance of the subfamily Cichorioideae within grassland patches significantly influenced the composition of pollen provisions. These results indicate that <em>O. leaiana</em> prefers a narrow subset of Asteraceae and primarily forages on plants locally available within semi-natural grasslands, while brood cell production decreased with increasing amounts of alternative land-use types in the surrounding landscape.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insect pollinators profit from moderate diversification of intensively used grasslands","authors":"Regine Albers,&nbsp;Dirk Carl Albach","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many grasslands of Central Europe reached a high productivity due to intensification, but to the cost of plant diversity. This loss is further reflected in the decrease of insect pollinators like wild bees and hoverflies that depend on a diverse supply of plants as nectar and pollen resources. Schemes for in-field measurements to the benefit of biodiversity are rarely considered in such intensively managed grasslands, so we developed five seed mixes of increasing diversity to investigate their value to insect pollinators and monitored them over a three-year period under regular agricultural management with four to five cuts per year. The abundance of wild bees increased with the overall floral resource availability, while hoverflies showed an increased abundance with the presence of ribwort plantain. The amount of bumblebees doubled from the first to the following study years, indicating a benefit of the mass-flowering clover to colony establishment for the following year. The benefit was mainly to generalists with good flight abilities. While there were no significant differences in pollinator species richness between the seed mixes, it was higher than on nearby permanent grasslands of the same management intensity, suggesting that floral resource availability is more important than the age of grassland sites. Overall, even a moderate increase in plant diversity in grasslands offers a great opportunity to support pollinator abundance due to the big share of land this habitat type covers in many regions. Moderate diversification can complement high-value habitats and diverse landscape elements in safeguarding farmland biodiversity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Pages 108-119"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147398326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of duration and intensity of artificial light at night on life history, mating, food consumption, and chemical surface profiles of a leaf beetle species","authors":"Sandra Regina Lang ,&nbsp;Oskar Scherer ,&nbsp;Rabea Schweiger ,&nbsp;Caroline Müller","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a global change factor of rapidly growing importance. It has been linked to various changes in species physiology, behaviour, communication, and life history. While most studies compared absence <em>vs.</em> presence of ALAN, there is a demand for studies testing several light scenarios (ALAN durations, intensities) in parallel to decipher potential dose-response relationships. In this study, we assessed the impact of different durations (part-night, continuous) and intensities (low = 5 lx, high = 50 lx) of ALAN on life history, mating, and food consumption, as well as on adult chemical surface profiles of the leaf beetle <em>Phaedon cochleariae</em>. Insects were individually housed in separate compartments, being illuminated with digital LEDs. Only individuals exposed to continuous ALAN of high intensity showed a prolonged development until adulthood, indicating a response threshold. More time spent in the sensitive larval stage may enhance the mortality risk. We found no effect of ALAN on other life history, mating, and consumption traits, including survival, body mass, mating latency, egg number, hatching rate, and food consumption indices. However, ALAN modulated the chemical surface profiles of adult females and males, analysed by gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionisation detector. Altered chemical profiles may impair the intraspecific communication. Our results suggest that part-night lighting and dimming strategies, ideally combined with provisioning dark refuges, may reduce harmful ALAN effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Pages 26-35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of landscape variables and weather conditions on the seasonal arrival and population abundance of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae in sugar beet","authors":"Nicolas Rojas-Preciado ,&nbsp;André Wauters ,&nbsp;Bart Lievens ,&nbsp;Hans Jacquemyn","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the ecological drivers of plant diseases and insect pests is essential for developing sustainable management strategies as chemical control options become increasingly limited. In European sugar beet production, the 2018 ban on neonicotinoids has led to a resurgence of viral yellowing, mainly vectored by the green peach aphid (<em>Myzus persicae</em>). Yield losses of up to 50% underscore the urgent need to understand the environmental factors shaping <em>M. persicae</em> dynamics to improve aphid vector forecasting and virus management. We collected aphid count data over three consecutive growing seasons from more than 100 fields across Belgium (Europe). A comprehensive modeling approach was used to identify key landscape, weather, and local factors influencing the arrival and abundance of alate and apterous <em>M. persicae</em>. To evaluate scale effects, analyses were performed at three spatial scales (300 m, 500 m, 1 km). Landscape factors did not show detectable effects on the arrival timing of alate or apterous <em>M. persicae</em>. In contrast, warmer winters and earlier sowing dates were associated with earlier aphid arrival and higher aphid abundance. The area of semi-natural herbaceous habitat had a positive effect on the abundance of both alate and apterous <em>M. persicae</em>. While this effect was mainly observed for the alate morphotype at the 500 m scale, it had a similar effect across all spatial scales for the apterous morph. The edge density of semi-natural woody habitat and urbanization area favored the abundance of alate and apterous <em>M. persicae</em> in a scale-dependent manner, respectively. Although the effect was limited, increasing arable land area reduced alate <em>M. persicae</em> abundance while increasing apterous abundance<em>.</em> These insights can help predict aphid arrival and abundance in sugar beet and support decisions on field selection, sowing time, and better management strategies to reduce aphid outbreaks and virus transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145682962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution and climate dependency of the hooded vulture (Necrosyrtes monachus) in east Africa: Implications for conservation beyond protected areas","authors":"Laban Kayitete ,&nbsp;Elie Sinayitutse ,&nbsp;Matthew Dennis","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Hooded Vulture (<em>Necrosyrtes monachus</em>) plays a vital role in environmental cleaning and disease control. However, its population is rapidly declining across its range, especially in East Africa. Despite conservation efforts invested in its protection, its spatial distribution in East Africa remains understudied. Utilising ensemble Species Distribution Models, this study leverages the response of <em>N. monachus</em> to bioclimatic factors, elevation, and land cover to predict the species<em>'</em> current distribution across Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda, and assess potential climate change impacts. Findings reveal that only 11.813 % of the study area represents suitable habitat for <em>N. monachus</em>, with 35.954 % of this falling within protected areas. The Hooded Vulture exhibited strong dependence on climatic conditions, with variables of large influence to its distribution being isothermality, annual mean temperature, precipitation seasonality, elevation, and annual precipitation, while the urban land exhibited moderate influence. Climate change projections indicate regional habitat stability, but varying spatial and climatic pathway-based trajectories, with habitat expansions under sustainable development pathways (SSP126) and mixed outcomes under fossil-fuelled scenarios (SSP585), particularly affecting Kenya with consistent declines, while Tanzania, Uganda, and Rwanda showed expansions. The proportion of suitable habitat within protected areas remained stable across scenarios, though substantial national disparities persist. This research underscores the role of modelling in informed conservation and urgency in transboundary conservation strategies extending beyond currently protected areas and provides critical insights for adaptive conservation planning to safeguard the Hooded Vulture<em>'</em>s future in East Africa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 146-158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential responses of soil micro-food web components to global change factors: A meta-analysis","authors":"Huiting Zhou ,&nbsp;Wanglin Zhuang ,&nbsp;Zhaoji Shi ,&nbsp;Ziqiang Liu ,&nbsp;Hui Wei ,&nbsp;Jiaen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The soil micro-food web, comprising bacteria, fungi, and nematodes, is fundamental to ecosystem functioning, yet its responses to global change are complex and poorly synthesized. Based on a meta-analysis of 99 published studies, we evaluated the effects of four major stressor categories—soil contamination, climate change, atmospheric pollution, and biological invasions—on this network. Our results demonstrate that global change stressors influence the soil micro-food web through three distinct pathways: resource availability, environmental stress, and biotic interactions. Noteworthy findings include severe suppression of the nematode community under heavy metal exposure (-76.01 % in total abundance) and drought (-41.09 %), while significant increase under acid rain (41.75 %) and nitrogen (N) deposition (21.96 %). A key mechanism identified is that a change in microbial biomass needs to reach a critical level to alter the abundance of nematode trophic groups. These responses were further modulated by environmental context; mean annual precipitation (MAP) supported fungal channel resilience, whereas mean annual temperature (MAT) shaped bacterial channel vulnerability. Soil acidification was identified as a master variable driving community restructuring. By validating this tripartite pathway framework, our study offers a mechanistic basis for predicting soil ecosystem responses to global change and underscores that nematodes act not merely as passive indicators, but as active regulators and integrators of ecosystem stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 62-72"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145836930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling Spatio-temporal genetic connectivity of loggerhead sea turtles across the North Atlantic","authors":"Françoise D. Lima ,&nbsp;Catalina Monzón-Argüello ,&nbsp;Hugo Parra ,&nbsp;Marco Santos ,&nbsp;Andrea Herguedas ,&nbsp;João Lagoa ,&nbsp;Nuria Varo-Cruz ,&nbsp;Thomas Dellinger ,&nbsp;Brian Shamblin ,&nbsp;Karen Bjorndal ,&nbsp;Simona A. Ceriani ,&nbsp;Yasmina Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Vidal Martín ,&nbsp;Manuel Carrillo ,&nbsp;Frederic Vandeperre","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The life cycle of North Atlantic loggerhead sea turtles (<em>Caretta caretta</em>) involves an oceanic juvenile dispersal stage and migration to foraging habitats in the Eastern North Atlantic, where juveniles from multiple nesting populations aggregate in a mixed stock. This study examined temporal shifts in the genetic composition and stock contributions of loggerhead sea turtles at these oceanic foraging grounds by analyzing the mtDNA control region fragment from sea turtles sampled between 2010 and 2018, alongside historical data (1990–2004). Mixed stock analyses revealed that the Central East and Southeast Florida management units (MUs) remain key contributors to juvenile aggregations in Azores and Madeira, while the Cape Verde rookery is one of the main source for juveniles in the Canary Islands. Temporal comparisons indicated a decline in the proportion of contributions from Florida rookeries and an increase from Mexico and Cape Verde, likely reflecting nesting population declines in Florida (between 2009 and 2012) and rising nest numbers in Mexico and Cape Verde. Significant temporal genetic structure was detected, especially in the Canary Islands. These findings highlight dynamic shifts in juvenile stock composition driven mainly by fluctuations in size of nesting populations. The study underscores the critical need for long-term genetic monitoring of both nesting and developmental habitats to inform targeted conservation strategies. Understanding temporal and spatial connectivity patterns is essential to safeguarding this migratory species, particularly in the face of ongoing anthropogenic threats and global environmental change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 42-51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145787022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of nonnative fishes on local contributions to beta diversity in United States freshwater fishes","authors":"Congjun Xu ,&nbsp;Jiping Li ,&nbsp;Chenggong Du ,&nbsp;Naisen Liu ,&nbsp;Jun Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Guohuan Su","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodiversity has become a central focus in ecological research, playing a critical role in biological conservation and environmental management. Beta diversity can be partitioned into Local Contributions to Beta Diversity (LCBD), a metric used to evaluate the site-specific conservation value of ecosystems. This study applied the LCBD framework to identify watersheds of high conservation value across spatial gradients in the U.S. freshwater fish communities, comparing compositional uniqueness before and after species invasions. Based on an extensive dataset spanning more than 800 freshwater fishes across 1873 communities, we employed Boosted Regression Trees (BRT) to quantify the key drivers underlying changes in LCBD. Our findings provide spatially explicit insights for invasion-related biodiversity conservation and management. The results revealed that, despite only minor shifts occurring in most watershed-level contributions, significant regional disparities emerged, notably in the western and eastern coast U.S. This was reflected in the sesLCBD range, which shifted from (-4.33, 4.95) historically to (-4.53, 6.68) at present. Watersheds with high nonnative species exhibited reduced LCBD. Boosted Regression Trees (BRTs) explained 69.12% of the deviance in sesLCBD changes and identified the percentage of nonnative species as the dominant driver. This relationship was nonlinear, with sesLCBD declines intensifying at higher invasion levels. Notably, the two watersheds with the highest proportions of nonnative species (83.3% and 82.9%) exhibited the substantial sesLCBD decreases of -3.71 and -3.79, respectively. These findings illuminate how nonnative species reshape freshwater biodiversity by modifying LCBD patterns, offering critical insights for conservation planning. We recommend prioritizing high-LCBD watersheds to maintain ecosystem functionality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 159-166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coffee berry borer control, but not coffee yield, is mediated by non-additive interaction between birds and ants across different cultivation systems","authors":"Damaris A. Cardona Tejada ,&nbsp;Juan L. Parra ,&nbsp;Ingo Grass ,&nbsp;Frank M. Schurr","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coffee is one of the most traded tropical crops, cultivated in some of the most biodiverse regions on the planet. Coffee production can be seriously reduced by the coffee berry borer (CBB), a specialized beetle that feeds on the endosperm of coffee berries. Given the CBB's economic relevance, coffee-producing countries have developed extensive Integrated Pest Management programs. Nonetheless, most of these programs fail to incorporate CBB control by natural enemies such as birds and ants. While the effects of birds and ants on CBB suppression have been demonstrated to be positive when studied in isolation, their interactive effects have been little studied. To better understand the effects of the trophic interaction between birds and ants on CBB control, we conducted a full-factorial block experiment excluding birds and ants from coffee shrubs. We distributed 49 experimental blocks across three different coffee systems in a Colombian landscape: sun-exposed coffee, coffee-plantain intercropping, and shade coffee. We found birds to be key control agents of CBB: in the presence of ants, bird exclusion increased CBB infestation by 36 %. However, in the absence of ants, birds had little effect on CBB infestation, demonstrating that the effects of birds and ants were non-additive. This suggests that birds control CBB through a trophic cascade mediated by ants. We also found that the effects of exclusions were modified by the cultivation system, with the shade coffee system consistently reducing CBB infestation. Our experiment demonstrates that crop diversification is an effective measure for integrating local enemies into IPM strategies. Nonetheless, we acknowledge that trophic interactions are highly complex and exhibit a context-dependency that can result in the suppression of biological pest control. Therefore, we recommend conducting future analysis on evaluating the effects of predator´s community composition to encourage the development of IPM programs that leverage biodiversity in agroecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}