Basic and Applied Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Sheep grazing in vineyards benefits wild bees in vineyard embankments and sheep dung attracts dung beetles to vineyards","authors":"Felix Fornoff ,&nbsp;Johanna Mattenklodt ,&nbsp;Frauke Thul ,&nbsp;Jörn Buse ,&nbsp;Alexandra-Maria Klein ,&nbsp;Jakob Hörl ,&nbsp;Nicolas Schoof","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrated sheep-vineyard systems are an example of ecological intensification. Sheep can replace mulching, thereby reducing the input of fossil fuels and agrochemicals. However, knowledge about the co-benefits of sheep grazing for biodiversity is lacking. This study examined the impact of grazing on wild bee diversity within terraced vineyards and vineyard embankments. Additionally, dung beetle colonization of sheep dung was investigated in the wine-growing region of southwestern Germany. Five vineyards and their terrace risers (embankments) had been grazed by sheep for several years, typically in a rotational system, or were managed conventionally by mulching as control. Wild bee diversity was compared in five pairs of grazed and non-grazed vineyards and five pairs of grazed and non-grazed embankments within one year. Dung beetle diversity, reared from sheep dung collected at three grazed vineyards, was also assessed. In the vineyards, bee abundance and species richness did not differ between grazed plots and mulched controls, but bee abundance increased with flower abundance, and bee species richness increased with flowering herb species richness. In contrast, on vineyard embankments, both species richness and abundance of wild bees were higher on grazed embankments compared to control embankments, whereas flower cover did not have any effect. At least 20 different dung beetle species, including threatened ones, were recorded in sheep droppings of grazed vineyards. This additional food resource may support dung beetle populations, contributing to overall insect biomass, with potential relevance for nature conservation. Our study shows that sheep grazing may support dung beetles, but does not affect bees in vineyards. However, allowing sheep to access vineyard embankments for vegetation management supports wild bees. Therefore, sheep grazing in vineyards offers opportunities for biodiversity conservation and maintaining ecosystem functions, though is not an all-in-one solution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143436582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protected areas do not outperform urban wastelands in supporting insect pollinators and pollination in central Germany","authors":"Panagiotis Theodorou ,&nbsp;Wilhelm H.A. Osterman ,&nbsp;Janna H. Mrozek ,&nbsp;Bilyana S. Wild ,&nbsp;Michael Beckmann ,&nbsp;Julia Osterman ,&nbsp;Robert J. Paxton","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Natura 2000 network is central to Europe's conservation efforts to address biodiversity decline, with ongoing plans to expand protected areas and restore habitats across the European Union. However, due to the relative scarcity of biodiversity assessments within Natura 2000 sites, our understanding of how effective these areas are at protecting biodiversity and how they can be improved remains limited. At the same time, urban green spaces and associated disturbed, unmanaged vacant areas, also known as urban wastelands, have gained attention as potential conservation targets due to their high insect species richness. Here, we assess and compare the biodiversity of pollinators within Natura 2000 reserves and urban wastelands to evaluate their relative value for biodiversity protection and pollination services. To achieve this, we compared pollinator communities, their flower-visitation patterns and pollination services using potted experimental plants in flower-rich Natura 2000 sites and paired non-protected, unmanaged, yet similarly flower-rich urban wastelands. While the total biomass and overall abundance of insects did not differ between the two habitat types, wild bee abundance and richness were higher in urban wastelands, whereas pollinator communities were more heterogeneous among Natura 2000 sites. Though insect flower-visitation network metrics were similar across both habitats, seed set of experimental plants was higher in urban wastelands compared to Natura 2000 sites, indicating lower pollination services in the nature reserves. Our findings suggest that while Natura 2000 areas contained unique biodiversity compared to urban wastelands, the current status of protected areas in Germany is inadequate to conserve biodiversity hotspots for bees, including endangered species and the pollination services they provide. We highlight the potential for urban areas to support biodiversity conservation as well as the need to develop targeted strategies for bee conservation in Natura 2000 areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 29-39"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moving north under the eye of the public: The dispersal ecology of the Nosferatu spider, documented by citizen scientists","authors":"Nadja Pernat ,&nbsp;Sascha Buchholz ,&nbsp;Jan Ole Kriegs ,&nbsp;Jan Steen ,&nbsp;Hilke Hollens-Kuhr","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Citizen participation in tracking the spread of newly introduced or invasive species is an effective tool in nature conservation. Recently arrived species that pose threats to humans, animals, or plants—especially those widely covered in the media—are particularly suitable for citizen-led monitoring.</div><div>In this study, we selected the Nosferatu spider (<em>Zoropsis spinimana</em>), a species spreading from the Mediterranean to northern Europe, to investigate whether its media coverage motivates citizens to report observations. Additionally, we aimed to gather insights into the spider's dispersal ecology through citizen science data. We utilized Google News and Google Videos as indicators of media presence, Google Trends as a proxy for public awareness, and citizen science observation data to assess the spider's distribution and ecology. Our analysis of 3,017 citizen science observations from different sources revealed a north-eastern spread of <em>Z. spinimana</em>. We found a temporal correlation between media presence, Google search activity, and the number of citizen-reported observations. Additionally, there was a strong spatial correlation between federal states with the highest media presence and the highest number of citizen reports. Most observations were recorded between August and October, with the majority occurring inside human dwellings. Hence, the current dispersion dynamics and extensive media coverage of <em>Z. spinimana</em> appear to be significant factors driving increased public awareness, as evidenced by higher search interest and a greater number of citizen observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 40-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143454926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of plant functional group removal on caterpillars (Gynaephora alpherakii) performance and plant production in an alpine meadow","authors":"Rui Cao ,&nbsp;Han Chen ,&nbsp;Jingran Cai ,&nbsp;Chen Hang ,&nbsp;Ziyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingchun Miao ,&nbsp;Peng Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Loss of plant functional group diversity has significant repercussions for ecosystem productivity globally. However, our understanding of how this loss of specific functional groups, particularly those providing non-food resources, influences herbivores and, consequently, ecosystem productivity remains limited. To elucidate these, we conducted a series of experiments consisting of (1) a two-factor field experiment, where we manipulated the forb abundance and caterpillar presence to assess their interactive effects on plant productivity and caterpillar performance, (2) a field complementary shelter addition experiment, designed to isolate and evaluate the effects of microclimatic changes resulting from forb removal, and (3) a confirmatory microcosm experiment to validate the field findings under controlled by monitoring the herbivory patterns. Our results show that forb removal significantly decreased the aboveground plant biomass (APB) by 41.3 %, but did not affect the APB of sedges. The presence of caterpillars significantly decreased total APB by 16.7 % and APB of sedges by 34.8 %, but these effects disappeared with forbs removed. Specifically, forb removal significantly increased caterpillar mortality rates by 319 % and decreased caterpillar body size by 27.2 %, which in turn diminished the herbivory pressure on sedges. Changes in caterpillar performance were correlated with maximum and average soil surface temperatures influenced by forb removal and the addition of shelters. Further investigation by the confirmatory microcosm experiment indicated that the absence of forbs decreased the feeding time of caterpillars and deprived caterpillars of refuge from the midday heat and intense sunlight, ultimately resulting in lower body size and higher larval mortality. Our findings suggest that forb removal disrupts trophic interactions, with potential cascading effects on herbivore populations, plant community structure, and ecosystem productivity. These results underscore the importance of plant functional diversity in maintaining ecosystem stability, especially under changing environmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"83 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in weed vegetation across transects in maize fields","authors":"Franz Essl ,&nbsp;Swen Follak ,&nbsp;Michael Glaser","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Weed vegetation in Central Europe has strongly changed during the last decades in response to changing agricultural practices. In addition, the cultivation of certain crops such as maize has expanded strongly. Fields are characterized by gradients from the edge to the interior, which may have ramifications on the weed vegetation. Here, we analyzed the composition of weed vegetation in maize fields from the edge to the interior documented by 101 transects consisting of three plots (10 m²) from Central Europe. In total, 203 species were recorded, including 107 (52 %) natives, 48 (24 %) archaeophytes, and 48 (24 %) neophytes. While the edge plots had a median species richness of nine species, the central plots (10 m from the field edge) and the interior plots (50 m from the field edge) both had a median of four species. Weed species cover declined more drastically from a median of 28.9 % total cover to 6.2 % to 5.0 %. Community indices (based on Ellenberg Indicator Values) changed along transects. Mean community index for light decreased towards the center, while the community index for moisture increased. The community index for nutrients increased from the edge to the central plot, but not to the interior plot. Species turnover was significant between the edge, central and interior plots. Species richness of the transects was influenced by landscape context and climate. Mean annual temperature, the amount of surrounding forests and maize fields were significant negative predictors of species richness, whereas surrounding water bodies, ruderal vegetation and built-up areas were significant positive predictors. Given that maize cultivation has rapidly expanded during the last decades, making it one of the most important crops in Central Europe, our study provides important insights into the composition of weed vegetation of a major, yet understudied component of modern agricultural landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hoverfly assemblages in urban farms compared to urban parks in the city of Geneva","authors":"C. Heiniger,&nbsp;G. Pétremand,&nbsp;S. Rochefort","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to assess whether urban farms are good providers of ecosystem services compared to other green infrastructures. To assess two services (pollinating and pest control services), hoverflies were monitored in three urban farms (Budé, Lignon and Tissot) and three urban parks (Franchises, Trembley and Beaulieu) in the canton of Geneva in 2017. The results show a large abundance of hoverflies in the parks and farms, particularly at the end of June. In terms of hoverfly diversity, 81 species were recorded, with 10 species accounting for around 80 % of the captures. The Shannon index shows that hoverfly diversity is significantly higher in the parks than in the farms at three out of 6 sampling dates. Of the five most abundant species in parks and farms taken together, three are aphidiphagous and can therefore play a biocontrol role in crops. The average proportion of aphidiphagous individuals is significantly higher in the farms than in the parks. In conclusion, studying hoverflies in urban environments has permitted to highlight differences in function and community composition between apparently similar habitats. However, we recommend limiting the sampling period to the month of June, which would reduce the work involved in sampling with Malaise traps, while retaining significant discriminatory power and limiting impact on syrphid fly communities. In order to encourage hoverflies in the city, it is crucial to maintain several stepping stone habitats within the urban matrix, to favor structures that will give them access to diversified food resources and to adopt maintenance practices that have the least impact on these communities. The introduction of native hedges and aquatic habitats could also be a source of diversification for the pool of species found in the city.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Pages 35-45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shrub anti-herbivore defenses exhibit non-linear and varied responses to increased herbivore density","authors":"Justin P. Young ,&nbsp;Timothy E. Fulbright ,&nbsp;Charles A. DeYoung ,&nbsp;David G. Hewitt ,&nbsp;David B. Wester ,&nbsp;Don A. Draeger","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants may produce induced defenses such as longer thorns or secondary compounds to cope with higher levels of herbivory. However, it is unclear if physical and chemical plant defenses increase incrementally along a gradient of herbivore densities. We hypothesized that physical and chemical anti-herbivore defenses in selected shrubs increase with increasing herbivore density. We tested our hypothesis using four 0.81 km² paddocks on each of two ranches in southern Texas, USA, that were fenced to exclude ingress and egress by white-tailed deer (<em>Odocoileus virginianus</em>). Target densities of deer on each ranch were 0 (control), 25, 49, and 74 deer/km². Pelleted feed was provided ad libitum in each paddock. In July 2014, we selected ten plants of blackbrush acacia (<em>Vachellia rigidula</em>), twisted acacia (<em>Vachellia schaffneri</em>), and spiny hackberry (<em>Celtis ehrenbergiana</em>) in each of the four research paddocks on each ranch. We marked stems on each plant and recorded length of the main stem, lateral stems, and thorns during July 2014–2016. We collected leaf and stem samples from 20 plants of each of the three browse species during July and October 2014 and 2015 for analysis of crude protein and tannins. Branch density of blackbrush acacia was 38 % (25 deer/km²) to 123 % (49 deer/km²) greater in deer density treatments and thorn density of blackbrush acacia was 27 % greater in treatments with 74 deer/km² than in control treatments. Spiny hackberry branch density was 2.5 times greater in treatments with 49 deer/km² than in control treatments. Induction of plant antiherbivore defenses with increasing deer density occurred primarily in blackbrush acacia. A key finding is that induced physical and chemical defenses in shrubs can respond to increasing herbivore density in a non-linear fashion and the combination of defense strategies can vary depending on herbivore density.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Pages 46-57"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apparent survival and population turnover in a long-lived generalist raptor: A comparison of estimation methods","authors":"Ülo Väli,&nbsp;Freddy Rohtla","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adult survival and turnover rates are often estimated in long-lived species as the primary drivers of population dynamics. Various methods have been used, yet comparison of estimation methods is seldom undertaken. To address this gap, we used colour-ringing across different age groups, as well as GPS-tracking and genetic analysis of shed feathers, to estimate these critical parameters in a population of a medium-sized bird of prey, the Lesser Spotted Eagle. According to the colour-ringing data, the apparent survival during the first year of life (0.21) was more than four times lower than that of birds older than one year (0.88); the GPS-tracking (0.84) and genetic analysis (0.81) yielded similar survival estimates. However, population turnover rates derived from genetic feather analysis (0.17–0.43) exceeded expectations based on apparent survival estimates, as well as those derived from colour-rings (0.05–0.17) and GPS-tracking (0.05–0.08). Notably, all markers indicated high site fidelity among adult eagles, with breeding dispersal events being infrequent. Our findings underscore the utility of various methods for estimating apparent survival, though the ecological characteristics of the species may influence the efficacy of each method. However, estimates of population turnover rates were notably influenced by the choice of method and should be interpreted cautiously before recommending management actions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Pages 28-34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global conservation status of plants growing on cliffs and rocky outcrops","authors":"Ben Nyberg ,&nbsp;Seana K. Walsh ,&nbsp;Nina Rønsted","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecosystems that occur on cliffs and rocky outcrops are home to many plants that are specially adapted to harsh environmental conditions. These habitats are seeing increased pressure from development, recreational use, and invasive species, calling for a thorough evaluation of the endangerment of the taxa inhabiting them. However, the conservation status of these taxa is not well understood preventing effective conservation prioritization and action. In this study, we examine the conservation status of vascular plant taxa associated with these ecosystems, using the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species assessments, and compare these to their taxonomic status (families and genera) and range (realm, country, occupancy). We have assembled data highlighting regions where cliff and rocky outcrop taxa most frequently occur (Madagascar, Brazil, Spain) and found that plants growing in these habitats may be more endangered than expected given global plant endangerment, however, risk patterns do vary. Certain groups find refuge in cliffs or rocky outcrops environments (Euphorbiaceae, 18% less endangered), while others may be facing increased risk (Cactaceae, 19% more endangered). We have also found that taxa occurring in habitats with low mean elevation or narrow elevational ranges are more endangered. To assist future research, we have developed a dashboard summarizing available data that also allows for interactive analyses based on user-defined goals. We see the need for additional research on cliff and rocky outcrop plants to enhance the Red List assessment process and support overall plant conservation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Pages 18-27"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143178859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flower-rich road verges increase abundance of flower visitors in the surrounding landscape","authors":"Svenja Horstmann ,&nbsp;Lina Herbertsson ,&nbsp;Björn K. Klatt ,&nbsp;Alistair G. Auffret ,&nbsp;Erik Öckinger","doi":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.baae.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flower-visiting insects and the plants that depend on them are declining due to habitat loss and deterioration. Road verges, which often provide abundant floral resources, are gaining attention for their potential conservation value, as they can support a high abundance and diversity of flower-visiting insects. Thereby, flower-abundant road verges may benefit pollination in surrounding landscapes. However, the potential negative effect of traffic on this benefit remains unexplored. We addressed the research gap using potted wild strawberry plants (<em>Fragaria vesca</em>, variety ‘Rügen’), placed at 20 m and 80–100 m distance from road verges along roads with varying traffic intensity (around 100–5500 vehicles per day). We found that floral abundance in road verges enhanced the number of flower visitors to strawberry plants in nearby areas, regardless of the distance to the road verge. However, this positive effect was restricted by increasing traffic intensity and narrower road verge width. Despite similar numbers of flower visitors at both distances, the pollination success, measured as the number of developed achenes on each harvested strawberry, tended to be lower closer to the road verge than further away but was unrelated to flower density, traffic intensity and road verge width, which indicates potential differences in pollinator behaviour or in the pollen they carried. Our findings highlight the potential of flower-rich road verges to support the conservation of flower-visiting insects. However, we emphasise the need to consider road verge width and traffic intensity to ensure successful pollinator-friendly management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8708,"journal":{"name":"Basic and Applied Ecology","volume":"82 ","pages":"Pages 59-65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}