Materials Chemistry Frontiers最新文献

{"title":"Intriguing rotational conformations of energetic 1,2,4-triazole–pyrazoles: comparative insights into versatile N-functionalization and structure–property modulation†","authors":"Dongshuai Su, Lei Yang, Jinxiong Cai, Qi Lai, Ping Yin and Siping Pang","doi":"10.1039/D5QM00298B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00298B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Various <em>N</em>-site functionalizations of nitrogen-rich heterocycles enable considerable structural diversity in high-energy molecules. However, the rotational conformations of polycyclic backbones have been largely overlooked, thereby limiting a thorough understanding of their structure–property relationships. In this contribution, three polynitro-functionalized energetic analogues were achieved by <em>N</em>-functionalization of the 1,2,4-triazole–pyrazole-based precursor (<strong>1</strong>). With incorporating nine nitro groups, 5-(4,5-dinitro-1-(trinitromethyl)-1<em>H</em>-pyrazol-3-yl)-3-nitro-1-(trinitromethyl)-1<em>H</em>-1,2,4-triazole (<strong>7</strong>) features a positive oxygen balance (CO<small>₂</small> = +11.3%) and high positive heat of formation (Δ<em>H</em><small>_f</small> = +660.9 kJ mol<small>⁻¹</small>). 5-(3,4-Dinitro-1-(trinitromethyl)-1<em>H</em>-pyrazol-5-yl)-1-(dinitromethyl)-3-nitro-1<em>H</em>-1,2,4-triazole (<strong>5</strong>) has the highest density (<em>d</em> = 1.933 g cm<small>⁻³</small>) and detonation properties (<em>P</em> = 37.2 GPa, <em>V</em><small>_D</small> = 9160 m s<small>⁻¹</small>) among these three compounds. The comparative results of single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicate that <em>N</em>-functionalized groups of <strong>5</strong> are substituted on opposite sides, whereas the <em>N</em>-functional groups of the other two energetic compounds (<strong>6</strong> and <strong>7</strong>) are substituted on the same side. Further structural analysis reveals that the distinct energetic performance not only originates from diverse functionalization, but is also impacted by the rotational conformation of the triazole–pyrazole skeleton.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 16","pages":" 2551-2558"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microporous Cu-based organic frameworks for hydrogen isotope separation†","authors":"Xiufang Li, Zhanfeng Ju, Kongzhao Su, Wenjing Wang and Daqiang Yuan","doi":"10.1039/D5QM00312A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00312A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Deuterium gas is indispensable for various applications, yet the efficient separation of hydrogen isotopes remains a significant challenge. Separation at elevated temperatures using the chemical affinity quantum sieving (CAQS) effect has emerged as a promising strategy. Herein, we systematically investigate the hydrogen isotope gas adsorption and separation properties of two microporous copper-based MOFs, <strong>Cu-BTB</strong> and <strong>Cu-BDC</strong>. Comparative analysis reveals that the distinct channel architecture in <strong>Cu-BTB</strong> substantially governs its hydrogen isotope separation efficiency, suggesting a structure–property correlation in these porous crystalline materials. Theoretical calculations attribute the high adsorption enthalpy of <strong>Cu-BTB</strong> to the synergistic interplay between its open metal sites and well-defined pore structure. Dynamic gas breakthrough experiments further demonstrate a separation factor of 1.3 at 77 K and 1 bar.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 16","pages":" 2508-2513"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc-based materials for electrocatalytic reduction reactions: progress and prospects","authors":"Baghendra Singh and Apparao Draksharapu","doi":"10.1039/D5QM00354G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00354G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The persistent energy crisis and environmental pollution pose significant challenges for modern society. Developing efficient methods for electrochemical energy conversion presents a promising solution to address these pressing issues. In the past few years, various electrocatalytic reduction reactions such as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), nitrate reduction reaction (NO<small>₃</small><small>⁻</small>RR), and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO<small>₂</small>RR) have been investigated to create a pollution free green society and environment. Zn-based materials have garnered significant attention as potential candidates in the electrocatalytic reduction reactions owing to their precisely tuned structural and electronic properties, three-dimensional architectures, large surface areas, abundant active sites, high stability, and enhanced mass transport and diffusion capabilities. Numerous studies have been published investigating the potential of Zn-based materials in various electrocatalytic reduction reactions. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews systematically exploring the use of Zn-based materials in electrocatalytic reduction reactions. This review explores the structure–property–performance correlations of zinc-based catalysts, emphasizing their role in various electrocatalytic reduction reactions. We discuss the influence of structural modifications, such as doping, alloying, heterostructure formation, and morphological control, on the catalytic activity, stability, and selectivity of these materials. Special focus is given to the electronic structure modulation, active site optimization, and charge transfer mechanisms that underpin their performance. Recent advancements in synthesis techniques and characterization methods are highlighted to illustrate how tailored design strategies enhance catalytic efficiency. By presenting a comprehensive overview of zinc-based catalysts, this review aims to provide insights into their structure–performance relationships and offer guidance for the rational design of next-generation electrocatalysts for sustainable energy and chemical production.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 15","pages":" 2287-2321"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sn-doped mixed-halide Li6PS5Cl0.5Br0.5 argyrodite with enhanced chemical stability for all-solid-state batteries†","authors":"Yoonjae Cho, Jung Hwan Song, Ji Eun Wang, Do Kyung Kim and Dong Jun Kim","doi":"10.1039/D5QM00394F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00394F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The synthesis and characterization of Sn-doped Li<small>₆</small>PS<small>₅</small>Cl<small>_0.5</small>Br<small>_0.5</small> solid-state electrolytes are presented. By incorporating Cl and Br, the solubility of Sn dopants in the argyrodite framework is significantly improved without compromising the high ionic conductivity of material. Sn substitution for P enhances both the chemical robustness and interfacial stability of the electrolyte, addressing key challenges in electrolyte stability. The inclusion of Sn strengthens the structural integrity of Li<small>₆</small>PS<small>₅</small>Cl<small>_0.5</small>Br<small>_0.5</small>, mitigating atmospheric degradation. Electrochemical studies reveal that Sn doping markedly increases ionic conductivity and reduces the activation energy for Li-ion mobility, thereby improving battery performance. Structural analyses indicate that Sn incorporation expands the unit cell and facilitates the formation of a Li–Sn alloy at the electrolyte–electrode interface. This alloy formation promotes rapid Li-ion migration and stabilizes the interface, contributing to enhanced electrochemical stability. The findings underscore the synergistic benefits of halogen substitution and Sn doping, demonstrating their collective impact on the performance and durability of sulfide-based solid electrolytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 15","pages":" 2404-2416"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/qm/d5qm00394f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of covalently linked diketopyrrolopyrrole oligomers and their singlet fission properties†","authors":"Xianyuan Wang, Tianyu Li, Chen Chen, Yu Zheng, Xiaonan Fan, Boce Cui, Linglong Tang, Yanli Chen, Heyuan Liu and Xiyou Li","doi":"10.1039/D5QM00091B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00091B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Singlet fission (SF) is a down-conversion process that could convert a high-energy singlet exciton into two low-energy triplet excitons. To date, there are very few SF materials with high efficiencies, high stability and relatively high triplet state energy simultaneously. Diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) have been found to achieve highly efficient intermolecular SF; however, they have not yet achieved efficient intramolecular SF (iSF). Herein, a series of covalently linked DPP oligomers (<em>E</em>(T<small>₁</small>) = ∼1.1 eV) were synthesized, and their iSF properties were investigated <em>via</em> time-resolved ultrafast fluorescence/absorption spectroscopy. The absorption spectra of oligomers changed significantly compared to their corresponding monomers, suggesting the presence of strong inter-chromophore electronic coupling in these oligomers. Meanwhile, the fluorescence quantum yield of these oligomers also dropped a lot, especially in polar solvents. Transient absorption spectra revealed that these oligomers could conduct iSF in polar solvents, but not in non-polar solvents. This, together with the large dropped fluorescence quantum yield in polar solvents, suggests that iSF in these oligomers was mediated by the charge-transfer state. More importantly, the SF rate and efficiency increase gradually from dimer (∼3.71 ns and ∼45.3%) to trimer (∼1.62 ns and ∼66.8%) and then to tetramer (∼1.08 ns and ∼85.3%). This may be caused by the larger diffusion space for the separation of the triplet state provided by the increasing number of DPP units in trimers and tetramers. The 85% iSF yield of tetramers is the highest recorded for DPP derivatives in solution. This work opens a new avenue for the design of novel efficient iSF materials based on DPP derivatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 15","pages":" 2417-2431"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-driven breakthroughs in water electrolysis and supercapacitors","authors":"Diab Khalafallah, Fuming Lai, Hao Huang, Jue Wang, Xiaoqing Wang, Shengfu Tong and Qinfang Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5QM00326A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00326A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Electrochemical energy conversion and storage have attracted widespread interest as green and sustainable technologies. In particular, research on water electrolysis and supercapacitors (SCs) has experienced significant growth, focusing on novel electrodes/electrocatalysts with prominent performances. Recently, computational frameworks employing machine learning (ML) algorithms have revitalized the targeted design of advanced nanomaterials as electrodes/electrocatalysts with tunable electronic configurations and superior reactivity. Descriptor-based analysis has proven efficient in elucidating the structure–property (<em>e.g.</em>, activity, selectivity, and stability) relationships, addressing the complex interactions between the catalytic surface and reactant species and predicting enormous data sets. In this contribution, we present an overview of ML-driven electrode/electrocatalyst design, highlighting several novel algorithms and descriptors. The latest advancements in ML approaches are presented to efficiently screen a wide range of metal-based materials. Leveraging recent achievements, this review describes the application of ML for the discovery of active and durable nanomaterials, including identifying active sites, manipulating compositions at the atomic level, predicting the structure/performance, and optimizing thermodynamic properties as well as kinetic barriers. Moreover, recent milestones and state-of-the-art progress in ML integration strategies-materials informatics to stimulate the design of highly efficient electrode/electrocatalyst systems for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and SCs are discussed. Finally, we highlight potential future directions for uncovering the revolutionary potential of ML in boosting sustainability and prediction efficiency in the electrochemical energy conversion and storage sector. This review intends to reinforce the junctions between industry and academia and merge endeavors from fundamental understanding to technological execution.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 15","pages":" 2322-2353"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent-free isomerization of trialkoxy-heptazine derivatives featuring efficient intermolecular rearrangements†","authors":"Barun Dhara, Mengwen Yan, Ryotaro Ibuka, Jiaxian Wang, Atsuko Nihonyanagi, Hiroyuki Inuzuka, Yuko Hamada, Toshie Wakamatsu, Kiyohiro Adachi, Daisuke Hashizume, Norihito Fukui and Daigo Miyajima","doi":"10.1039/D5QM00246J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00246J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Graphitic carbon nitrides (GCNs) have garnered broad research interest due to their potential in various applications. This study reveals a unique characteristic of heptazine, a repeating structural unit of GCN. Trialkoxy-heptazine, Hz(OR)<small>₃</small>, undergoes nearly quantitative isomerization to trialkylheptazine-trione, HzTO-R<small>₃</small>, under solvent-free conditions. While most quantitative isomerizations proceed intramolecularly, this isomerization occurs through intermolecular rearrangement reactions. The isomerization introduces three carbonyl groups, drastically altering the physical properties of the parent molecules and making them ideal for stimuli-responsive materials. Since this isomerization proceeds efficiently under solvent-free conditions, it can potentially be integrated into GCN-based materials, offering significant promise for the development of novel GCN-based materials and their applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 16","pages":" 2500-2507"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-strength anisotropic hydrogels as adhesive strain sensors for dual-environment applications†","authors":"Yali Li, Ruiyao Ma, Hui Liu, Qiang Liu, Shasha Song, Ling-Bao Xing and Shuanhong Ma","doi":"10.1039/D5QM00199D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00199D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hydrogels exhibit tremendous potential for applications in electronic skin sensing, yet their interfacial hydration severely limits their sensing applications underwater. Herein, inspired by the underwater adhesion mechanism of mussels, we robustly anchor a poly(dopamine methacrylamide-2-methoxyethyl methacrylate) (P(DMA-MEMA)) copolymer onto the surface of anisotropic poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid/Fe<small>³⁺</small>) (P(AAm-AAc/Fe<small>³⁺</small>)) hydrogels. The adhesive hydrogels capable of adhering both in air and underwater are constructed by leveraging the hydrophobic properties of the adhesive polymer. The prepared adhesive hydrogel exhibits superior anisotropic mechanical properties, with stress along the pre-stretched direction varying from 4.40 MPa to 6.99 MPa, significantly higher than that of isotropic and vertically oriented hydrogels. Furthermore, the adhesive hydrogel demonstrates high adhesion performance in air and underwater on various substrate surfaces (glass, wood, ceramic, metal, and porcine skin). Additionally, the adhesive hydrogel as a strain sensor can be used for monitoring human motion information, underwater distress detection (“SOS”), and intelligent alarming. It shows anisotropic sensing properties, with conductivity and sensitivity along the pre-stretched direction of 260 mS m<small>⁻¹</small> and 3.65, respectively, superior to the sensing performance in the vertical direction of the hydrogel. This study provides an effective method for preparing multifunctional anisotropic underwater adhesive hydrogels with high-strength tunability, offering potential prospects in underwater applications such as flexible sensors and soft robotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 15","pages":" 2432-2440"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144671314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underpotentially-deposited silver substrates reverse the odd–even interfacial properties of CF3-terminated SAMs†","authors":"Maria D. Marquez, Ruwanthi Amarasekara, Daniela Rodriguez, Oussama Zenasni, Han Ju Lee, Tianlang Yu, Siwakorn Sakunkaewkasem, Steven Baldelli and T. Randall Lee","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00541D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00541D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Modifications to the metal substrate used in alkanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) formation impact the structural characteristics of the thin films and their macroscopic interfacial properties. In this study, evaporated gold surfaces underwent electrochemical modification, where a monolayer of silver was deposited through underpotential deposition (UPD). The effects of such a modification of the gold substrate on the structural and interfacial properties of <em>n</em>-alkanethiol and CF<small>₃</small>-terminated SAMs, wherein the latter bears an interfacial dipole at the CF<small>₃</small>–CH<small>₂</small> transition, were explored. Structural analysis of the films revealed well-ordered monolayers on both gold and UPD Ag surfaces. Ellipsometric thickness assessment and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of UPD Ag surfaces showed that the adsorbates formed densely packed monolayers that were ∼4 Å thicker than their counterparts on gold. These variations were attributed to the different binding geometries adopted by the sulfur atoms on the respective metals, which in turn dictates the tilt angles and the orientation of the terminal moiety. Polarization modulation infrared reflection−absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) revealed a shift in the orientation of the chain termini, likely due to differences in the mobility of underlying methylene units between substrates. Moreover, odd–even effects in the contact angle data of both polar and nonpolar liquids show changes in interfacial wettability further highlighting the impact of the subtle change to the substrate on the film structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 16","pages":" 2478-2490"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/qm/d4qm00541d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144773403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly conductive Cu-deposited basalt fiber fabric for high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding and Joule heating†","authors":"Anand Parkash, Abudukeremu Kadier and Peng-Cheng Ma","doi":"10.1039/D5QM00141B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5QM00141B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Addressing the escalating demand for lightweight, highly conductive, thin, large-area, and mechanically flexible materials with high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness, alongside superior electrical and mechanical properties crucial for advanced wireless electronics and next-generation telecommunications (6G), we introduce a novel Cu-deposited basalt fiber fabric (BFF) fabricated <em>via</em> electroless Cu deposition across varying temperatures (room temperature to 60 °C). This material exhibits exceptional EMI shielding performance, achieving 81.7 dB in the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz) at a minimal thickness of approximately 7.69 μm. Furthermore, it demonstrates significantly high electrical conductivity, reaching a peak of 4.81 × 10<small>⁵</small> S m<small>⁻¹</small>, coupled with a low density of 3.08 g cm<small>⁻³</small>, substantially lighter than bulk Cu (8.96 g cm<small>⁻³</small>). The Cu-deposited BFF also possesses excellent mechanical properties, with breaking forces of 665 N (weft) and 3343 N (warp) achieved at the optimized deposition temperature of 50 °C, and superior Joule heating efficiency, reaching temperatures up to 136 °C at an applied voltage of 1.0 V. Integrating lightweight, high strength, thermal stability (up to 950 °C), and electrical conductivity, the Cu-deposited BFF presents itself as a sustainable and high-performance EMI shielding material with significant potential for scalable industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 14","pages":" 2260-2275"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144566820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}