Materials Chemistry Frontiers最新文献

{"title":"Recent breakthroughs in non-conjugated polymers for thermally activated delayed fluorescent OLEDs: emitters, hosts, and hole-transport materials","authors":"Purusottam Reddy Bommireddy, Naresh Mameda, Chandra Sekhar Musalikunta, Young-Woong Lee, Youngsuk Suh, Mallesham Godumala and Si-Hyun Park","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00720D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00720D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Recent advancements in the application of non-conjugated polymers as emitters, host materials, or hole-transport materials have significantly impacted the development of thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Non-conjugated linkers between donors and acceptors (D–σ–A) demonstrate significant importance in OLEDs because they can hinder direct conjugation between the donor and the acceptor, which is advantageous for realizing blue emitters and high-triplet-energy (both hosts and hole-transport) materials. Moreover, TADF small molecules polymerized <em>via</em> a non-conjugated backbone have been proven to be potential polymers for thermally activated delayed fluorescence applications. Non-conjugated polymers used as hosts and hole-transport materials have also been developed, considerably enhancing the device performance of TADF-OLEDs. These polymers represent a highly attractive class of luminescent materials for TADF-OLEDs, offering numerous advantages, such as environmental sustainability, over their conjugated counterparts. In addition to their role in improving device performance, non-conjugated polymers offer tunable energy levels and molecular flexibility, enabling better control over charge transport and exciton dynamics. The versatile structural designs of these polymers make them ideal candidates for multi-functional components in OLEDs, including hybrid materials that combine TADF and other photophysical properties. Consequently, a comprehensive review describing the detailed design strategies along with synthetic routes for these polymers, applied as emitters, hosts, and hole-transport materials in TADF-OLEDs, is essential. Herein, the design tactics, along with the optoelectronic and electroluminescence properties of non-conjugated polymers reported to date, are comprehensively explained. The review concludes by emphasizing the transformative potential of these polymers in the TADF-OLED field and highlights the importance of continued research and development in realizing their full potential. By providing a systematic overview of the current state of research of non-conjugated polymers and identifying key areas for future investigation, this review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and industry professionals working in the organic electronics field.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 3","pages":" 367-402"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-mode regulation of microbial cell membrane permeability for an enhanced microbial cuproptosis-like death pathway†","authors":"Tao Li, Ji Zhang, Boran Wen, Yuheng Wu, Fengyuan Che and Yingshu Guo","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00935E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00935E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Antibiotics are vital for treating microbial infections, but their overuse has led to antibiotic resistance, necessitating new antimicrobial strategies. Nanomaterials with antimicrobial properties were an alternative, like our designed nano-platform CPHG, which consists of PEI-modified graphene oxide and hyaluronic acid-coated copper ion chelated polydopamine. It could affect microbial metabolic activities through mild photothermal stimulation. Additionally, using the sharp, flake-like structure of graphene oxide, this structure could physically disrupt the microbial cell membrane, and change the membrane's permeability, which in turn further enhanced the permeability of the microbial membrane. Membrane damage caused by dual pathways could increase the permeability of the microbial membrane, promoting its absorption of copper ions. The efficiency of photothermal conversion was increased by incorporating copper ions. It also depleted the GSH within microbes, causing lipid peroxidation. Additionally, it induced a toxic stress response in proteins, leading to cuproptosis-like cell death. The CPHG effectively accomplished swift wound recovery in a <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>-infected murine wound model. Furthermore, the application of this strategy to <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em> has also demonstrated excellent antibacterial effects. Hence, CPHG demonstrated promising capabilities in exhibiting wide-range antibacterial efficacy and provided a new approach to addressing the issue of antibiotic resistance. Its unique antimicrobial mechanism reduced the risk of microorganisms developing resistance, offering a new direction for future antimicrobial treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 4","pages":" 618-627"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Releasing trapped excitons in 2D perovskites via pressure annealing: a cooperative interplay between lattice strain and the electronic structure†","authors":"Andre L. M. Freitas, Naidel A. M. S. Caturello, Aryane Tofanello, Ulisses F. Kaneko, Lucas E. Correa, Ricardo D. dos Reis, Fabio F. Ferreira, Gustavo M. Dalpian and Jose A. Souza","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00780H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00780H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Characteristic photon emissions in low-dimensional hybrid perovskites are strongly related to inherent distortions in the crystal lattice. These cooperative distortions, influenced by organic spacers and the confined BX<small>₆</small> octahedral arrangement, allow for the manipulation and control of the emitted photon energy and its nature. Herein, we observed a complex dynamic where photon emissions at both low and high energies emerge, depending on octahedral distortion and the application of hydrostatic pressure. Our results demonstrated that samples featuring different octahedral sizes and distortions but having a common organic spacer (BA<small>₂</small>MAPb<small>₂</small>Br<small>₇</small> and BA<small>₂</small>MAPb<small>₂</small>I<small>₇</small>) showed low-energy photon emission attributed to self-trapped excitons (STEs), which can be tuned towards free exciton (FE) states through pressure annealing. Experimental and theoretical results revealed that octahedral distortions in 2D perovskites played a crucial role in controlling emission, disclosing their complex structure and electronic relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 3","pages":" 507-519"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regioisomeric manipulation of AIE-active photosensitizers towards multidrug-resistant bacterial eradication†","authors":"Meiliang Zhi, Tun Sun, Deliang Wang, Qiying Zeng, Ying Li, Xiang Su, Xing Feng and Ben Zhong Tang","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00908H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00908H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infection is currently one of the pressing threats to human health globally. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) based on AIE-active photosensitizers (PSs) has garnered significant attention as a competitive and promising alternative for microbial elimination because of its noninvasiveness, photoswitchable controllability, and minimal drug resistance. The existing molecular engineering strategies prevailingly focus on the tuning of donor/π bridges and/or peripheral rotors. However, the regional tuning of a positively charged center, as a critical point of photosensitizers (PSs), is of great meaning but still remains rarely reported. Herein, we tactfully developed two benzoquinolizinium-based regioisomeric PSs, <strong>TPA-BQZ-1</strong> and <strong>TPA-BQZ-2</strong>, with differently located positive charge centers. The targeted regioisomers could be obtained through a one-step facile strategy with superior step- and atom-economy, in contrast to the widely developed linear-shaped D–π–A type antibacterial PSs, which require stepwise sequential binding of different functional segments <em>via</em> multi-step coupling reactions. The distinctive molecular structures endowed <strong>TPA-BQZ-1</strong> and <strong>TPA-BQZ-2</strong> with typical AIE features and high-efficiency ROS output ability by both type I and type II pathways. Both regioisomeric PSs could achieve effective MDR bacterial eradication yet dominated by different pathways, highlighting the critical role of the positively charged position in antibacterial PSs. By comparison, the antibacterial performance of <strong>TPA-BQZ-1</strong> is dominated by phototoxicity. Conversely, the intrinsic dark toxicity of <strong>TPA-BQZ-2</strong> exerted a great influence on the antibacterial efficiency, maybe stemming from the strong membrane interaction and the resulting membrane permeability. This study demonstrates an ingenious regioisomeric engineering strategy and offers useful guidance for the development of advanced antibacterial agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 3","pages":" 496-506"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulated dual defects of ligand defects and lattice defects in UIO-66 for ultra-trace simultaneous detection and removal of heavy metal ions†","authors":"Dahui An, Shan Jin, Junhua Zheng, Mubai Liao and Long Chen","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00920G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00920G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Exploring multifunctional absorbents for the concurrent detection and elimination of heavy metal ions (HMIs) presents a significant challenge. In this study, dual defective bimetallic metal–organic framework materials (D-D-UIO-66) are synthesized by the solvothermal method. The incorporation of an acid and Ce<small>³⁺</small> simultaneously introduces ligand defects and lattice defects, which provides a massive defective synergistic effect to enhance the intrinsic properties of D-D-UIO-66. D-D-UIO-66 can simultaneously detect Pb(<small>II</small>), Cd(<small>II</small>), Hg(<small>II</small>), and Cu(<small>II</small>), exhibiting high sensitivities of 15.209, 10.092, 2.829, and 1.347 μA μM<small>⁻¹</small>, respectively. D-D-UIO-66 also demonstrate excellent stability and anti-interference capabilities, and it has been effectively applied in real water environments. On the other hand, D-D-UIO-66 can remove Pb(<small>II</small>) from the water environment and achieve a maximum adsorption of 667.04 mg g<small>⁻¹</small>. The mechanisms behind the electrochemical detection and adsorption activities of D-D-UIO-66 are explored, which reveal that the synergistic interplay between distinct defects enhances the electronic microstructure, consequently boosting both electrochemical detection and adsorption capabilities. This study presents a strategy for multifunctional adsorbents, advancing the understanding of defect engineering and its influence on the fundamental mechanisms of material behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 2","pages":" 308-317"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A noble-metal-free electrocatalytic system for direct synthesis of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl solids in aqueous solution†","authors":"Tianyu Shao, Jialu Li, Chao Wang and Ren Su","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00867G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00867G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The α,β-unsaturated carbonyls are important precursors in pharmaceuticals, plastics, and lubricants. While traditional condensation of aldehydes and ketones requires extensive separation due to unwanted self-condensation of carbonyls, oxidative condensation of alcohols requires organic solvents and costly homogeneous catalysts. Electrochemical oxidative condensation of alcohols provides an alternative solution for the synthesis of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, yet the performance needs to be enhanced for practical applications. Here, we present a two-electrode system for oxidative condensation of alcohols in aqueous KOH electrolyte, which enables direct synthesis and collection of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl solids under ambient conditions using low-cost electrocatalysts. The anode is a calcined NiFe layered double hydroxide (LDH), which promotes the oxidation of alcohols and avoids the oxygen evolution reaction from water oxidation at a low bias. The cathode is a CuFe-LDH that displays a decent HER performance and avoids the hydrogenation of the generated product. Additionally, the basic electrolyte accelerates the condensation of carbonyl intermediates into corresponding α,β-unsaturated carbonyl solids. The system only requires a voltage of 1.6 V for the synthesis of a variety of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls, rendering it a promising solution for sustainable synthesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 3","pages":" 460-467"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Hydrogen bond locks” promoted exciton dissociation and carrier separation in copolymers for enhancing uranyl photoreduction†","authors":"Yiping Liu, Mei Xu, Mengxiong Lin, Maomao Zhao, Guihong Wu, Fangru Song, Yan Liu, Chengrong Zhang, Fengtao Yu and Jianding Qiu","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00869C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00869C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Achieving uranyl photoreduction using copolymers with low exciton binding energy (<em>E</em><small>_b</small>) from radioactive wastewater holds great promise, but is extremely challenging. Side chain engineering offers more opportunities for developing new copolymers with lower <em>E</em><small>_b</small>. However, the introduction of side chains is not completely “painless” and often leads to molecular skeleton distortions, which significantly reduce photocatalytic activity. Herein, a promising strategy is employed to balance the twisted structures by enabling “hydrogen bond locks” on the side chains, thereby promoting exciton dissociation and enhancing uranyl photoreduction. As a proof of concept, two conjugated polymers with identical poly(benzene-benzothiadiazole) backbones but different side chains (methyl and methoxy) on the benzene ring are investigated. These variations in side chains greatly impact the optical gap, electronic structure, and exciton dissociation of the polymers. Through the intramolecular noncovalent O⋯H interactions between the oxygen atoms in methoxy groups and the adjacent hydrogen atoms in benzothiadiazole units, the methoxy functionalized copolymer (CP-OMe) with minimized <em>E</em><small>_b</small> exhibits an exceptional uranium extraction capacity of 946.5 mg g<small>⁻¹</small> without adding any sacrificial agent, surpassing those of most currently reported polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 3","pages":" 468-479"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A general strategy for enhancing the photoluminescence of TMD quantum sheets†","authors":"Zhangqiang Li, Xuanping Zhou, Ce Zhao, Liuyang Xiao and Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00903G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00903G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) quantum sheets (QSs) with intrinsic characteristics promise new research topics and applications. However, their absolute photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) is far from being satisfactory. Herein, we report a general PL enhancement strategy based on passivation with polar solvent. The edge-passivated TMD QSs demonstrate solid-state fluorescence with high PLQYs. The material diversity of the passivation strategy is testified by using tungsten disulfide (WS<small>₂</small>), molybdenum diselenide (MoSe<small>₂</small>), bismuth selenide (Bi<small>₂</small>Se<small>₃</small>), and tungsten diselenide (WSe<small>₂</small>) as examples. Particularly, the passivated WS<small>₂</small> QSs (P-WS<small>₂</small> QSs) in poly(methyl methacrylate) exhibit an exceedingly high PLQY of 27.7% compared with that (4.1%) of the intrinsic WS<small>₂</small> QSs. Furthermore, the P-WS<small>₂</small> QSs are utilized in commercial light-emitting diodes (LEDs), enabling white-light emission which can be filtered into a sharp, blue emission, thus they function as highly luminescent blue LEDs. Note that the intrinsic WS<small>₂</small> QSs are almost inert to commercial LEDs, which in turn indicates the unique contribution of the P-WS<small>₂</small> QSs. Our work highlights the great potential of passivated TMD QSs in applications such as LEDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 3","pages":" 487-495"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing cation defects through selective etching of tetrahedral sites in Co3O4 for an enhanced oxygen evolution reaction†","authors":"Xiaotian Wu, Qian Zhu, Yingge Cong, Zhibin Geng, Keke Huang, Mei Han and Zhiyu Shao","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00823E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00823E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Herein, Zn was introduced to regulate the tetrahedral coordination of Co<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small> and then leached out <em>via</em> alkaline impregnation. Experimental characterization indicated that the generation of tetrahedral defects significantly enhanced the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. Theoretical calculations showed that these selective defects endowed the adsorption sites with a moderate d-band center, thus optimizing the binding strength of intermediates.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 3","pages":" 445-450"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piezoelectric catalysis for antibacterial applications","authors":"Fanqing Meng, Chenxi Guo, Tianchen Cui, Mingyang Xu, Xiaxia Chen, Hongwei Xu, Chao Liu and Shaowei Chen","doi":"10.1039/D4QM00848K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4QM00848K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Efficient conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy through piezoelectric catalysis has found diverse applications, such as sterilization, water treatment, organic synthesis, and biomass conversion. Among these, antibacterial agents based on piezoelectrically active materials have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial diseases and remediation of water pollution caused by bacterial pathogens, with no bacterial resistance and side effects because of their fast and effective bactericidal actions. Herein, the general mechanisms of piezoelectric catalysis are reviewed, and commonly used piezoelectric antibacterial agents are highlighted, including semiconductors (metal oxides, metal sulfides, and ceramics), heterojunction composites (<em>e.g.</em>, metal–semiconductor heterojunctions and semiconductor–semiconductor heterojunctions), and organic piezoelectric materials. Leading strategies for further enhancement of the materials’ piezoelectric properties are also discussed, such as doping, compositing, and structural coupling. We conclude the review with a summary of the remaining challenges and a perspective for future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":86,"journal":{"name":"Materials Chemistry Frontiers","volume":" 2","pages":" 171-188"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}