Behavioral and Brain Sciences最新文献_第8页

Historical myths promote cooperation through affective states. 历史神话通过情感状态促进合作。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000700

Caleb Wildes, Kristin Andrews

引用次数: 0

Past glories feel good but creative minorities push us forward. 过去的辉煌让人感觉良好，但有创造力的少数群体推动着我们前进。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000773

James C Kaufman, Todd B Kashdan, Patrick E McKnight

引用次数: 0

The social cognitive evolution of myths: Collective narratives of shared pasts as markers for coalitions' communicative and cooperative prowess. 神话的社会认知进化：作为联盟沟通和合作能力标志的共同过去的集体叙述。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000761

Wouter Wolf

引用次数: 0

Myths and fitness interdependence: Beyond coalitional longevity. 神话和健康相互依赖：超越联盟寿命。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000797

Rachel Z Friedman

引用次数: 0

Romantic Relationships Matter More to Men than to Women. 恋爱关系对男人比对女人更重要。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24001365

Iris V Wahring, Jeffry A Simpson, Paul A M Van Lange

引用次数: 0

Children as agents of cultural adaptation. 儿童作为文化适应的代理人。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24001377

Sheina Lew-Levy, Dorsa Amir

{"title":"Children as agents of cultural adaptation.","authors":"Sheina Lew-Levy, Dorsa Amir","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24001377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24001377","url":null,"abstract":"The human capacity for culture is a key determinant of our success as a species. While much work has examined adults' abilities to create and transmit cultural knowledge, relatively less work has focused on the role of children (approx. 3-17 years) in this important process. In the cases where children are acknowledged, they are largely portrayed as acquirers of cultural knowledge from adults, rather than cultural producers in their own right. In this paper, we bring attention to the important role that children play in cultural adaptation by highlighting the structure, function, and ubiquity of the large body of knowledge produced and transmitted by children, known as peer culture. Supported by evidence from diverse disciplines, we argue that children are independent producers and maintainers of these autonomous cultures, which exist with regularity across diverse societies, and persist despite compounding threats. Critically, we argue peer cultures are a source of community knowledge diversity, encompassing both material and immaterial knowledge related to geography, ecology, subsistence, norms, and language. Through a number of case studies, we further argue that peer culture products and associated practices - including exploration, learning, and the retention of abandoned adult cultural traits - may help populations adapt to changing ecological and social conditions, contribute to community resilience, and even produce new cultural communities. We end by highlighting the pressing need for research to more carefully investigate children's roles as active agents in cultural adaptation.","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-68"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142891607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cognitive Representations of Social Relationships and their Developmental Origins. 社会关系的认知表征及其发展起源。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24001328

Ashley J Thomas

{"title":"Cognitive Representations of Social Relationships and their Developmental Origins.","authors":"Ashley J Thomas","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24001328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24001328","url":null,"abstract":"In the human mind, what is a social relationship, and what are the developmental origins of this representation? I consider findings from infant psychology and propose that our representations of social relationships are intuitive theories built on core knowledge. I propose three central components of this intuitive theory. The purpose of the first component is to recognize whether a relationship exists, the purpose of the second is to characterize the relationship by categorizing it into a model and to compute its strength (i.e., intensity, pull, or thickness), and the purpose of the third is to understand how to change relationships through explicit or implicit communication. I propose that infants possess core knowledge on which this intuitive theory is built. This paper focuses on the second component and considers evidence that infants characterize relationships. Following Relational Models Theory (A. P. Fiske, 1992, 2004) I propose that from infancy humans recognize relationships that belong to three models: communal sharing (where people are 'one'), authority ranking (where people are ranked), and equality matching (where people are separate, but evenly balanced). I further propose that humans, and potentially infants, recognize a relationship's strength which can be thought of as a continuous representation of obligations (the extent to which certain actions are expected), and commitment (the likelihood that people will continue the relationship). These representations and the assumption that others share them allow us to form, maintain, and change social relationships throughout our lives by informing how we interpret and evaluate the actions of others and plan our own.","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-53"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Two tiers, not one: Different sources of extrinsic mortality have opposing effects on life history traits. 两层，而不是一层：不同的外在死亡率对生命史特征的影响截然相反。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24001316

Bruce J Ellis, Brie M Reid, Karen L Kramer

{"title":"Two tiers, not one: Different sources of extrinsic mortality have opposing effects on life history traits.","authors":"Bruce J Ellis, Brie M Reid, Karen L Kramer","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24001316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24001316","url":null,"abstract":"Guided by concepts from life history (LH) theory, a large human research literature has tested the hypothesis that exposures to extrinsic mortality (EM) promote the development of faster LH strategies (e.g., earlier/faster reproduction, higher offspring number). A competing model proposes that, because EM in the past was intimately linked to energetic constraints, such exposures specifically led to the development of slower LH strategies. We empirically address this debate by examining (1) LH variation among small-scale societies under different environmental conditions; (2) country-, regional- and community-level correlations between ecological conditions, mortality, maturational timing, and fertility; (3) individual-level correlations between this same set of factors; and (4) natural experiments leveraging the impact of externally-caused changes in mortality on LH traits. Partially supporting each model, we found that harsh conditions encompassing energetic stress and ambient cues to EM (external cues received through sensory systems) have countervailing effects on the development of LH strategies, both delaying pubertal maturation and promoting an accelerated pace of reproduction and higher offspring number. We conclude that, although energetics are fundamental to many developmental processes, providing a first tier of environmental influence, this first tier alone cannot explain these countervailing effects. An important second tier of environmental influence is afforded by ambient cues to EM. We advance a 2-tiered model that delineates this second tier and its central role in regulating development of LH strategies. Consideration of the first and second tier together is necessary to account for the observed countervailing shifts toward both slower and faster LH traits.","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-75"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resource-rational contractualism: A triple theory of moral cognition. 资源理性契约论：道德认知的三重理论。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24001067

Sydney Levine, Nick Chater, Joshua B Tenenbaum, Fiery Cushman

{"title":"Resource-rational contractualism: A triple theory of moral cognition.","authors":"Sydney Levine, Nick Chater, Joshua B Tenenbaum, Fiery Cushman","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24001067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24001067","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely agreed upon that morality guides people with conflicting interests towards agreements of mutual benefit. We therefore might expect numerous proposals for organizing human moral cognition around the logic of bargaining, negotiation, and agreement. Yet, while \"contractualist\" ideas play an important role in moral philosophy, they are starkly underrepresented in the field of moral psychology. From a contractualist perspective, ideal moral judgments are those that would be agreed to by rational bargaining agents-an idea with wide-spread support in philosophy, psychology, economics, biology, and cultural evolution. As a practical matter, however, investing time and effort in negotiating every interpersonal interaction is unfeasible. Instead, we propose, people use abstractions and heuristics to efficiently identify mutually beneficial arrangements. We argue that many well-studied elements of our moral minds, such as reasoning about others' utilities (\"consequentialist\" reasoning) or evaluating intrinsic ethical properties of certain actions (\"deontological\" reasoning), can be naturally understood as resource-rational approximations of a contractualist ideal. Moreover, this view explains the flexibility of our moral minds-how our moral rules and standards get created, updated and overridden and how we deal with novel cases we have never seen before. Thus, the apparently fragmentary nature of our moral psychology-commonly described in terms of systems in conflict-can be largely unified around the principle of finding mutually beneficial agreements under resource constraint. Our resulting \"triple theory\" of moral cognition naturally integrates contractualist, consequentialist and deontological concerns.","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-38"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A multi-trait embodied framework for the evolution of brains and cognition across animal phyla. 跨动物门类大脑和认知进化的多特征体现框架。

IF 16.6 1区心理学

Behavioral and Brain Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X24000335

Sheryl Coombs, Michael Trestman

{"title":"A multi-trait embodied framework for the evolution of brains and cognition across animal phyla.","authors":"Sheryl Coombs, Michael Trestman","doi":"10.1017/S0140525X24000335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0140525X24000335","url":null,"abstract":"Among non-human animals, crows, octopuses and honeybees are well-known for their complex brains and cognitive abilities. Widening the lens from the idiosyncratic abilities of exemplars like these to those of animals across the phylogenetic spectrum begins to reveal the ancient evolutionary process by which complex brains and cognition first arose in different lineages. The distribution of 35 phenotypic traits in 17 metazoan lineages reveals that brain and cognitive complexity in only three lineages (vertebrates, cephalopod mollusks, and euarthropods) can be attributed to the pivotal role played by body, sensory, brain and motor traits in active visual sensing and visuomotor skills. Together, these pivotal traits enabled animals to transition from largely reactive to more proactive behaviors, and from slow and two-dimensional motion to more rapid and complex three-dimensional motion. Among pivotal traits, high-resolution eyes and laminated visual regions of the brain stand out because they increased the processing demands on and the computational power of the brain by several orders of magnitude. The independent acquisition of pivotal traits in cognitively complex (CC) lineages can be explained as the completion of several multi-trait transitions over the course of evolutionary history, each resulting in an increasing level of complexity that arises from a distinct combination of traits. Whereas combined pivotal traits represent the highest level of complexity in CC lineages, combined traits at lower levels characterize many non-CC lineages, suggesting that certain body, sensory and brain traits may have been linked (the trait-linkage hypothesis) during the evolution of both CC and non-CC lineages.","PeriodicalId":8698,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1-52"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0