Australian Veterinary Journal最新文献

{"title":"Hyperkalaemia during a general anaesthetic in a 5-year-old domestic short-haired cat.","authors":"T Kurniawan, R Nilsen, R Ong, E A Drynan","doi":"10.1111/avj.13420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13420","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case report details an incident of hyperkalaemia that developed under general anaesthesia in a domestic cat with no prior health concerns. A 5-year-old male neutered domestic short-haired cat presented for dental extractions and subsequently developed severe bradycardia and electrocardiographic abnormalities during the procedure. Initial treatment with atropine provided limited improvement, and further investigation revealed a serum potassium concentration of 7.7 mmol/L. Despite interventions, the anaesthetic procedure was aborted due to persistent hyperkalaemia. The cat recovered smoothly postoperatively with complete resolution of hyperkalaemia. This case highlights the importance of monitoring serum potassium levels and electrocardiographic changes in anaesthetised feline patients. Anaesthesia-associated hyperkalaemia in domestic cats is a condition that is under-recognised in Australia. Future studies should focus on the mechanisms behind this electrolyte disturbance, as well as establishing preventive measures and management protocols during general anaesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143021835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors that influence the decision to release rehabilitated koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) to fire-affected home sites.","authors":"D Hill, D P Higgins","doi":"10.1111/avj.13413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study appraises recent research to critically evaluate knowledge on the factors that influence decisions around the release of rehabilitated koalas to fire-affected home sites. Availability of koala release sites could be compromised at times in the future by the increasing incidence of large and intense bushfires due to climate change. In addition, factors such as the fragmentation of koala habitat and increasing urbanisation impose other threats to the long-term survival of the released koala. Our investigation is conducted as a Critically Appraised Topic (CAT) with eight papers selected to be appraised. We highlight three key areas that affect koala rehabilitation and release to fire-affected home sites - the resilience of the koala in recovery, the adaptation ability of the koala upon release and the components of the fire-affected habitat. The evidence shows that the koala is a good candidate for release given that burnt koalas are resilient in rehabilitation and many can recover and then adapt quickly to their release site. Findings from this study indicate that, when the release site is affected by fire, the conditions that are more favourable for koala release are low severity of fire impact, greater distance from urban areas, connection to unfragmented habitat and previous management of predators. These findings can inform wildlife release and rescue as well as government planning and urban development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian guidelines for equine internal parasite management","authors":"A Beasley,&nbsp;G Abbas,&nbsp;K Hughes,&nbsp;C El-Hage,&nbsp;C Jacobson,&nbsp;J Bauquier,&nbsp;E Wilkes,&nbsp;P Carrigan,&nbsp;L Cudmore,&nbsp;J Hurley,&nbsp;I Beveridge,&nbsp;M Nielsen,&nbsp;A Jabbar","doi":"10.1111/avj.13424","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13424","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the past few decades, the emergence of resistance amongst intestinal parasites of horses to all available anthelmintic classes has emphasised the need for a paradigm shift in parasite control approaches within the Australian equine industry. Findings of a recent Australia-wide research project have provided new insights into intestinal parasites (i.e. strongyles and ascarids) and parasite control from the perspectives of Australian horse breeders and equine veterinarians. The published data have revealed recent trends in parasite prevalence and distribution, breeders' and veterinarians' attitudes and perspectives on controlling horse internal parasites, the efficacy of commonly used anthelmintic products and post-treatment egg reappearance periods. These studies have formed the basis of newly developed guidelines managing and treating gastrointestinal nematodes in horses. Tailored for equine veterinarians, these guidelines contain information on target parasites and risk factors for their transmission, as well as practical advice for surveillance, anthelmintic choice, timing of treatment, testing for anthelmintic resistance and managing refugia. The Australian Guidelines for Equine Internal Parasite Management (AGEIPM) will serve as a pocket companion for equine veterinarians, providing best-practice recommendations grounded in locally conducted scientific research. Dissemination and extension of the AGEIPM to industry will strengthen the client–practitioner relationship. The aim is to reduce reliance on blanket deworming in equine parasite management programs and help curb the progression of resistance to the limited anthelmintic classes available for treating horses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 4","pages":"151-158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avj.13424","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moral conflict and moral distress in veterinarians: a mixed-methods approach.","authors":"Aia Montoya, S M Matthew, M L McArthur, A Jarden","doi":"10.1111/avj.13408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Veterinary professionals are often confronted with moral conflicts from which moral distress can develop. Moral distress can lead to a cascade of deleterious processes and outcomes including emotional anguish, distress, reduced patient care, and attrition from both the workplace and workforce. The current study established a pilot measure for moral distress in Australian veterinary clinicians, as well as reporting additional sources of moral and ethical conflicts in veterinary practice. The pilot scale was based on adapting the Measure of Moral Distress for Healthcare Professionals (MMD-HP) to the veterinary context and analysing responses from 643 veterinarians in Australia to create the Measure of Moral Distress for Veterinary Clinicians (MMD-VC). The MMD-VC comprised three sub-scales: (1) team communications that compromise patient care, (2) conflicting client interactions and (3) situations perceived as a personal threat. The additional sources of moral and ethical conflict that were reported by respondents to an open-ended survey question reflected two themes: (1) Animal Health, where the conflict arises from the effect of a situation on the animal patient and (2) Human Interactions, where the conflict relates to interpersonal relationships rather than to the animal patient. The results contribute towards developing comprehensive measures of moral and ethical conflict in clinical practice, and these measures can inform and evaluate intervention strategies designed to mitigate the harmful effects of moral distress in veterinarians.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Footrot in sheep and goats: a case study.","authors":"S M Robertson, M B Allworth","doi":"10.1111/avj.13414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This observational study highlights the apparent lower severity of footrot in goats compared with sheep, the risk of false negative results from elastase tests, the need to clean contractors' equipment between properties and indicates the potential use of kidding (or lambing) time and individual mob biosecurity in managing footrot.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding how on-farm biosecurity perceptions and practices of New South Wales sheep producers have been impacted by the 2022 foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in Indonesia.","authors":"J Graham, L Hayes, J Manyweathers, J Fountain, M Hernandez-Jover","doi":"10.1111/avj.13422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly infectious transboundary emergency animal disease posing a significant threat to the global economy. Australia strengthened border security following the 2022 FMD outbreak in Indonesia allocating resources to promote biosecurity awareness and engagement. This study qualitatively investigated the impact of this extension on the biosecurity perceptions and practices of sheep producers in New South Wales, Australia. Eighteen sheep producers participated in semi-structured interviews during August-September 2023. Thematic analysis revealed biosecurity to be perceived as important for industry and enterprise productivity; however, on-farm biosecurity practices were mostly associated solely with bioexclusion. Seven producers engaged directly with post-Indonesian FMD outbreak extension and reported increased FMD awareness. Changes to on-farm biosecurity were made by half the participants following the 2022 Indonesian FMD outbreak, with three of these having received extension engagement. The main explanations for lack of change were the perceptions that no change to disease risk had occurred, that current practices adequately mitigated risk and that change would be impractical. Future studies aimed at further understanding the factors that influence both the immediate and long-term effectiveness of extension activities would be beneficial to the development of future biosecurity extension and policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient signalment and aetiology of hypercortisolism in Australian dogs with Cushing's syndrome","authors":"KFA Langner,&nbsp;SF Foster,&nbsp;BC Duff","doi":"10.1111/avj.13416","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13416","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patient characteristics of Cushing's syndrome differ between countries and have not been assessed in the Australian dog population. This study describes signalment and distribution of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent hypercortisolism (ADH) and ACTH-independent hypercortisolism (AIH) in Australian dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two-hundred client-owned dogs that had endogenous ACTH concentrations measured by radioimmunoassay.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Animals with Cushing's syndrome were identified from laboratory accessions and signalment details recorded. Dogs were classified as having ADH or AIH based on their endogenous ACTH concentration and, if equivocal, by additional data obtained from medical records.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dogs had a median age of 11 years (range 3.5–18) and median body weight of 8.6 kg (2.5–50.8) with 67% of dogs weighing &lt;10 kg and 83% &lt;20 kg. The majority were female (62%) and neutered (91%). Maltese dogs comprised 19% of the study population and were over-represented relative to the general dog population. Dogs of this breed were diagnosed at an earlier age than other breeds and crosses. One hundred and eighty seven of 200 dogs (93.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 89.1–96.4) were diagnosed with ADH and 5 dogs (2.5%; 95% CI: 0–0.05) with AIH; an aetiology could not be established for the remaining dogs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Australian dogs with Cushing's syndrome were mostly small breed dogs and almost exclusively had ADH. Maltese dogs were frequently affected and developed the disease earlier in life compared with other breeds. These data can facilitate identification of Australian dogs at risk for the disease and assist in diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 4","pages":"206-214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe oesophagitis and oesophageal stricture secondary to anaphylaxis in a dog.","authors":"Lch Bielby, M Woodforde, N Kalnins","doi":"10.1111/avj.13421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/avj.13421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report describes the development of oesophagitis and oesophageal stricture in a dog secondary to anaphylaxis. A 9-month-old male entire Brussels Griffon presented in anaphylactic shock after exposure to Hymenoptera species (Sp). The dog had a history of an anaphylactic reaction after exposure to Hymenoptera, successfully managed with antihistamines and dexamethasone. On this presentation, the dog was vomiting, lethargic, hypotensive and hyperlactatemic, with a mild elevation in serum alanine transaminase (ALT) concentration and gall bladder wall oedema. An adrenaline constant rate infusion was required for 48 h; however, persistent vomiting and regurgitation occurred despite prokinetic and antiemetic therapy. The dog developed hypersalivation and discomfort around the neck on day 6 of hospitalisation. Oesophagitis was suspected and confirmed by endoscopic examination. The dog remained in hospital for a total of 10 days with a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube (PEG) placed. He was discharged and managed as an outpatient for 1 month while deescalating therapy and could not eat orally during this time. Repeat endoscopy and an oesophagogram performed 5 weeks post-discharge revealed a 2 mm oesophageal stricture 9.8 mm in length proximal to the lower oesophageal sphincter. The dog required four endoscopic guided ballooning procedures before the oesophageal diameter was deemed acceptable. After the first procedure, the dog could eat orally and gastrointestinal signs resolved. His PEG tube was removed after the fifth endoscope, 93 days from initial presentation, and further ballooning was not required. Gastrointestinal signs are commonly seen with anaphylaxis; however, these are usually self-limiting. This was the first description in the veterinary literature of severe oesophagitis and stricture formation secondary to anaphylaxis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of risk factors for canine leptospirosis and seropositivity in New South Wales, Australia","authors":"C Griebsch,&nbsp;N Kirkwood,&nbsp;JM Norris,&nbsp;MP Ward","doi":"10.1111/avj.13411","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13411","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to identify and compare risk factors associated with canine leptospirosis and <i>Leptospira</i> seropositivity in New South Wales, Australia. Seventy-nine canine cases of confirmed leptospirosis (clinical cases) and 16 healthy dogs seropositive to <i>Leptospira</i> (seropositive cases) were included in the study; these were separately compared to 394 healthy dogs seronegative to <i>Leptospira</i> (controls) in at-risk areas. A questionnaire investigated rat contact, stagnant water, dog park access and household number of dogs and cats. Associations between these factors, signalment and risk of leptospirosis or <i>Leptospira</i> seropositivity were screened using Pearson Chi-Square test and logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios of association. Significantly associated with both leptospirosis risk and seropositivity risk was rat contact (P &lt; 0.01) which increased the risk 4.3- and 4.5-fold, respectively. Other factors significantly associated with leptospirosis risk were breed (P &lt; 0.01) and age (P &lt; 0.01). Being a herding dog or Terrier increased leptospirosis risk 27.2-fold and 8-fold, respectively and being a young adult dog increased leptospirosis risk 3.9-fold. Frequenting dog parks decreased leptospirosis risk (OR 0.12). In contrast, no other significant risk factors were identified for seropositivity risk. Exposure to <i>Leptospira</i> through contact with reservoir hosts resulted in seropositivity as well as clinical leptospirosis. However, host factors like breed and age seem to be important factors in determining if exposure results in clinical disease. Increased urbanisation and landscape fragmentation could result in increased exposure to reservoir hosts. Environmental sampling is needed to identify sources of infection. Risk mitigation includes reducing contact with reservoir hosts and contaminated environments and increased pest control.</p>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 3","pages":"106-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142969491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Para-aminopropiophenone toxicity in domestic dogs: a description of non-target toxicosis in Victoria, Australia: 13 dogs (2016–2023)","authors":"R Llewellyn,&nbsp;J Cotela,&nbsp;C Lauinger,&nbsp;M Blevins,&nbsp;A Tudor,&nbsp;M Ray,&nbsp;S Ciaravolo,&nbsp;E Tudor","doi":"10.1111/avj.13405","DOIUrl":"10.1111/avj.13405","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PAPP is widely used in Australia as a potent vertebrate bait, with potential for off-target ingestion and poisoning in domestic dogs. Whilst toxicosis and resulting methaemoglobinaemia is anecdotally known to occur, this is the first description in the literature. This study reports thirteen clinical cases of suspected Para-aminopropiophenone (PAPP) toxicity in dogs, with the aim of describing clinical presentation and current management of toxicosis in this species.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case report</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three veterinary clinics in Victoria provided records of dogs where PAPP toxicity was the likely diagnosis (considering regional exposure, historical information and clinicopathological findings). Pertinent case data was described, and inferences made, based on commonalities and differences. Acute collapse, vomiting and cyanotic or brown mucous membranes were the most common presenting complaints. Marker beads associated with bait were identified in stomach contents from two dogs. All dogs received intravenous methylene blue (MB) with a mean initial dose of 3.8 mg/kg. A higher initial dose of MB (5mg/kg) was associated with a more rapid decline in methaemoglobin concentration. The mean hospitalisation time was 1.6 days with a 77% survival to discharge.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case series enhances our understanding of the clinical presentation of PAPP toxicity in dogs, and response to treatment with MB. It highlights the consideration of PAPP toxicosis based on clinicopathological findings, even when definitive ingestion (i.e. presence of marker beads) cannot be established. Furthermore, it contributes to our knowledge of MB administration and suggests a fair prognosis for survival of PAPP toxicosis with prompt recognition and treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8661,"journal":{"name":"Australian Veterinary Journal","volume":"103 4","pages":"215-223"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/avj.13405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142963702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}