Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Pornography exposure and access among young Australians: a cross-sectional study","authors":"Maree Crabbe ,&nbsp;Michael Flood ,&nbsp;Kelsey Adams","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This article aims to explore the extent and nature of Australian young people’s pornography exposure and access.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Cross-sectional online survey of 1,985 young Australians aged 15–20 years, nationally representative of a range of demographics.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Exposure to pornography was reported by 86% of male and 69% of female participants. Most exposure occurred when participants were alone and at home, regardless of gender. Young men were more likely than young women to seek pornography out and to view it frequently, with over half (54%) of male participants reporting weekly use compared with 14% of female participants. On average, boys and young men saw pornography 3.2 years before their first partnered sexual experience, and girls and young women saw it 2.0 years before theirs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>It is common for young people to see pornography years before their first partnered sexual experience.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>Unintentional and deliberate exposure to pornography is common and frequent among young people. Public health strategies among young people are necessary to address the potential harms associated with pornography use, including gender-based violence and risky sexual practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000104/pdfft?md5=98003bb2e6ad0fc4576012e8dbe21f45&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000104-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140179285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian children’s physical activity and screen time while in grandparental care","authors":"Michelle I. Jongenelis ,&nbsp;Timothy Budden ,&nbsp;Ben Jackson ,&nbsp;Hayley Christian ,&nbsp;Andrea Nathan ,&nbsp;David Coall ,&nbsp;Emma Glassenbury","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The objective of this study was to explore Australian children’s engagement in physical activity and screen time while being cared for by their grandparents.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Grandparents (N = 1,190) providing ≥3 hours of weekly care to a grandchild aged 3–14 years completed an online survey assessing their grandchildren’s movement behaviours while in their care. Descriptive statistics were computed for frequency of engagement in unstructured and structured physical activities, minutes spent playing outdoors, and minutes spent engaged in screen time. Regression analyses were conducted to assess socio-demographic predictors of movement behaviours.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Playing in the yard was the most common form of physical activity in which grandchildren reportedly participated (77% ‘usually’ or ‘always’), followed by playing with toys/equipment (62%). Few (14–36%) frequently engaged in active transport. Children spent an average of 181 minutes per week engaged in screen-based activities.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There is an opportunity to improve children’s movement behaviours while in grandparental care. Communicating to grandparents their importance in supporting an active lifestyle is warranted.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>Findings highlight the importance of creating environments that facilitate play-based, outdoor activities. Ensuring children have access to play equipment while in the care of grandparents and improving access to and quality of neighbourhood parks may assist with activity promotion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000219/pdfft?md5=1d4a679e7cbad8310de7dca665978478&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000219-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141075210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Answering tough questions: Why is qualitative research essential for public health?","authors":"Lindsay P. Allen,&nbsp;Christine Kelly,&nbsp;Andrew R. Hatala","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000323/pdfft?md5=63fc73d37bf19587ebd27aee615ef973&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000323-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141095168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of content from across contemporary Australian population health surveys","authors":"Branislava Godic ,&nbsp;Selin Akaraci ,&nbsp;Rajith Vidanaarachchi ,&nbsp;Kerry Nice ,&nbsp;Sachith Seneviratne ,&nbsp;Suzanne Mavoa ,&nbsp;Ruth Hunter ,&nbsp;Leandro Garcia ,&nbsp;Mark Stevenson ,&nbsp;Jasper Wijnands ,&nbsp;Jason Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Associations between place and population health are of interest to researchers and policymakers. The objective of this paper is to explore, summarise and compare content across contemporary Australian geo-referenced population health survey data sets.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A search for recent (2015 or later) population health surveys from within Australia containing geographic information from participants was conducted. Survey response frames were analysed and categorised based on demographic, risk factor and disease-related characteristics. Analysis using interactive Sankey diagrams shows the extent of content overlap and differences between population health surveys in Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Thirteen Australian geo-referenced population health survey data sets were identified. Information captured across surveys was inconsistent as was the spatial granularity of respondent information. Health and demographic features most frequently captured were symptoms, signs and clinical findings from the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems version 11, employment, housing, income, self-rated health and risk factors, including alcohol consumption, diet, medical treatments, physical activity and weight-related questions. Sankey diagrams were deployed online for use by public health researchers.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Identifying the relationship between place and health in Australia is made more difficult by inconsistencies in information collected across surveys deployed in different regions in Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>Public health research investigating place and health involves a vast and inconsistent patchwork of information within and across states, which may impact broad-scale research questions. The tools developed here assist public health researchers to identify surveys suitable for their research queries related to place and health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S132602002400027X/pdfft?md5=8ee743f18915ad3a9bc138b64b7090d0&pid=1-s2.0-S132602002400027X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Māori and Pacific families’ experiences and perspectives of cardiovascular care; A qualitative study","authors":"Karen Marie Brewer ,&nbsp;Tua Taueetia-Su’a ,&nbsp;Sandra Hanchard ,&nbsp;Sione Vaka ,&nbsp;Shanthi Ameratunga ,&nbsp;Taria Tane ,&nbsp;Rochelle Newport ,&nbsp;Vanessa Selak ,&nbsp;Corina Grey ,&nbsp;Matire Harwood","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aimed to understand the reasons behind evidence-practice gaps and inequities in cardiovascular care for Māori and Pacific people, as evidenced by the experiences and perspectives of patients and their families.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The research was guided by Māori and Pacific worldviews, incorporating Kaupapa Māori Theory and Pacific conceptual frameworks and research methodologies. Template analysis was used to analyse interview data from 61 Māori and Pacific people who had experienced a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment, acute coronary syndrome, and/or heart failure.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The range of experiences relating to participants’ heart health journeys are presented in five main themes: Context, Mana (maintaining control and dignity), Condition, People and Journey.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Māori and Pacific people want to take charge of their heart health but face challenges. Participants described important obligations to family, community and tikanga (the culturally correct way of doing things). Participants described times when health care undermined existing responsibilities, their dignity and/or their mana, and they felt excluded from treatment as a result.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>Good reciprocal communication, stemming from a high-quality relationship is essential for successful outcomes. A workforce that is representative of the population it serves and is culturally safe lays the foundation for excellence in care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"Article 100149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000244/pdfft?md5=8afa53320aa3a49eaf4da77a2011394a&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000244-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140907983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Counting culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) children in Australian health research: Does it matter how we count?","authors":"Razlyn Abdul Rahim ,&nbsp;Rhiannon Pilkington ,&nbsp;Katina D’Onise ,&nbsp;Alicia Montgomerie ,&nbsp;John Lynch","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To describe how culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) children are identified and enumerated in routine data collections and in child health research in Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Descriptive analysis, where different definitions of CALD were applied to the 2021 Australian Census to measure the size of the CALD population of Australian children aged 0 to 17 years. Narrative review of the Australian child health literature to examine how CALD children were defined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Applying various definitions to the 2021 Census, the estimated proportion of CALD children aged 0 to 17 ranged from 6.3% to 43%. The most commonly applied CALD indicators were language background other than English and being born overseas.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>There is no consensus on how CALD is defined in Australian child health research. Application of different CALD indicators can generate up to seven-fold differences in estimates of who counts as being a CALD child.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>If we are to advance health and well-being equity for CALD children, we need a more consistent approach to understanding which children are counted as CALD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000049/pdfft?md5=5ad600a4d548d073b118945aafa65b64&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000049-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140012069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Keratinocyte carcinomas, area-level socioeconomic status and geographic remoteness in Tasmania: cross-sectional associations and temporal trends” [Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 47 (2023) 100067]","authors":"Bruna S. Ragaini ,&nbsp;Leigh Blizzard ,&nbsp;Peter Baade ,&nbsp;Alison Venn","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100144","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000190/pdfft?md5=e8a1786feb227226678db702015ba6f8&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000190-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140344669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A thematic analysis of alcohol and alcohol-related harm across health and social policy in Aotearoa New Zealand","authors":"Tayla Darrah ,&nbsp;Sarah Herbert ,&nbsp;Timothy Chambers","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aims to: 1) explore how alcohol and alcohol harm are framed in New Zealand national policy, strategy, and action plan documents; and 2) examine how these documents align with the WHO SAFER framework.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Keyword searches across government websites and Google were conducted in January 2021. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to all identified documents, resulting in 22 being included for analysis in this study. An inductive and deductive thematic analysis of those documents was performed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Our inductive thematic analysis identified three themes, of which one is detailed in this study: ‘Location of responsibility for addressing alcohol harms’ with a focus on individuals and non-specific government agencies. Thematic results from the deductive analysis found that the most consistently referenced SAFER policies included brief interventions (68% of documents), followed by drink driving measures (45%), alcohol marketing (36%), alcohol availability (27%), and alcohol price (23%). The conversion rate from a document mentioning a SAFER framework policy area to making specific policy recommendations was usually less than or around 50%.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The lack of alignment between New Zealand alcohol policy and the SAFER framework can be partially attributable to the absence of an updated national alcohol strategy (NAS). An updated NAS should identify responsible agencies, create a systematic monitoring and evaluation mechanism, and be consistent with the WHO SAFER framework.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>The analysis supports the need to update a national alcohol strategy to guide alcohol policy development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000189/pdfft?md5=079c5814bc93325839c845e363f60dcf&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000189-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140552225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creating an interactive map visualising the geographic variations of the burden of diabetes to inform policymaking: An example from a cohort study in Tasmania, Australia","authors":"Ngan T.T. Dinh ,&nbsp;Barbara de Graaff ,&nbsp;Julie A. Campbell ,&nbsp;Matthew D. Jose ,&nbsp;John Burgess ,&nbsp;Timothy Saunder ,&nbsp;Alex Kitsos ,&nbsp;Caroline Wells ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Palmer","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100109","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100109","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To visualise the geographic variations of diabetes burden and identify areas where targeted interventions are needed.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Using diagnostic criteria supported by hospital codes, 51,324 people with diabetes were identified from a population-based dataset during 2004–2017 in Tasmania, Australia. An interactive map visualising geographic distribution of diabetes prevalence, mortality rates, and healthcare costs in people with diabetes was generated. The cluster and outlier analysis was performed based on statistical area level 2 (SA2) to identify areas with high (hot spot) and low (cold spot) diabetes burden.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were geographic variations in diabetes burden across Tasmania, with highest age-adjusted prevalence (6.1%), excess cost ($2627), and annual costs per person ($5982) in the West and Northwest. Among 98 SA2 areas, 16 hot spots and 25 cold spots for annual costs, and 10 hot spots and 10 cold spots for diabetes prevalence were identified (p&lt;0.05). 15/16 (94%) and 6/10 (60%) hot spots identified were in the West and Northwest.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We have developed a method to graphically display important diabetes outcomes for different geographical areas.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for Public Health</h3><p>The method presented in our study could be applied to any other diseases, regions, and countries where appropriate data are available to identify areas where interventions are needed to improve diabetes outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 100109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S132602002305286X/pdfft?md5=00595273aa41e5774fe56cc75e61a063&pid=1-s2.0-S132602002305286X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140012068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Keratinocyte carcinomas, area-level socioeconomic status and geographic remoteness in Tasmania: cross-sectional associations and temporal trends","authors":"Bruna S. Ragaini ,&nbsp;Leigh Blizzard ,&nbsp;Peter Baade ,&nbsp;Alison Venn","doi":"10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anzjph.2024.100145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This article aims to examine cross-sectional associations and assess temporal trends in keratinocyte carcinoma (KC) incidence by area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and geographic remoteness in Tasmania, Australia.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>KCs – basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) – registered by the Tasmanian Cancer Registry were assigned to area-level SES and remoteness area. Incidence rate ratios (2014–2018) were estimated using Poisson regression. Average annual percentage changes (2001–2018) were estimated using the Joinpoint Regression Program.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>BCC incidence increased with increasing area-level advantage (<em>p</em>-value for trend &lt;0.001), but no trend was found for SCC. SCC incidence was higher in rural than urban areas (<em>p</em>-value &lt;0.001), and BCC incidence was slightly higher in rural than urban areas for females (<em>p</em>-value = 0.009), but not for males (<em>p</em>-value = 0.373). BCC and SCC incidence increased between 2001 and the mid-2010s, when it peaked across most areas.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Associations were found between BCC and higher area-level SES, and between SCC and geographic remoteness. The findings suggest differences in sun exposure behaviours, skin cancer awareness and access to services, or ascertainment bias.</p></div><div><h3>Implications for public health</h3><p>Efforts to control and deliver KC services in Tasmania should consider targeting populations with specific area-level characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8620,"journal":{"name":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health","volume":"48 2","pages":"Article 100145"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1326020024000207/pdfft?md5=93f226800d1f1000e06a10224023a51f&pid=1-s2.0-S1326020024000207-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140341558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}