Lab on a Chip最新文献

{"title":"Towards real-time myocardial infarction diagnosis: a convergence of machine learning and ion-exchange membrane technologies leveraging miRNA signatures†","authors":"Xiang Ren, Ruyu Zhou, George Ronan, S. Gulberk Ozcebe, Jiaying Ji, Satyajyoti Senapati, Keith L. March, Eileen Handberg, David Anderson, Carl J. Pepine, Hsueh-Chia Chang, Fang Liu and Pinar Zorlutuna","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00640B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00640B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Rapid diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is crucial for optimal patient management. Accurate diagnosis and time of onset of an acute event can influence treatment plans, such as percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). PCI is most beneficial within 3 hours of AMI onset. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers, with potential of early AMI diagnosis, since they are released before cell death and subsequent release of larger molecules [<em>e.g.</em>, cardiac troponins (cTn)], and have greater sensitivity and stability in plasma <em>versus</em> cTn regardless of timing of AMI onset. However, miRNA-based AMI diagnosis can result in false positives due to miRNA content overlap between AMI and stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Accordingly, we explored the possibility of using a miRNA profile, rather than a single miRNA, to distinguish between CAD and AMI, as well as different stages following AMI onset. First we screened a library of 800 miRNA using plasma samples from 4 patient cohorts; no known CAD, CAD, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and STEMI followed by PCI, using Nanostring miRNA profiling technology. From this screening, based on machine learning SCAD and Lasso algorithms, we identified 9 biomarkers (miR-200b, miR-543, miR-331, miR-3605, miR-301a, miR-18a, miR-423, miR-142, and miR-132) that were differentially expressed in CAD, STEMI and STEMI-PCI and explored them to identify a miRNA profile for rapid and accurate AMI diagnosis. These 9 miRNAs were selected as the most frequently identified targets by SCAD and Lasso, as indicated in the “drum-plot” model in the machine learning approach. We used age-matched patient samples to validate selected 9 miRNA biomarkers using a multiplexed ion-exchange membrane-based miRNA sensor platform, which measures specific miRNAs, and cTn as a control, simultaneously as a point-of-care device. Findings from this study will inform timely and accurate diagnosis of AMI and its stages, which are essential for effective management and optimal patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 23","pages":" 5203-5214"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/lc/d4lc00640b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A microfluidic hanging droplet as a programmable platform for mammalian egg vitrification†","authors":"Haidong Feng, Georgios Katsikis, India D. Napier, Gong Du, Josh Lim, Joseph O. Doyle, Scott R. Manalis and Linda G. Griffith","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00428K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00428K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Egg (oocyte) vitrification is the dominant method for preserving fertility for women of reproductive age. However, the method is typically performed by hand, requiring precise (∼0.1 to 10 μL) and time-sensitive (∼1 s) liquid exchange of cryoprotectants (CPA) around eggs as well as fine handling of eggs (∼100 μm) for immersion into liquid nitrogen (LN<small>₂</small>). Here, we developed a microfluidic platform for programmable vitrification. Our platform is based on a millimeter-sized hanging droplet inside which a given egg is suspended and subjected to liquid exchanges within seconds. After programmable exposures to CPA, the egg is extracted from the liquid–air interface of the droplet using a motorized fine-tip instrument and immersed into LN<small>₂</small> for vitrification. To benchmark our platform with the manual method, we vitrified over a hundred mouse eggs and found comparable percentages (∼95%) for post-vitrification survivability. In addition, our platform performs real-time microscopy of the egg thereby enabling future studies where its morphology may be linked to functional outcomes. Our study contributes to the ongoing efforts to enhance the automation of embryology techniques towards broader applications in reproductive medicine both for clinical and research purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 23","pages":" 5225-5237"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/lc/d4lc00428k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring cancer-associated fibroblast-induced resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in hepatoma cells using a liver-on-a-chip model†","authors":"Madhu Shree Poddar, Yu-De Chu, Gaurav Pendharkar, Cheng-Hsien Liu and Chau-Ting Yeh","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00624K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00624K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Liver cancer is a significant global contributor to cancer-related mortality. Despite available targeted therapies, resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like sorafenib and lenvatinib poses a formidable challenge. The tumor microenvironment (TME), inhabited by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), profoundly influences this resistance. To uncover the mechanisms, a 3D microfluidic chip replicating liver architecture was fabricated to probe the intricate mechanisms of TKI resistance. The chip design mirrors the hexagonal structure of liver lobules, situating liver cancer cells at the core, encircled by fibroblasts, with rigorous assessments confirming biocompatibility and consistent cell growth. After determining the IC<small>₅₀</small> values of sorafenib and lenvatinib in 2D co-culture, a transwell setup revealed drug resistance development in co-cultured cells. Within the 3D microfluidic chip, live/dead assays highlighted elevated viability under drug exposure, emphasizing fibroblast-driven drug resistance. The study identifies AHSG and CLEC3B as potential mediators of drug resistance in co-culture, significantly upregulated in the co-cultured medium. Functional tests confirmed their roles, as introducing recombinant AHSG and CLEC3B enhanced liver cancer cell resistance to sorafenib and lenvatinib in both 2D and 3D scenarios. In conclusion, by replicating the complex TME using microfluidic technology, this study sheds light on the roles of AHSG and CLEC3B as well as possible approaches for improving the effectiveness of liver cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5043-5054"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142360784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of base methylation on binding and mobility of bacterial protein Hfq on double-stranded DNA","authors":"Jijo Easo George, Rajib Basak, Indresh Yadav, Chuan Jie Tan, Jeroen A. van Kan, Frank Wien, Véronique Arluison and Johan R. C. van der Maarel","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00628C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00628C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Regulation of protein mobility is a fundamental aspect of cellular processes. In this study, we examined the impact of DNA methylation on the diffusion of nucleoid associated protein Hfq. This protein is one of the most abundant proteins that shapes the bacterial chromosome and is involved in several aspects of nucleic acid metabolism. Fluorescence microscopy was employed to monitor the movement of Hfq along double-stranded DNA, which was stretched due to confinement within a nanofluidic channel. The mobility of Hfq is significantly influenced by DNA methylation. Our results underscore the importance of bacterial epigenetic modifications in governing the movement of nucleoid associated proteins such as Hfq. Increased levels of methylation result in enhanced binding affinity, which in turn slows down the diffusion of Hfq on DNA. The reported control of protein mobility by DNA methylation has potential implications for the mechanisms involved in target DNA search processes and dynamic modelling of the bacterial chromosome.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 22","pages":" 5137-5144"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142360543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microfluidic antisolvent crystallization for chiral symmetry breaking†","authors":"Jiye Jang, Gerard Coquerel, Tae Seok Seo, Woo-Sik Kim and Bum Jun Park","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00658E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00658E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We report on the use of a microfluidic antisolvent crystallization method to investigate the effect of solution volume on the chiral symmetry breaking (CSB) phenomena of enantiomeric sodium chlorate crystals. The utilization of a microfluidic device is capable of periodically producing emulsion droplets of uniform size and facilitates the quantitative analysis and visualization of crystallization phenomena occurring within the individual emulsions immersed in an oil continuous medium (<em>i.e.</em>, dodecane). To promote nucleation and crystallization, a small amount of an antisolvent (<em>i.e.</em>, ethanol) is introduced into the continuous phase. We observe that 100% CSB occurs within a certain critical emulsion volume. Beyond this critical volume, the probability of forming two different enantiomeric crystal particles increases. This solution volume-dependent CSB phenomenon can be attributed to the rapid depletion of surrounding molecules by spontaneous crystal growth after the formation of the initial nucleus within the critical volume, thereby suppressing further primary nucleation.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5055-5064"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A microfluidic system for the cultivation of cyanobacteria with precise light intensity and CO2 control: Enabling growth data acquisition at single-cell resolution.","authors":"Lennart Witting, Johannes Seiffarth, Birgit Stute, Tim Schulze, Jan Matthis Hofer, Katharina Nöh, Marion Eisenhut, Andreas Weber, Eric von Lieres, Dietrich Kohlheyer","doi":"10.1039/d4lc00567h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4lc00567h","url":null,"abstract":"Quantification of cell growth is central to any study of photoautotrophic microorganisms. However, cellular self-shading and limited CO2 control in conventional photobioreactors lead to heterogeneous conditions that obscure distinct correlations between the environment and cellular physiology. Here we present a microfluidic cultivation platform that enables precise analysis of cyanobacterial growth with spatio-temporal resolution. Since cyanobacteria are cultivated in monolayers, cellular self-shading does not occur, allowing homogeneous illumination and precise knowledge of the photonflux density at single-cell resolution. A single chip contains multiple channels, each connected to several hundred growth chambers. In combination with an externally applied light gradient, this setup enables high-throughput multi-parameter analysis in short time. In addition, the multilayered microfluidic design allows continuous perfusion of defined gas mixtures. Transversal CO2 diffusion across the intermediate polydimethylsiloxane membrane results in homogeneous CO2 supply, with a unique exchange-surface to cultivation-volume ratio. Three cyanobacterial model strains were examined under various, static and dynamic environmental conditions. Phase-contrast and chlorophyllfluorescence images were recorded by automated time-lapse microscopy. Deep-learning trained cell segmentation was used to efficiently analyse large image stacks, thereby generating statistically reliable data. Cell division was highly synchronized, and growth was robust under continuous illumination but stopped rapidly upon initiating dark phases. CO2-limitation, often a limiting factor in photobioreactors, was only observed when the device was operated under reduced CO2 between 50 and 0 ppm. Here we provide comprehensive and precise data on cyanobacterial growth at single-cell resolution, accessible for further growth studies and modeling.","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface modification of paper-based microfluidic devices via initiated chemical vapor deposition","authors":"Stacey Bacheller and Malancha Gupta","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00414K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00414K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Paper-based microfluidic devices offer an ideal platform for biological and environmental detection because they are low-cost, small, disposable, and fill by natural capillary action. In this tutorial review, we discuss the surface modification of paper-based microfluidic devices with functional polymers using the initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) process. The iCVD process is solventless and therefore ideal for coating cellulose paper because there are no surface tension effects or solvent compatibility issues. The process can also be scaled up for roll-to-roll manufacturing. The chemical functionality of the iCVD coating can be tuned by varying the monomer and the structure of the coating can be tuned by varying the processing parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 4940-4947"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142330289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-throughput selection of sperm with improved DNA integrity and rapidly progressive motility using a butterfly-shaped chip compared to the swim-up method†","authors":"Ali Sharafatdoust Asl, Mohammad Zabetian Targhi, Soroush Zeaei, Iman Halvaei and Reza Nosrati","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00506F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00506F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microfluidics provides unique opportunities for the high throughput selection of motile sperm with improved DNA integrity for assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs). Here, through a parametric study on dimensions and geometrical angles, a butterfly-shaped chip (BSC) is presented to isolate sperm with high progressive motility and intact DNA at a separation rate of 1125 sperm per minute. Using finite element simulations, the flow field and shear rates in the device were optimized to leverage the inherent motility characteristics of sperm for maximum selection throughput. The device incorporates a triple selection mechanism in series, initially activating sperm rheotaxis by rotation against the semen flow, penetrating the counter buffer flow and swimming against the direction of the buffer flow, leaving dead cells and debris behind, and subsequently leveraging boundary-following behavior to direct progressively motile sperm to swim along the walls and reach the device outlet. The device selects over 4.1 million sperm per mL within 20 minutes, with 29.2%, 68.2%, and 57.3% improvement in total motility, DNA integrity, and velocity parameter (VCL), as compared with the conventional swim-up method, respectively. Overall, the performance of the device to separate sperm with approximately 95.9% total motility, 97.8% viability, and 96.6% DNA integrity at high concentrations demonstrates its potential for enhancing the efficiency of conventional treatment methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 20","pages":" 4907-4917"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142306613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inertial co-focusing of heterogeneous particles in hybrid microfluidic channels with constantly variable cross-sections†","authors":"Tianwei Zhao, Peng Zeng, Yuanting Zhang, Jinxia Li, Hui Sun, Imrich Gablech, Honglong Chang, Xichen Yuan, Pavel Neužil and Jianguo Feng","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00479E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00479E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Heterogeneous particles co-focusing to a single stream is a vital prerequisite for cell counting and enumeration, playing an essential role in flow cytometry and single-cell analysis. Microfluidics-based inertial focusing holds great research prospects due to its simplicity of devices, ease of operation, high throughput, and freedom from external fields. Combining microfluidic channels with two or more different geometries has become a powerful tool for high-efficiency particle focusing. Here, we explored hybrid microfluidic channels for heterogeneous particle co-focusing. Four different annular channels with obstacles distributed on the inner wall were constructed and simulated, obtaining constantly variable secondary flows. Then we used four different fluorescent particles with the size of 10 μm, 12 μm 15 μm, and 20 μm as well as their mixture to perform the inertial focusing experiments of multi-sized particles. Theoretical simulation and experimental results demonstrated a focusing efficiency of &gt;99%. Finally, we further utilized human white blood cells to estimate the co-focusing performance of our hybrid microfluidic channel, resulting in a high focusing efficiency of &gt;92% and a high throughput of ≈8000 cell s<small>⁻¹</small>. The hybrid microfluidic channels, capable of high-precision heterogeneous particle co-focusing, could pave a broad avenue for microfluidic flow cytometry and single-cell analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 21","pages":" 5032-5042"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D printing of monolithic gravity-assisted step-emulsification device for scalable production of high viscosity emulsion droplets†","authors":"Yoon-Ho Hwang, Je Hyun Lee, Taewoong Um and Hyomin Lee","doi":"10.1039/D4LC00650J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4LC00650J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Microfluidic technology widely used in generating monodisperse emulsion droplets often suffers from complexity, scalability, applicability to practical fluids, as well as operation instability due to its susceptibility to flow perturbations, low clearance, and depletion of surfactants. Herein, we present a monolithic 3D-printed step-emulsification device (3D-PSD) for scalable and robust production of high viscosity emulsion droplets up to 208.16 mPa s, which cannot be fully addressed using conventional step-emulsification devices. By utilizing stereo-lithography (SLA), 24 triangular nozzles with a pair of 3D void flow distributors are integrated within the 3D-PSD to ensure uniform flow distribution followed by monodisperse droplet formation. The outlets positioned vertically downward enables gravity-assisted clearing to prevent droplet accumulation and thereby maintain size monodispersity. Deposition of silica nanoparticles (SiNP) within the device was also shown to alter the surface wettability from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, enabling the production of both water-in-oil (W/O) as well as oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion droplets, operated at a maximum production rate of up to 50 mL h<small>⁻¹</small>. The utility of the device is further verified through continuous production of biodegradable polycaprolactone (PCL) microparticles using O/W emulsion as templates. We envision that the 3D-PSD presented in this work marks a significant leap in high-throughput production of high viscosity emulsion droplets as well as the particle analogs.</p>","PeriodicalId":85,"journal":{"name":"Lab on a Chip","volume":" 20","pages":" 4778-4785"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}