Australasian Plant Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Soil waterlogging and breakdown of resistance to the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC)–Meloidogyne spp. in tomato hybrids under humid tropical conditions","authors":"Arthur Martin Affery,&nbsp;Yaya Touré,&nbsp;Abdoulaye Cissé,&nbsp;Sylla Mahamadou,&nbsp;Acka Emmanuel Dick","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01200-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01200-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the humid tropics, soil waterlogging catalyzes a synergistic interaction between root hypoxia and the soil-borne <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> species complex (RSSC)–<i>Meloidogyne</i> spp. pathosystem, whose impact on tomato genetic resistance remains poorly documented. This study evaluated the phenotypic stability and cross-tolerance of seven tomato hybrids, including Chistera F1 and the regional standard Cobra 26, under this dual constraint. A single-season field trial conducted in Man (Côte d’Ivoire) during the rainy season utilized a natural topographic gradient to modulate the Soil Waterlogging Index (SWI: 0–3). Epidemic incidence and mortality were analyzed using generalized linear models with a binomial distribution. A Multifactorial Phytopathological Severity Index (MPSI) was developed to integrate bacterial wilt severity assessed by the area under the disease progress curve, root gall index, fruit fungal incidence, and economic damage. Severe soil waterlogging (persistent flooding &gt; 24 h) resulted in a marked breakdown of resistance in intermediate genotypes and caused 100% mortality in the susceptible control (Petomech+). Although it survived vascular infection, the Rodeo 84 F1 hybrid (200 g/fruit) experienced severe osmotic cracking, resulting in 30.0% economic losses (20.06 kg out of 66.86 kg gross yield). Conversely, Chistera F1 and Cobra 26 maintained over 92% survival, with comparable severity levels supported by their MPSI ranking in the same tropical elite cluster (MPSI = 3.28 vs. 2.96). These results suggest that cross-tolerance to waterlogging and soil-borne pathogens, combined with fruit epidermal integrity, is a key determinant of tomato profitability under tropical rainfed cultivation. These traits should therefore be considered in varietal selection programs in West Africa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149219458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of the cactus cyst nematode (Cactodera cacti) infecting white pitahaya in Brazil","authors":"Aline Mayara Gonçalves Barros Silva,&nbsp;Mário Massayuki Inomoto,&nbsp;Victor Hugo Moura de Souza,&nbsp;Francine Hiromi Ishikawa,&nbsp;Ricardo Harakava,&nbsp;Juliana Maria Conceição Alves,&nbsp;Alessandro Rosa Nascimento,&nbsp;Diego Gonçalves Ribeiro Lucas","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01199-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01199-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13313-026-01199-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of plant parasitic nematodes in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) in New South Wales, Australia","authors":"Duy P. Le,&nbsp;Chi PT. Nguyen","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01196-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01196-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13313-026-01196-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Colletotrichum siamense causing leaf anthracnose on date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) in nurseries of southern Iran","authors":"Hamed Negahban,&nbsp;Ahmad Sobhani,&nbsp;Reza Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01198-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01198-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse structural features and putative functional roles of early-stage Austropuccinia psidii effector proteins","authors":"J. V. Sullivan,&nbsp;M. J. Currie,&nbsp;P. J. Prendergast,&nbsp;G. R. Smith,&nbsp;C.-N. Meisrimler,&nbsp;R. C. J. Dobson","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01197-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01197-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The fungus <i>Austropuccinia psidii</i> is an invasive pathogen of myrtaceous plants. During infection, <i>A. psidii</i> uses ‘effector’ proteins to manipulate various host plant cellular processes. Four effector proteins (AP1260, AP5292, AP10948, and AP143) have been identified as being important during the first 24 h of infection. However, there are no data on the molecular role these effectors play during infection. Here we report a bioinformatic analysis of these candidate effector proteins to generate experimental hypotheses. Successive genome improvements reveal that while AP5292 and AP143 remain conserved, AP1260 and especially AP10948 have expanded into highly divergent multi-haplotype families, with AP10948 now comprising 25 tandemly duplicated variants. Sequence homology searches show that all effectors exhibit low sequence homology across rust fungi and AP10948 appears to be unique to <i>A. psidii</i>. The effectors contain secretion signals, typical of effectors, and are predicted cytoplasmic effectors, functioning within the plant cell. Structural modelling predicts they contain regions of disorder, but all except AP10948 have folded regions. AP1260 shares weak structural similarity with <i>N</i>-acetyl-<i>D</i>-glucosamine binding folds, and AP5292 with MAX/ToxB-like fungal effectors. AP10948 has no meaningful structural matches. AP143 has significant structural homology to kiwellins, papain inhibitors, expansins, and cellulose-binding domains, suggesting potential roles in cell-wall interaction or protease inhibition. Protein physicochemical properties of these effectors are reported, which are useful for future laboratory work. Insights from these bioinformatic analyses provide a basis for further biophysical research into their true roles and functions, clarifying how <i>A. psidii</i> can infect its wide host and geographical range.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13313-026-01197-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraspecific variability among Pratylenchus brachyurus: insights from an integrative taxonomy approach","authors":"Rhayane Resende Pillat,&nbsp;Melissa Dall’Oglio Tomazini,&nbsp;Ricardo Harakava,&nbsp;Juliana Maria Conceição Alves,&nbsp;Claudio Marcelo Gonçalves Oliveira,&nbsp;Oliveiro Guerreiro Filho","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01194-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01194-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The lesion nematode <i>Pratylenchus brachyurus</i> exhibits significant intraspecific variability in both morphology and genetic constitution and causes substantial damage to several crops in Brazil, including coffee and cotton. This study investigated the intraspecific variability of <i>P. brachyurus</i> populations with distinct geographic origins, originally collected from coffee and cotton fields, through morphometric and molecular characterizations, in order to evaluate the genetic variability of these populations. Four populations of <i>P. brachyurus</i> were evaluated: three originally sampled from coffee fields in São Paulo state (Dracena – PbDR, Franca – PbFR, and Garça – PbGA) and one originally collected from cotton field in Bahia (São Desidério – PbSD). Intraspecific variability was characterized by morphometric studies as well as molecular analyses of the ITS-1 region. The morphometric analyses revealed greater similarity among populations PbDR, PbFR, and PbSD in relation to PbGA, whereas the molecular analyses highlighted genetic variation among populations and intra-individual variability among ITS-1 clones obtained from the single PbGA female analyzed. The existence of intraspecific variation among <i>P. brachyurus</i> populations was demonstrated using an integrative taxonomy approach, combining morphometric and genetic evidence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13313-026-01194-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149133117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of biological control candidates against Macrophomina phaseolina causing charcoal rot of sesame in Brazil","authors":"Eder Marques,&nbsp;Moisés Rodrigues Silva,&nbsp;Gabriel Silva Costa,&nbsp;Emilly Ferreira Braga Rios,&nbsp;Joyce Gonçalves da Silva,&nbsp;Marcos Gomes da Cunha","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01195-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01195-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sesame (<i>Sesamum indicum</i> L.) has gained increasing economic importance in Brazil; however, its production is constrained by diseases such as charcoal rot, caused by <i>Macrophomina phaseolina</i>, a soilborne pathogen that is difficult to manage. Given the recent detection of this disease in Brazilian sesame-growing regions and the limited information available on biological management of this pathosystem, this study evaluated the antagonistic potential of microbial agents against <i>M. phaseolina</i> associated with sesame. Eight biological agents based on <i>Bacillus</i>, <i>Priestia</i>, and <i>Trichoderma</i> species were evaluated against three Brazilian isolates of the pathogen under in vitro conditions, followed by greenhouse evaluation of selected treatments for disease severity and a yield-related trait. In vitro assays showed that <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i>, <i>P. aryabhattai</i>, <i>B. velezensis</i>, <i>T. harzianum</i>, and <i>T. afroharzianum</i> achieved near-complete or complete inhibition of mycelial growth, whereas the remaining agents exhibited intermediate levels of suppression. The antagonistic response did not differ significantly among the pathogen isolates evaluated. Under greenhouse conditions, microbial treatments significantly influenced the distribution of charcoal rot severity categories. Among the evaluated agents, <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> showed the lowest median disease severity score and the lowest estimated odds of occurrence of higher severity categories; however, its comparison with the <i>M. phaseolina</i>-inoculated control did not reach statistical significance at the 5% level. <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i> also produced the highest number of capsules per plant among the evaluated treatments. These findings provide initial evidence supporting the potential of microbial agents, particularly <i>B. amyloliquefaciens</i>, as candidates for further evaluation in integrated management strategies for sesame charcoal rot.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13313-026-01195-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative gene network modeling and pathway analysis of rice transcriptomes in response to Meloidogyne graminicola infection","authors":"Seyedeh Najmeh Banihashemian,&nbsp;Aboulfazl Yahyavi Azad","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01191-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01191-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.), a critical crop for global food security, is threatened by the root-knot nematode <i>Meloidogyne graminicola</i>. This study employed a systems biology approach to decipher rice’s molecular response to this pathogen. Analysis of transcriptomic data led to the construction of a protein-protein interaction network from 515 differentially expressed genes, identifying 27 central hub genes. Notably, most hubs were down-regulated, including receptor-like kinases and the metabolic enzyme nitrate reductase, suggesting a potential resistance-associated transcriptional reprogramming rather than a pathogen-mediated suppression strategy. Gene Ontology and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed significant disruptions in nitrogen metabolism, translation, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways. Promoter motif analysis of hub genes identified conserved regulatory elements linked to two key functions: plasma membrane signaling and mitochondrial/ribosomal translation. This offers a transcriptional explanation for the coordinated gene suppression. Furthermore, in silico prediction identified specific microRNAs potentially targeting key hubs, suggesting an additional layer of post-transcriptional control. Our findings suggest a model in which the observed transcriptional changes may be associated with the disruption of both peripheral signaling and core cellular processes in the resistant genotype. However, these interpretations are hypothesis-generating and require experimental validation. The identified hub genes, regulatory motifs, and miRNAs constitute a valuable resource for functional studies and could potentially be explored as candidate targets in future breeding or biotechnological approaches, provided that experimental validation confirms their functional roles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Penicillium italicum causing blue mold on mandarins (Citrus reticulata) in Vietnam, highlighting differential sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide","authors":"Hanh-Dung Thai,&nbsp;Anh-Ngoc Ngo,&nbsp;Nguyet Thi Nguyen,&nbsp;Tao Xuan Vu,&nbsp;Ngan Thanh Nguyen,&nbsp;Van-Tuan Tran","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01193-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01193-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Penicillium italicum</i> is the primary postharvest pathogen of citrus blue mold worldwide. However, it has been rarely documented in tropical regions. This work aimed to report the occurrence of <i>P. italicum</i> strains in Vietnam for the first time. Two fungal strains were obtained from blue mold-infected mandarins collected in Hanoi city. Based on morphological characteristics combined with molecular identification using the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the <i>benA</i> (β-tubulin) gene, these isolates were identified as <i>P. italicum</i>. Pathogenicity assays confirmed that both isolates induced blue mold symptoms on mandarins. The isolates showed reduced growth at 30 °C relative to 25 °C, indicating their lower-temperature preference comparable to that of the major citrus green mold pathogen <i>P. digitatum</i>. Notably, in contrast to <i>P. digitatum</i>, both <i>P. italicum</i> isolates were highly sensitive to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced oxidative stress. Our study provides foundational insights for future investigations into the molecular pathology and management of postharvest citrus losses caused by this pathogen in tropical regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First report of Neopestalotiopsis rosae causing crown rot and leaf spot on strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) in Algeria","authors":"Abdenour Zibani,&nbsp;Ali Kerroum,&nbsp;Hanane Djabali","doi":"10.1007/s13313-026-01190-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13313-026-01190-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8598,"journal":{"name":"Australasian Plant Pathology","volume":"55 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}