Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献_第2页

Effect of school entrance age on myopia among primary schoolchildren using mixed-effect model: The Shantou Myopia Study (SMS).

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100121

Hongxi Wang, Linrong Wu, Yuancun Li, Xin Tan, Jianwei Lin, Kunliang Qiu, Yali Du, Shengjie Yin, Binyao Chen, Jiao Jiang, Hailiu Chen, Mingzhi Zhang

{"title":"Effect of school entrance age on myopia among primary schoolchildren using mixed-effect model: The Shantou Myopia Study (SMS).","authors":"Hongxi Wang, Linrong Wu, Yuancun Li, Xin Tan, Jianwei Lin, Kunliang Qiu, Yali Du, Shengjie Yin, Binyao Chen, Jiao Jiang, Hailiu Chen, Mingzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the association between children's school entrance age and refractive status and prevalence of myopia in southern China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Population-based Cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to June 2021 in Shantou, southern China, enrolling primary schoolchildren in the city. The school entrance age was calculated as the months from the birth date to the entrance date, divided by 12. Non-cycloplegic refraction and uncorrected visual acuity test were conducted. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) < -0.50D with an uncorrected distant visual acuity < Snellen 20/20. We explored the association between the SER and the school entrance age, with the clustering effect within schools adjusted by the linear mixed-model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We enrolled 410,080 primary schoolchildren, with a mean age of 9.8 ± 1.6 years. The overall prevalence of myopia was 42.04 %. The mean SER of myopic children was - 2.15 ± 1.70 D. The mixed-effects model revealed a significant correlation between the school entrance age and the SER and the prevalence of myopia. One year later for school entrance age would independently result in a less myopic SER of 0.352 D, and significantly decrease the prevalence of myopia. Children born before September 1st had significantly more myopic SER than those born after September 1st.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early school entrance, rather than age or prolonged exposure to schooling, was an independent risk factor for myopia. It is important to put forward some scientific and effective measures, preventing children from early exposure to task-heavy school life and near work.</p>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"100121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visualization of the scleral structure changes at various stages of eyes with myopic maculopathy using polarization-sensitive OCT.

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100117

Keigo Sugisawa, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Masahiro Yamanari, Michiaki Okamoto, Tae Igarashi-Yokoi, Takeshi Azuma, Takayuki Miki, Hongshuang Lu, Yijin Wu, Jianping Xiong, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui

{"title":"Visualization of the scleral structure changes at various stages of eyes with myopic maculopathy using polarization-sensitive OCT.","authors":"Keigo Sugisawa, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Masahiro Yamanari, Michiaki Okamoto, Tae Igarashi-Yokoi, Takeshi Azuma, Takayuki Miki, Hongshuang Lu, Yijin Wu, Jianping Xiong, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To observe the detailed structures of the inner and outer sclera at various stages of myopic maculopathy using polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PS-OCT system was developed for imaging the posterior eye using a swept laser. Data from highly myopic patients who underwent PS-OCT examination between May and June 2019 were used to generate birefringence images (showing scleral fiber density), optic axis images (visualizing the orientation of scleral fibers), and streamline images (providing 3D reconstructions to visualize scleral fiber stream).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 89 eyes of 65 patients with high myopia were examined and analyzed for this study. The mean axial length was 30.4 ± 1.8 mm. In highly myopic eyes with a thin choroid, PS-OCT visualized the detailed structure of the sclera, and the optic axis images differentiated the direction of the inner and outer scleral fibers. In the optic axis and streamline images, the inner layer of the sclera contained radial fibers extending from the optic disc. In contrast, the outer layer of the sclera contained vertical fibers. With the progression of myopia, highly birefringent fibers first disappear in the inner scleral layer, followed by thinning of the inner layer itself. Subsequently, in the outer scleral layer, the number of highly birefringent fibers decreased. As myopic maculopathy worsened, the inner and outer layers of the sclera disintegrated.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PS-OCT is useful for observing the structures of the inner and outer sclera in various conditions of myopic maculopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"100117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The concept of cone opponency may extend beyond accommodation, to myopiagenesis and emmetropization, for a better peripheral defocus lens.

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100125

Edward S F Liu, Mary Kim Elizabeth Tan Cudia, Graham K Y Wong, Chung-Nga Ko, Dennis S C Lam

{"title":"The concept of cone opponency may extend beyond accommodation, to myopiagenesis and emmetropization, for a better peripheral defocus lens.","authors":"Edward S F Liu, Mary Kim Elizabeth Tan Cudia, Graham K Y Wong, Chung-Nga Ko, Dennis S C Lam","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myopia has ever-rising prevalence in the past few decades globally. Its pathogenesis is still not adequately elucidated especially at the signal transduction level. For the environmental risk factors, there is a large body of fragmented knowledge about the visual inputs for accommodation, myopiagenesis and emmetropization, with the latter two being essentially local processes. The red-green and yellow-blue chromatic pathways, together with the underlying L-M and S-(L+M) cone opponency, seem to be the common denominator amongst them. In this review, experimental and observational evidence are summarized to delineate the interplay of them. This review may establish the pivotal role of longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) for a mechanistic approach to future research in myopia control. This review looks into the mechanistic processes underlying myopiagenesis and emmetropization, specifically focusing on chromatic aberration and cone opponency in vision as pivotal components. The roles of longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) and cone contrast in myopia onset and development are intriguing. How visual input and chromatic pathways (specifically, red-green and blue-yellow cone opponency) contribute to accommodation that may trigger emmetropization mechanisms, thereby influencing eye growth patterns are explored and discussed. In brief, this manuscript delves into the physiology of visual processing and highlights a foundational aspect of visual science that may account for a \"Go\" or \"Stop\" signaling in axial eye growth. It further proposes a metric to gauge myopia-inhibiting optical devices such as the peripheral defocus lenses, for its best iteration. Future research in the above-mentioned areas is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"100125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical and anatomical features of myopia.

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100114

Jost B Jonas, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Li Dong, Rahul A Jonas

{"title":"Clinical and anatomical features of myopia.","authors":"Jost B Jonas, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Li Dong, Rahul A Jonas","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of the review is to summarize clinical and anatomically-related aspects of myopia. Recent studies have revealed macular atrophy as myopic maculopathy (MMP) stage-4 was accompanied by a central Bruch´s membrane (BM) defect associated with a subretinal proliferation (as sign of previous macular neovascularization). Patchy atrophies (MMP-stage 3) could be differentiated into those without versus with BM defects/subretinal proliferations. BM defects and subretinal proliferations were associated with each other (OR: 78.3; P < 0.001). Fundus tessellation as MMP-stage-1 correlated with visual acuity reduction, suggesting pathological changes already at MMP stage 1, in addition to a leptochoroid as risk factor. Myopic parapapillary beta zone (potentially caused by an axial elongation-related enlargement of the retinal pigment epithelium [RPE] layer opening; characterized by small or no alpha zone, few or no RPE drusen at its border, normal BM thickness) can be differentiated from glaucomatous parapapillary beta zone (characterized by alpha zone, RPE drusen, and thickened BM). The overlying retinal layers extended into the parapapillary zones, deeper than the superficial layers. Prevalence of non-glaucomatous optic neuropathy increased non-linearly with longer axial length in highly myopic eyes and was a major cause for vision loss in high myopia. In patients aged 85 + years, prevalence of MMP stage 3 or 4 in highly myopic eyes (axial length ≥ 26.5 mm) was about 75 %. Myopia was associated with a lower prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and angle-closure glaucoma, while high myopia, more than moderate myopia, was associated with higher prevalence and incidence of open-angle glaucoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"100114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142765664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-concentration atropine for controlling myopia onset and progression in East Asia.

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100122

Ebenezer Zaabaar, Yuzhou Zhang, Ka Wai Kam, Xiu Juan Zhang, Clement C Tham, Li Jia Chen, Chi Pui Pang, Jason C Yam

{"title":"Low-concentration atropine for controlling myopia onset and progression in East Asia.","authors":"Ebenezer Zaabaar, Yuzhou Zhang, Ka Wai Kam, Xiu Juan Zhang, Clement C Tham, Li Jia Chen, Chi Pui Pang, Jason C Yam","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Over the past few years, there has been a rapid accumulation of data on the use of low-concentration atropine for myopia control, especially in East Asian children, with its effectiveness varying in different studies. This review aims to evaluate the current evidence surrounding the efficacy and safety of low-concentration atropine in the management of myopia onset and progression in East Asia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical trials involving atropine for myopia control in East Asia were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Atropine has been shown to reduce myopia progression in East Asian children, compared with placebo. Its efficacy is concentration-dependent, with 1 % atropine yielding the greatest effect in slowing myopia progression by over 70 %, but it is associated with significant rebound and side effects. Lower concentrations also confer significant myopia-control effects while maintaining a more acceptable safety profile, with relative reductions of 67 % and 43 % reported for 0.05 % and 0.025 % atropine, respectively. While 0.01 % atropine showed the least effect compared to 0.05 % and 0.025 %, it still yielded a significant efficacy in slowing myopic refraction. Over two years, 0.05 % atropine reduced the incidence of myopia by nearly 50 %, demonstrating greater effectiveness than 0.01 % atropine. This effect was particularly notable in children with low hyperopic reserves (< +0.75 D), but not in those with higher reserves.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The current evidence shows that low-concentration atropine plays a crucial role in managing myopia in East Asian children and demonstrates satisfactory safety profiles. Timely administration of the most effective and safest concentration can potentially prevent sight-threatening complications and subsequent vision loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"100122"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142794299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diabetic Blindness Remains a Big Challenge Despite All Recent Advancements in Diagnostics and Treatments 尽管诊断和治疗技术不断进步，糖尿病性失明仍然是一个巨大的挑战。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100105

Jingfa Zhang, Min Wang, Ling Chen, Nishant Radke

引用次数: 0

UBM helps differentiate sulcus or in-the-bag IOL placement UBM 帮助区分人工晶体植入是囊内植入还是囊外植入。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100088

Peng ZhiZhao , Leung Hiu Ying , Nishant Vijay Radke

引用次数: 0

Long-term Outcomes of Combined Phacotrabeculectomy Surgery in a Singapore Tertiary Hospital 新加坡一家三级医院的咽喉切除联合手术的长期疗效。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100102

Annabel CY Chew , Hla Myint Htoon , Shamira A. Perera , Tin Aung , Ho Ching Lin , Rahat Husain , Boey Pui Yi , Daniel Hsien Wen Su , Jocelyn Chua , Tina T. Wong

{"title":"Long-term Outcomes of Combined Phacotrabeculectomy Surgery in a Singapore Tertiary Hospital","authors":"Annabel CY Chew , Hla Myint Htoon , Shamira A. Perera , Tin Aung , Ho Ching Lin , Rahat Husain , Boey Pui Yi , Daniel Hsien Wen Su , Jocelyn Chua , Tina T. Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To describe the long-term outcomes of phacotrabeculectomy from a tertiary glaucoma service in Singapore.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Retrospective case series.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seven hundred ninety-six eyes of 698 patients who underwent phacotrabeculectomy surgery at the Singapore National Eye Centre between 2005 and 2007 with a minimum follow-up of three years were included. The primary outcome measure was intraocular pressure (IOP). Secondary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), number of glaucoma medications, and surgical complications.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age was 69.5 years, 51 % were male, and 86 % were Chinese. Most eyes had primary glaucoma (90.6 %). The mean follow-up duration was 9.4 years. The overall success rate at three years was 97 % if surgical success was defined as IOP ≤ 21 mm Hg, 92 % if IOP ≤ 18 mm Hg, 66 % if IOP ≤ 15 mm Hg. By Kaplan–Meier survival analysis over 13 years, the cumulative success rate fell from 98.1 % to 89.1 % if IOP ≤ 21 mm Hg, 98.1–76.9 % if IOP ≤ 18 mm Hg, 98–50.3 % if IOP ≤ 15 mm Hg. The postoperative IOP improved significantly at all time points (<em>P</em> < 0.05) and 72 % had at least 20 % IOP reduction. There was a slight improvement in postoperative BCVA (<em>P</em> < 0.05). The mean number of glaucoma medications was reduced postoperatively (<em>P</em> < 0.001). There were no significant risk factors for surgical failure.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Phacotrabeculectomy was found to be safe, resulting in clinically significant IOP lowering for 13 years with reduced dependency on glaucoma medications and improved BCVA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 5","pages":"Article 100102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bilateral Retinal Detachment Associated with Ascaris suum Infection 与蛔虫感染有关的双侧视网膜脱离

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100100

Tomoyuki Ishibashi, Kazuyuki Emi

引用次数: 0

Advances in understanding and management of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease 对 IgG4 相关眼科疾病的认识和管理进展。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100101

Kenneth Ka Hei Lai , Terence Wee Xiang Ang , Wah Cheuk , Angie Kwok , Ming Lin , Yael Lustig , Dinesh Selva , Guy Ben Simon , Yue Xing , Zhi Hui Xu , Hua Sheng Yang , Kelvin Kam Lung Chong , Hunter Kwok Lai Yuen

{"title":"Advances in understanding and management of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease","authors":"Kenneth Ka Hei Lai , Terence Wee Xiang Ang , Wah Cheuk , Angie Kwok , Ming Lin , Yael Lustig , Dinesh Selva , Guy Ben Simon , Yue Xing , Zhi Hui Xu , Hua Sheng Yang , Kelvin Kam Lung Chong , Hunter Kwok Lai Yuen","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunoglobulin G4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) is an emerging, immune-mediated fibroinflammatory orbital disease, characterized by tumefactive lesions with noticeable IgG4+ plasma cell infiltration and distinctive pathohistological features. This disease is often associated with elevated serum IgG4 concentrations. IgG4-ROD may affect any ophthalmic tissues, particularly the lacrimal gland, extraocular muscles, and trigeminal nerves. Although the exact pathogenic role of IgG4 antibodies remains unclear, B-cell depleting agents have been reported to be an effective treatment. The diverse clinical manifestations of IgG4-ROD complicate diagnosis, and without prompt treatment, visual-threatening complications such as optic neuropathy may arise. Recent advances in understanding and managing IgG4-ROD have revolutionized the diagnosis and treatment of this emerging disease. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the field of IgG4-ROD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 5","pages":"Article 100101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142340185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0