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Kiswahili Communication Strategies in Response to Covid-19 in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚应对Covid-19的斯瓦希里语传播战略
Utafiti Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020057
Nicholous Asheli
{"title":"Kiswahili Communication Strategies in Response to Covid-19 in Tanzania","authors":"Nicholous Asheli","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020057","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 When life circumstances change, language use will definitely change to reflect those new developments. Over 2020–2021, strategies adopted by Kiswahili users in Tanzania resulted in new linguistic features of the nation’s lingua franca in response to COVID-19. New communication strategies were necessary for two reasons: the contagion was novel; and the pandemic was presented as an unprecedented threat to human life that necessitated, politically and socially, unprecedented warnings and prohibitions. As a result, at some point political persuasions and alliances affected the way people talked about the contagion. Due to structural and procedural changes imposed by the pandemic, there emerged some new expressions and an increase in the frequency of use of other expressions.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84774769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
In Conversation with Michael Sandel on World Philosophy Day 2021 in Tanzania 在2021年坦桑尼亚世界哲学日与迈克尔·桑德尔的对话
Utafiti Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020055
Michael J. Sandel, JosephatC Muhoza
{"title":"In Conversation with Michael Sandel on World Philosophy Day 2021 in Tanzania","authors":"Michael J. Sandel, JosephatC Muhoza","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020055","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Michael J. Sandel is a political and moral philosopher on the faculty of Harvard’s Department of Government. On World Philosophy Day 2021, Professor Sandel joined the University of Dar es Salaam by live-streamed video in a short question and answer session to celebrate the UN World Philosophy Day 2021. The questions referred to three of Sandel’s books, The Tyranny of Merit: What’s Become of the Common Good? (2020) What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets (2012) and Justice: What’s the right thing to do? (2010), volumes that have been translated in over thirty languages. Sandel’s lectures have packed St. Paul’s Cathedral in London, the Sydney Opera House in Australia, and an outdoor stadium in Seoul, South Korea where 14,000 came to one event to hear him speak. Discussants included convener Dr. Josephat Muhoza, a senior member of the UDSM Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies. Dr. Philbert Komu and Mr. Shija Kuhumba, faculty members of the department, philosophy students, and other members of the audience, also posed questions.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82788377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accumulation Tendencies and the Trajectory of the Cooperative Movement in Tanzania 坦桑尼亚合作社运动的积累趋势与发展轨迹
Utafiti Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020063
Lucius R. Mugisha
{"title":"Accumulation Tendencies and the Trajectory of the Cooperative Movement in Tanzania","authors":"Lucius R. Mugisha","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020063","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The ways in which accumulation tendencies have shaped the cooperative movement in Tanzania are not very clear. I show that conditions for the vibrancy, decline and revival of the cooperative movement have been shaped by the process of accumulation by dispossession, which is arguably Tanzania’s key socio-economic feature since colonialism. Within this process, co-operators are moulded into subjects – who readily internalize, modify, or abandon, certain cooperative thoughts and practices – through techniques which Foucault sums up as governmentality. Thus, in the early years of Tanzania’s cooperative movement, the vibrancy of Agricultural Crop Marketing Cooperatives was consistent with moulding co-operators to enhance crop production in order to facilitate (post)colonial accumulation through cash crop production. Likewise, since the 1980s the decline of these sorts of collective has been commensurate with the emerging vibrancy of Savings and Credit Cooperative Societies, a trend which is consistent with generalized accumulation under neoliberalism. This development can be illustrated as featuring a shift of emphasis from cash-crop production to marketization of whatever can be exchanged, including money.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80342277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Ethically Relevant Concept of Democracy 民主的伦理相关概念
Utafiti Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020054
P. Komu
{"title":"An Ethically Relevant Concept of Democracy","authors":"P. Komu","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020054","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The meaning of democracy has traditionally been linked to the institutionalisation of public use of reason as jointly exercised by individuals who act in accordance with moral duty rather than one’s desires. For this reason, the meaning and value of democracy are always closely linked. Popular theories of democracy, however, have only treated democracy as instrumentally valuable – merely some disposable means towards achieving and solving problems of justice, freedom, equality, etc. This has called into question the usefulness of having democracy in the first place. My aim is to show that deliberation should be taken into account in ethical analyses of democracy. Thus, I demonstrate that the concept of deliberative democracy is ethically relevant – i.e., deserves moral consideration, enables us to treat democracy as inherently valuable (or something close to it), and subsequently preserves the value of democracy both in our political and moral theorising and in our ordinary dealings.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78853874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Locating the Hadzabe People in the Wilderness 在荒野中寻找哈扎比人
Utafiti Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020061
A. Lusekelo
{"title":"Locating the Hadzabe People in the Wilderness","authors":"A. Lusekelo","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020061","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There exists a close relationship between the use of a personal name as the means of individuating a single person and highlighting that person’s ties to an entire culture. Many aspects of the Hadzabe’s entire culture are reported as having been eroded by the influences of other major ethnic groups (including Datooga, Isanzu, Iraqw, and Sukuma) in the Lake Eyasi area, as well as by Christian missionaries and by the sedentarization programs of the Government of Tanzania. Despite these major impacts, Hadzabe local names still exhibit affiliations to their indigenous foraging lifestyle, associating them individually with features of their physical landscapes and with regional flora and fauna, as well as with historical circumstances and events occurring at the time of their birth. A new-born infant is always featured as the main protagonist in the family, and these remembrances of indigenous culture still prevail in the naming of newly born children in Hadzabe society.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81841029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Avoiding Global Pandemic Injustice 避免全球流行病的不公正
Utafiti Pub Date : 2022-06-24 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020056
N. Chilundika, Thomas Pogge
{"title":"Avoiding Global Pandemic Injustice","authors":"N. Chilundika, Thomas Pogge","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020056","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 COVID-19 has highlighted the failure of the current monopoly market system of pharmaceutical industries to efficiently and equitably distribute lifesaving health commodities in a pandemic. The pre-purchasing of COVID-19 vaccines in 2021 by high income countries (outside of the global coordinated effort called the COVAX facility) has led to inequitable access to vaccines globally. This may have contributed to the development of new COVID-19 variants of concern such as ‘Omicron’. Further, vaccine inequity has resulted in the poor suffering the worst health and economic outcomes of the pandemic. COVID-19 has deepened inequalities and increased global poverty. While high income countries are on a path to recovery with pre-pandemic growth rates forecast for 2022, low and middle income countries are still in economic recession, with growth rates forecast to remain at 5.5 percentage points below pre-pandemic levels by 2024. The Health Impact Fund approach offers an alternative, whereby pharmaceutical firms profit in proportion to their contribution to reducing the disease burden rather than through monopoly rents from product sales.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"58 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77809132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Stylistic Analysis of Selected Sermons Delivered by Pentecostal Preachers 五旬节派传道人讲道选集的文体分析
Utafiti Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020048
Devet Goodness
{"title":"Stylistic Analysis of Selected Sermons Delivered by Pentecostal Preachers","authors":"Devet Goodness","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020048","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The language style of three Pentecostal sermons reveals figures of speech that not only carry artistic and rhetorical ingenuity but also enhance the effectiveness of the sermons’ impact on a congregation of believers. Pentecostal sermons make extensive use of the second singular personal pronoun ‘you’ to warn, rebuke, remind, and to command. These sermons engage both literal and metaphorical speech acts. To understand the Christian message conveyed in a sermon, factors including image schemas, the choice of pronoun and the speaker’s ecclesiastic knowledge should be addressed.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76280008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lugha ya Kiswahili na Ukombozi wa Kifikra katika Afrika: Mkabala wa Kimapinduzi wa Frantz Fanon
Utafiti Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020047
A. Mutembei
{"title":"Lugha ya Kiswahili na Ukombozi wa Kifikra katika Afrika: Mkabala wa Kimapinduzi wa Frantz Fanon","authors":"A. Mutembei","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020047","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Uchaguzi wa mtu kuitumia lugha yake kama njia ya ukombozi huanza na uamuzi wa kifikra. Uamuzi huo wa kifikra ni hatua ya ukombozi. Ni uamuzi ambao hatimaye humpa mtumiaji wa lugha mamlaka ya kuchukua hatua zaidi za kujitegemea. Ni ukombozi wa kiisimu ambao, hatimaye humpatia mtumiaji wa lugha nguvu binafsi. Lugha ni mamlaka; na wakati mwingi mamlaka huzaa nguvu. Ingawa hapa ‘nguvu’ inamaanisha uwezo wa mtu binafsi; na ‘mamlaka’ ni dhana ya kisheria, lakini dhana hizi mbili zinahusiana katika uchambuzi huu wa kujenga uwezeshaji kupitia matumizi ya lugha. Katika kuchunguza mawazo ya Frantz Fanon kuhusu dhana ya ukombozi wa fikra kwa Waafrika kama inavyojitokeza kupitia Lugha ya Kiswahili, nadharia ya Bobby Wright ya fikraufu inatoa nafasi kuangalia namna utambulisho wa watu unavyoweza kubomolewa kupitia matumizi ya lugha isiyokuwa ya asili kwao.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82614854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Invisible Resilience: Indigenous Knowledge Systems of Earthquake Disaster Management in Kagera Region, Tanzania 看不见的复原力:坦桑尼亚Kagera地区地震灾害管理的本土知识体系
Utafiti Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020050
H. Hambati
{"title":"Invisible Resilience: Indigenous Knowledge Systems of Earthquake Disaster Management in Kagera Region, Tanzania","authors":"H. Hambati","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020050","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Indigenous environmental disaster management systems are maintained in remotely located communities through intergenerational transmission. This fieldwork illuminates a wealth of unprecedented survival techniques, strategies and skills for offsetting the worst effects of a natural disaster in earthquake-prone areas of north-west Tanzania. Normally, responses from the government and its foreign development partners are hamstrung by bureaucratic red tape, taking too long in reaching disaster victims to be of any actual help. The formal mechanisms of global assistance constitute disaster management failure by design. Rather, it is the local experts who sustain human lives in the weeks and months before external aid comes to the rescue. Yet local communities’ contributions to their own survival remain invisible to central government and the global arena. Traditional means of forecasting environmental catastrophes and of providing essential assistance in the aftermath of natural disasters are reflections of cultural values, socio-economic sophistication and scientific expertise within communities whose resilience needs to be recognized, assisted and promoted. Educational curricula of the future, involving a new generation of academicians, should integrate this crucial indigenous knowledge into the nation’s mainstream disaster management framework.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91119528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Dual Language Instruction: Teaching Civics in Three Public Primary Schools in Tanzania 双语教学:坦桑尼亚三所公立小学公民学教学
Utafiti Pub Date : 2021-10-29 DOI: 10.1163/26836408-15020046
R. Upor, Maziku Mihayo
{"title":"Dual Language Instruction: Teaching Civics in Three Public Primary Schools in Tanzania","authors":"R. Upor, Maziku Mihayo","doi":"10.1163/26836408-15020046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020046","url":null,"abstract":"It is a widely shared hypothesis in Tanzania among educators and the general public that low academic achievement scores are typically due to pupils’ deficiencies in English comprehension. Although in most public primary schools kiSwahili is the language of instruction, while a select few use English, there is evidence showing that even where monolingual instruction is on offer in Tanzania, lessons are held most of the time in both languages concurrently. Much of the research into dual language instruction is driven by the question of whether using English as the language of instruction is superior to using another language, leaving open the question of whether learning in both kiSwahili and English concurrently delivers a better pedagogical result than classroom usage of either language in isolation from the other. In this study, experimenting with the use of Dual Language Instruction (DLI) in three public primary schools indicates that when students are taught in two languages they perform better on tests than those who receive the same lesson content through monolingual instruction.","PeriodicalId":85828,"journal":{"name":"Utafiti","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83292704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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