Austral Entomology最新文献

{"title":"Revision of the Gondwanan genus Chilepyris Evans, 1964 (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)","authors":"Wesley D. Colombo,&nbsp;Celso O. Azevedo","doi":"10.1111/aen.12645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12645","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Gondwanan genus <i>Chilepyris</i> Evans, 1964 (Scleroderminae) is studied and revised. A new species from Oceanian region (New Caledonia) is described and illustrated, <i>Chilepyris kanak</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, and compared with the other two species of this genus, <i>C. herbsti</i> Evans, 1964 from Chile and <i>C. platythelys</i> Sorg &amp; Walker, 1989 from New Zealand, based on an integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphological characters and molecular analyses. An emended diagnosis and a deep discussion about the morphological diagnostic characters of this genus and comments about the Gondwana distribution of <i>Chilepyris</i> are also presented. Additionally, a taxonomic key to the three species is provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 2","pages":"155-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50142239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myrmecia: Volume 59, Part 2","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/aen.12605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12605","url":null,"abstract":"<p>No abstract is available for this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 2","pages":"N1-N46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.12605","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50142236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circadian and seasonal flight activity differences between the sexes of the biocontrol agent Eadya daenerys (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and the impact of host size on adult emergence","authors":"Rebekah Smart,&nbsp;Stephen R. Quarrell,&nbsp;Ross Corkrey,&nbsp;Toni M. Withers,&nbsp;Andrew R. Pugh,&nbsp;Dean Satchell,&nbsp;Geoff R. Allen","doi":"10.1111/aen.12647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12647","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since its accidental introduction into New Zealand in 1916, the invasive eucalypt leaf beetle <i>Paropsis charybdis</i> remains a pest of economic significance to <i>Eucalyptus</i> forestry. For this reason, the braconid parasitoid <i>Eadya daenerys</i> has been approved for release as a classical biological control agent. To aid in field monitoring using hand netting of biocontrol releases and laboratory rearing protocols, the flight activity over 6 a year field research program of <i>E. daenerys</i> and the relationships between the parasitoid and the size of its beetle hosts were evaluated in the country of origin. Wasps were observed flying over 32 days from mid-November to mid-December in Tasmania. <i>E. daenerys</i> was found to exhibit a morning-based scramble competition mating system. Females flying in the early morning had lower mature egg loads (134.2 ± 27.6) than at other times of the day. In the first half of the season, male flight was most often seen in the early morning, whereas in the second half of the season, there was a 4.5-fold decrease in any wasps flying. Female flight activity significantly increased to 70% female in the evening hours from 5:00 <span>pm</span> to 8:00 <span>pm,</span> which by the second half of the season was almost exclusively female. Wasps were caught flying across a wide range of air temperatures (10.7–23.8°C), humidity and light levels, but even light winds reduced flight when average wind speed exceeded 0.27 m/s for males and 0.73 m/s for females. Beetle prepupal weight was a predictor of <i>E. daenerys</i> parasitism success with mean beetle prepupal weights significantly higher for stung but unsuccessfully parasitised larva (62.09 mg) than those successfully parasitised (52.94 mg). The chance of an emerged wasp larva spinning a pupal cocoon was found to increase by 5% with every 1-mg increase in its beetle prepupal weight. Heavier beetle prepupae produced bigger parasitoids. Field-collected adult <i>E. daenerys</i> had larger (12%) head capsule widths (mean of 1.42 mm) than those reared in the laboratory (mean of 1.27 mm), suggesting that improving host nutrition and laboratory rearing conditions for increasing host size may help optimise <i>E. daenerys</i> rearing success.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 3","pages":"333-344"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.12647","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50137688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterising the herbivore community and its impact on Sonchus oleraceus (Asterales: Asteraceae) in its invaded range in Australia","authors":"Mélodie Ollivier,&nbsp;Maëva Labouyrie,&nbsp;Sathyamurthy Raghu,&nbsp;Johannes Tavoillot,&nbsp;Marie-Stéphane Tixier,&nbsp;Vincent Lesieur","doi":"10.1111/aen.12640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Sonchus oleraceus</i> is an annual species native to Eurasia and Northern Africa that has become a major weed of cultivated fields and ruderal areas in Australia. Populations are difficult to manage in cropping systems because of the development of resistance to common herbicides. Biological control is being investigated as an additional tactic for managing the weed. A literature review was conducted to identify the phytophagous arthropod species already associated with the species in Australia to guide such a biological control programme. To identify opportunities for biological control agents to aid in management, we undertook field surveys across Queensland and South Australia in different environments. We also investigated factors that may influence their performance in Australia. Both the literature review and field surveys identified 21 arthropod species associated with <i>S. oleraceus</i> in Australia, most of them being generalist species and pests of exotic origin. Capitula were the most damaged plant part while stems were relatively free from insects, except aphids. The field surveys recorded an unexpected new interaction between <i>S. oleraceus</i> and the gall midge, <i>Contarinia jongi</i> (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). This association was surprising as the midge, only known to develop on <i>Alstroemeria</i> (Liliales: Alstroemeriaceae), a very distant relative to <i>S. oleraceus</i> (Asterales: Asteraceae), was reported in Australia only a few years ago under greenhouse conditions. The midge and the moth <i>Eublemma cochylioides</i> (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) were the two species that occurred most frequently in developing flower head samples. We considered their infestation rate as a proxy of herbivory and tested whether the environment surrounding the plant may influence herbivory. Both <i>E. cochylioides</i> and <i>C. jongi</i> showed the highest infestations in ruderal sites compared with the sites located in conventional farming areas. We discuss the implications of our results in the context of selecting and releasing candidates for the biological control of the weed, especially in agricultural landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 2","pages":"220-234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50152935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Pollination and Pollinators in Farming. By Peter Kevan, D. Susan Willis Chan (Eds.), Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Ltd. 2023. pp. 414, 229 × 152 mm. Some colour photos and drawings. £145.00 Hardback. ISBN: 97818014 0989.","authors":"Katja Hogendoorn","doi":"10.1111/aen.12643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12643","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 2","pages":"268-269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50135376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification of Cerodontha australis (Diptera: Agromyzidae) and its associated pupal endoparasitoids (Hymenoptera)","authors":"Joanne G. Jensen,&nbsp;Nicola K. Richards,&nbsp;Disna N. Gunawardana,&nbsp;Dongmei Li","doi":"10.1111/aen.12644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12644","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The wheat sheath miner, <i>Cerodontha australis</i>, is widespread and abundant in New Zealand and also occurs in eastern Australia. Adult and larval <i>C. australis</i> feed on cereals and grasses, including the economically important perennial ryegrass, <i>Lolium perenne</i>. There is little literature about <i>C. australis</i>, and much of the early work may relate to other species due to its initial misidentification. Morphology-based identification can be challenging, and the absence of online barcode sequences from voucher specimens for <i>C. australis</i> has precluded diagnosis using molecular techniques. In this study, two individual adult leafminers collected from <i>L. perenne</i> plants in New Zealand were confirmed as <i>C. australis</i> morphologically. One has been retained as a voucher specimen and its mitochondrial barcode sequence submitted to online databases. Comparison with adult and larval specimens previously sequenced by the authors confirmed they were also <i>C. australis</i>. Molecular identification of 20 hymenopteran pupal endoparasitoids, and a subset of the puparia they emerged from, revealed <i>Trichopria</i> sp. (Diapriidae), <i>Eupelmus messene</i> (Eupelmidae) and three haplotypes (or closely related species) of Eulophidae. Sequences for all wasps were submitted to GenBank. All the puparia were visually identified as <i>C. australis</i>, and a subset that included a host pupa of each identified endoparasitoid species were confirmed as <i>C. australis</i> based on comparison with our barcode sequence. This work will aid future studies on <i>C. australis</i> and has allowed identification of unidentified sequences on public databases formerly submitted by other New Zealand researchers. It also provides new records of association between <i>C. australis</i> and its pupal endoparasitoids. More broadly, our study provides an example of the importance of authoritative morphological identification of specimens alongside molecular identification, and highlights the challenges in identifying species for which this has not been done.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 2","pages":"257-267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.12644","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50149839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the Australian butterfly genus Cyprotides Tite, 1963 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), with descriptions of three new taxa","authors":"Michael F. Braby","doi":"10.1111/aen.12634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12634","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Taxonomic review of the monotypic Australian endemic lycaenid genus <i>Cyprotides</i> Tite, 1963, based on comparative evidence of adult and juvenile morphology and biology, indicates that it comprises three allopatric and ecologically distinct species: <i>C. pallescens</i> Tite, 1963 <b>stat. rev.</b>, <i>C. cyprotus</i> (Olliff, 1886) and <i>C. maculosus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> <i>Cyprotides cyprotus</i> is considered to comprise three subspecies: <i>C. cyprotus cyprotus</i> (Olliff, 1886) in the Sydney Sandstone region; <i>C. cyprotus lucidus</i> <b>ssp. nov.</b> in the semi-arid zone of inland central New South Wales, north-western Victoria, South Australia, and south-western Western Australia; and <i>C. cyprotus aridus</i> <b>ssp. nov.</b> in the arid zone of southern Northern Territory and Western Australia. In contrast, <i>C. maculosus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> appears to be a narrow-range endemic, restricted to subalpine areas in south-eastern Australia (~1100–1500 m asl). Information on the distribution, ecology and biology is reviewed and summarised for each of these five taxa, with additional data provided on the habitat and conservation status of <i>C. maculosus</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, which is considered to be Endangered under IUCN Red List Criteria. All three species appear to be characterised by predominantly univoltine life cycles but with variable pupal diapause that may last up to 2–3 years, larval polymorphism, facultative associations with ants, pupal stridulation and rapid larval development involving only four instars. It is hypothesised that speciation within this genus has occurred recently, driven by reinforcement following secondary contact, leading to pre-mating isolation and character displacement, resulting in divergent phenotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 1","pages":"15-48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50129101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A trunk-nesting form of the processionary caterpillar Ochrogaster lunifer (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) restricted to a single host species Corymbia tessellaris (Myrtaceae), with some comparisons to the ground-nesting form","authors":"Lynda E. Perkins,&nbsp;Mizuki Uemura,&nbsp;Myron P. Zalucki","doi":"10.1111/aen.12642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12642","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Bag-shelter moth <i>Ochrogaster lunifer</i> (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae: Thaumetopoeinae) is an endemic species of medical and veterinary importance that occurs throughout Australia. The gregarious species is variable with four phylogenetic clades recently identified. One clade comprises trunk-nesters restricted to one host: the Moreton Bay Ash, <i>Corymbia tessellaris</i> (Myrtaceae). Here, we describe aspects of the biology and ecology of this distinctive nesting form dupped the ‘tree-hugger’ due to its flattish, thick silk nests that hug the trunk and larger branches. The form is univoltine; egg masses are laid in spring and the gregarious larvae develop through seven instars until the mature larvae stop feeding in autumn and later leave the nest (in a procession). The larvae over-winter in the ground as pre-pupae in a loose cocoon of silk. Pupation occurs in late winter and adults emerge in spring. Forty-six per cent of monitored egg masses succeeded in developing through the lifecycle. Tachinids were common parasites of older larvae. Tree-hugger nests provided some insulation against summer heat during the mornings, but the physical characteristics of the nests and tree trunks and the average southern orientation of the nests likely protect larvae against extreme heat. The tree-hugger form of <i>O. lunifer</i> appears morphologically similar to the more ubiquitous ground-nesting form, but there are differences in the colour of egg masses and adults, and in the behaviour and ecology of the larvae and adults. This information adds to the body of evidence supporting the definition of separate species within what is currently known as <i>O. lunifer</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 2","pages":"246-256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.12642","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50149837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revision of Nothepyris Evans, 1973 (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae), with description of four new species","authors":"Wesley D. Colombo,&nbsp;Celso O. Azevedo","doi":"10.1111/aen.12633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Nothepyris</i> Evans, 1973 is revised. Six species are recognised, two being previously described species, <i>Nothepyris brasiliensis</i> Evans, 1973 and <i>Nothepyris pretiosus</i> Colombo &amp; Azevedo, 2019, and four species described and illustrated as new, <i>Nothepyris beedrill</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>Nothepyris combee</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, <i>Nothepyris durant</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> and <i>Nothepyris vespiquen</i> <b>sp. nov</b>. The species <i>Nothepyris sulcatus</i> (Azevedo, 1999) <b>syn. nov.</b> is proposed as a junior synonym of <i>Nothepyris brasiliensis</i>. For the first time, males of this genus are described, and the morphology of the male genitalia is compared and discussed with other Scleroderminae. An updated taxonomic key to all species for both sexes is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 1","pages":"49-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50129102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myrmecia: Volume 59, Part 1","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/aen.12603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aen.12603","url":null,"abstract":"<p>No abstract is available for this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":8574,"journal":{"name":"Austral Entomology","volume":"62 1","pages":"N1-N56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aen.12603","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50129100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}