{"title":"Reflections: can the analyst share a traumatizing experience with a traumatized patient?","authors":"Ruth Lijtmaer","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.4.685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.4.685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This is a personal account of a dreadful event in the analyst's life that was similar to a patient's trauma. It is a reflection on how the analyst dealt with her own trauma, the patient's trauma, and the transference and countertransference dynamics. Included is a description of the analyst's inner struggles with self-disclosure, continuance of her professional work, and the need for persistent self-scrutiny. The meaning of objects in people's life, particularly the concept of home, will be addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 4","pages":"685-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.4.685","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29547146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychotherapy of bisexual men.","authors":"Richard C Friedman, Jennifer I Downey","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.1.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.1.181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We discuss clinical aspects of male bisexuality from a psychodynamic perspective. Bisexuality appears to be an attribute of some but not all men. The factors leading some men to be bisexual, and others exclusively homosexual or heterosexual are not presently known. Although bisexuality itself is not pathological, the adaptational issues of men with major psychiatric disorders who are also bisexual may be complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 1","pages":"181-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.1.181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28842533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fragmented testament: letters written by World War II resisters before their execution.","authors":"Anne Griffin, Jay Lefer","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychoanalysis does not always take moral greatness as a given, a fact attributed by Horney to Freud's view of psychology as a natural science. The French psychiatrist Henri Baruk, however, attempts to bridge the gap between normative and empirical considerations by proposing a model based on the Biblical concept of tsedek, a Hebrew term for altruism coupled with a strong sense of justice. Those who possessed these qualities, Baruk argued, had a more highly developed sense of Self and Other. Consistent with Baruk's model, we argue that moral greatness may be defined as a high degree of moral consciousness combined with courage. Character qualities of World War II resisters, as revealed in a review of over 200 letters written to family and friends immediately before their execution, indicate a strong sense of Self and Other and an equilibrium between a sense of duty and an affective impulse. These qualities are seen in letters written by those engaged in a broad spectrum of resistance activity. The interpersonal quality of these letters; the concern for the suffering that their deaths will cause others; the efforts to reassure those left behind and even to impart useful information and instructions; and the gratitude expressed for large and small favors, all suggest that altruism is a marker for moral greatness, and that it is present even in those whose resistance activity might not at first be classified as altruistic.</p>","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 2","pages":"261-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.261","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29037647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychodynamics of hypersexuality in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder.","authors":"Stewart Adelson","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It has recently become evident that bipolar disorder exists in children and adolescents. The criteria for making the diagnosis of juvenile bipolar disorder (JBD) are in the process of being proposed for the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-V). In adults, a criterion for bipolar disorder is excessive involvement in pleasurable activities including hypersexuality. Recently, some clinicians and researchers have suggested that hypersexuality be included as a criterion for JBD as well. Although abnormal sexuality has been reported to be present in some youth thought to have JBD, the reason for this association is not yet clear. Hypersexuality may be primary and intrinsic to bipolar disorder in youth, secondary and associated with it as the result of psychosocial influences or psychodynamic factors, or due to general aggression and disruptive behavior. Not only have developmental psychosocial factors that may influence sexuality in children and adolescence not been fully investigated, but psychodynamic influences have been omitted from modern etiological constructs as well. This report discusses the importance of psychosocial and psychodynamic influences on the sexual experience and activity of bipolar children. It is proposed that a developmental, psychodynamically informed model is helpful in understanding sexuality in children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. It is also suggested that assessment of psychosocial and psychodynamic influences on the sexuality of bipolar children is necessary in order to adequately assess whether hypersexuality should be a criterion of bipolar disorder in youth.</p>","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 1","pages":"27-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.1.27","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28841309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychotherapy with a narcissistic playboy facing the end of his life: a self-psychology and object relations perspective.","authors":"Eugenio M Rothe","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Narcissistic Personality Disorder is considered to be one of the most tenacious and stable types of personality organization. It usually presents a challenge to clinicians and is often resistant to treatment. The continuous search for the affirmation by others of the grandiose self and the devaluation of others in an attempt to stabilize their self-esteem is typically seen in individuals with narcissistic personality organization. On the other hand, corrective life events such as personal achievements, long-term nurturing relationships, and the management of loss and disillusionment can contribute to a more realistic realignment of the person's Ego Ideals and self-esteem. One such example is the case of Don Joaquin, a 69-year-old playboy who was facing death from leukemia. This article will describe the supportive and psychodynamic psychotherapy treatment approach that was utilized, and how Self-Psychology and Object Relations Theory provided a useful framework to bring help and relief to this patient, as he prepared to face the end of his life.</p>","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 2","pages":"229-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.229","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29037644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Africa adorned: body image and symbols of physical beauty.","authors":"Leah Davidson","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>African concepts of beauty and adornments of the body reflect a celebration of life in the face of death. They are derived from ancient times and the sense of man as a biological animal, within the context of life with other beasts. Among these, man is the only one who is born naked without nature's protections and adornment, such as fur, stripes, or feathers. The body is therefore an asset which must be guarded and covered and yet be expressive of strength as well as sexual desire, so as to attract a mate. Beauty, as a source of self-regard in African cultures is also often achieved through empathic identification with animals. Primordial African attitudes to life and death and symbols of beauty apparently influenced Freud's fourth instinct theory conceptions of Eros and Thanotos, as well as Erich Fromm's ideas about life-loving and death-loving societies, as illustrated in selected quotations from their writings.</p>","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 2","pages":"255-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.255","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29037646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The intersubjective and cooperative origins of consciousness: an evolutionary-developmental approach.","authors":"Mauricio Cortina, Giovanni Liotti","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We discuss consciousness from evolutionary and developmental perspectives. The expansion of communicative abilities was a necessary step for the emergence of a new type of cooperation based on equality that probably appeared for the first time among nomadic hunter gatherers during the upper Paleolithic era. In turn, this new level of cooperation gave raise to an expanded form of consciousness. From a developmental perspective an expansion of intersubjective abilities and consciousness go together. Three basic levels of intersubjectivity are present in humans. A primary form of intersubjective communication is accompanied by a primary form of consciousness that is not easily accessible for conscious scrutiny. During the second year of human life secondary forms of intersubjectivity expand consciousness from the immediacy of one-to-one interactions, to include a shared understanding of intentions and goals with caregivers. Secondary forms of intersubjectivity give raise to the type of consciousness characterized by preverbal symbols and images--a primordial form of conceptual knowledge. A further step in intersubjective communication uses the meanings and concepts that have emerged earlier in development and transforms them into words. The leap into language allows our species to conceive past, present, and future simultaneously. The cultural transmission of knowledge and social mores depends on these abilities. This further expands the scope of consciousness and creates conditions for self reflection, a type of consciousness that is uniquely human.</p>","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 2","pages":"291-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.291","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29039824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unconscious freedom and the insight of the analyst: exploring neuropsychological processes underlying \"aha\" moments.","authors":"Leanne Domash","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores the insight of the analyst and the concept of unconscious freedom. By insight, the author is referring to those sudden bursts of realization, the \"aha\" phenomena. Arising from the unconscious of the analyst, these emotional insights can help break an impasse or curtail an enactment. Unconscious freedom is the analyst's ability to function in the implicit or unconscious relational realm with empathy and sensitivity while relatively free of anxiety. This freedom facilitates the emotional \"aha.\" Clinical examples are given. Recent research in neuroscience illuminates these processes, prominently the role of the right hemisphere. Although we are in the early stages of the integration of neuroscience findings and the actual practice of psychoanalytic psychotherapy, this article offers provisional commentary. The author posits that by understanding the neuropsychological aspects of insight and unconscious freedom, analysts will be better able to facilitate this process in themselves.</p>","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 2","pages":"315-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.315","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29039825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Looking through a distorted mirror: toward a psychodynamic understanding of descriptive psychopathology of depression.","authors":"Paolo Azzone","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.4.575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.4.575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychodynamic psychiatrists and psychotherapists commonly believe that a shared reliance on the descriptive psychopathology of depression could allow a greater integration of dynamic treatments with other treatment models. However, the assumption that a descriptive approach can offer clinicians a theory independent language is epistemologically untenable.</p>","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 4","pages":"575-605"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.4.575","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29547167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Frontline--Cross-cultural aspects of beauty.","authors":"Silvia W Olarte","doi":"10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":85742,"journal":{"name":"The journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis and Dynamic Psychiatry","volume":"38 2","pages":"199-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1521/jaap.2010.38.2.199","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29056520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}