The Journal of East Asian affairs最新文献_第2页

Japan’s Diplomacy Towards ASEAN from the Perspective of its “Indo-Pacific Strategy” 从“印太战略”看日本对东盟外交

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1142/s273755792250005x

Shihong Bi

引用次数: 0

Understanding International Credibility and Its Changes: Taking China as an Example 理解国际信用及其变迁——以中国为例

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2737557922500036

Fangfei Jiang

{"title":"Understanding International Credibility and Its Changes: Taking China as an Example","authors":"Fangfei Jiang","doi":"10.1142/s2737557922500036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2737557922500036","url":null,"abstract":"This paper defines international credibility as the comprehensive evaluation of the trustworthiness of a country’s capabilities and intentions by other countries in the international community. It is not only a reflection of the country’s national capabilities and behavior choices, but also a kind of national reputation based on the evaluation of other countries. The establishment, maintenance and improvement of a country’s international credibility depends on the following five necessary conditions: hard power, comprehensive governance and contractual capabilities, government credibility and social cohesion domestically, trustworthy foreign policies and behaviors, international communication capabilities and public opinion influence. This article demonstrates that China’s international credibility has suffered severe damage since the 2008 financial crisis, despite of its rapid enhancement in the early post-Cold War period. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has provided China with a precious opportunity to consolidate its domestic social foundation and enhance its international credibility. However, it seems that the epidemic has been witnessing greater divergence in other countries’ evaluation of China’s capabilities and intentions.","PeriodicalId":85727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of East Asian affairs","volume":"14 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87553659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Shaky “Wedge”: An Analysis of India’s Strategic Behavior under the US “Indo-Pacific” Strategy 摇摇欲坠的“楔子”:美国“印太”战略下印度的战略行为分析

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2021-12-15 DOI: 10.1142/s273755792150011x

Lian Bo

{"title":"A Shaky “Wedge”: An Analysis of India’s Strategic Behavior under the US “Indo-Pacific” Strategy","authors":"Lian Bo","doi":"10.1142/s273755792150011x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s273755792150011x","url":null,"abstract":"America’s Indo-Pacific strategy is essentially a combination of its Asia-Pacific and Indian strategies: through the consolidation of its strategic alliances, it can deepen its relations with Asia-Pacific allies, and through its “wedging strategy” it can pull India into its orbit to become a strategic “fulcrum” bridging the region. India was both a key member and leader of the non-aligned movement, while also previously forming a “quasi-alliance” with the Soviet Union. At present, it has responded to the US Indo-Pacific strategy with cautious initiative. From the vantage point of a state targeted vis-à-vis a wedging strategy, India’s strategic behavior is shaped by the strategic environment, its primary strategic objectives, and the relations between allies within the context of a unique strategic environment. This paper identifies two types of strategic environments: the general strategic environment and the specialized strategic environment; it further identifies primary strategic objectives as economic development, sovereign integrity and independence, national security and great state status (especially with respect to that of regional or global major powers); meanwhile, the alliance relationship is defined according to the extent to which there are divisions across state interests and the capacity of states to act autonomously vis-à-vis the alliance. Through an analysis of India’s diplomatic experiences, this paper argues that against the backdrop of America’s “Indo-Pacific” strategy and a lose general strategic environment, the primary strategic objective of achieving major state status and a “large divide over interests and a major space for autonomous action” shape India’s cautious initiative with respect to its alliance relationships.","PeriodicalId":85727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of East Asian affairs","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85785894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

China’s Policy Responses to the Economic Impact of CPTPP and their Effectiveness 中国对CPTPP经济影响的政策回应及其有效性

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2021-12-11 DOI: 10.1142/s273755792150008x

Liang Chunding, Zhang Jiehao, Ping Yifan

{"title":"China’s Policy Responses to the Economic Impact of CPTPP and their Effectiveness","authors":"Liang Chunding, Zhang Jiehao, Ping Yifan","doi":"10.1142/s273755792150008x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s273755792150008x","url":null,"abstract":"The paper uses 2018 data to construct a numerical general equilibrium model containing 26 economies, and adds global value chain and added-value trade into the structure, and systematically simulates the economic effects of China’s response to three scenarios of nine categories of CPTPP policy selection. In line with the simulation results, under the four scenarios in which China takes unilateral measures to deal with the impact of CPTPP, the policy effectiveness from high to low separately includes: the construction of China–Japan–Korea free-trade agreement, the entry into force of RCEP and the further opening-up. In the two scenarios in which China joins the CPTPP, the effect of joining the agreement with the first batch of expansion countries is better, while the effect of joining the CPTPP later is slightly worse. After the United States returned to CPTPP, China chose three scenarios in which the economic effects, from high to low, were to optimize the business environment, take no measures and join CPTPP with the United States. Among the three different options, the economic benefit of China’s active choice to join CPTPP is the best. Second is the effect of China’s unilateral measures on CPTPP. However, once the United States returns to CPTPP, it will bring adverse impact on China. The effective measure to deal with it is to optimize the business environment to reduce the cost of the trade.","PeriodicalId":85727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of East Asian affairs","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81443866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From “Asia Pacific” to “Indo Pacific”: The Adjustment of American Asia Pacific Strategy from the Perspective of Critical Geopolitics 从“亚太”到“印太”:批判地缘政治视角下美国亚太战略的调整

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2021-12-10 DOI: 10.1142/s2737557921500091

Zeng Xianghong, Zhang Shaowen

{"title":"From “Asia Pacific” to “Indo Pacific”: The Adjustment of American Asia Pacific Strategy from the Perspective of Critical Geopolitics","authors":"Zeng Xianghong, Zhang Shaowen","doi":"10.1142/s2737557921500091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2737557921500091","url":null,"abstract":"After taking office, the Trump administration has shifted the U.S. strategy in the Asia Pacific region from “Asia Pacific” to “Indo-Pacific”. This paper attempts to start with critical geopolitics, compare the “Asia Pacific” strategy of the United States with the “Indo-Pacific” strategy, and investigate the changes and dynamics of the geopolitical imagination of the United States in the Asia-Pacific region. Through the investigation, it can be found that the strategic transformation from “Asia-Pacific” to “Indo-Pacific” reflects the transformation of the U.S. strategy towards China from “L-shaped defense” to “half-mouth encirclement”, as well as the Trump government’s attempt to rebuild the U.S. hegemony in various fields through all-round competition, reshape its identity and confidence as a great power by changing its self-identity and consolidating and expanding the alliance of Western style liberal democratic countries by looking for strategic fulcrum to reconstruct the strategic demands of the key geopolitical space. After Biden’s administration took office, it has inherited and strengthened the Trump administration’s “Indo-Pacific” strategy, which means that the strategic game between the United States and China in the “Indo-Pacific” region and even the global stage will continue for a long time. In order to safeguard China’s national interests and effectively respond to the “Indo-Pacific” strategy, China should enhance its influence and maintain the mentality as a great power, adopt social creation strategies to seek identity and recognition, and make plans based on the “Belt and Road Initiative”, “Polar Silk Road”, “Belt and Road Initiative” and other initiatives; if pushed forward smoothly, it will effectively crack down on the U.S.’s attempt to contain China through the “Indo-Pacific” strategy.","PeriodicalId":85727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of East Asian affairs","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85136434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Eight New Challenges Faced by Global Economy 全球经济面临的八大新挑战

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2021-12-09 DOI: 10.1142/s2737557921500078

Zhang Yuyan

引用次数: 0

Geopolitical Thinking behind the US Policy-Making toward China and the Diplomatic Choice of Japan 美国对华政策背后的地缘政治思考与日本的外交选择

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2021-12-08 DOI: 10.1142/s2737557921500108

Lian Degui

{"title":"Geopolitical Thinking behind the US Policy-Making toward China and the Diplomatic Choice of Japan","authors":"Lian Degui","doi":"10.1142/s2737557921500108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2737557921500108","url":null,"abstract":"The roots of US policy toward China are laid in the geopolitical thinking mode of its strategic culture. This mode of thinking first originated in Britain and later evolved into geopolitics. Bearing such thoughts, the United States sees China as a country at the southeastern rim of the Eurasian continent, and the rise of China is a threat to its dominance as a maritime state in the Eurasian continent. No matter the rotation of governing parties in the United States, containing the development of China is not merely an expedient for electoral politics but an inevitable choice for maritime states to contain continental states and an objectively necessary national security strategy aimed at retaining the global hegemony of the United States. As China further develops, such intention will become more and more apparent. In order to achieve the goal of slowing down China’s development pace and maintaining US’s political dominance over Eurasia, it seems that the United States has to build a maritime alliance system. The alliance between Japan and the United States will be further strengthened since Japan is a strategic pivot of this system. However, Japan’s perception of interests and strategic thinking are not fully aligned with those of the United States, and as a result, Japan will choose strategies with a certain degree of autonomy, thus eventually limiting the implementation of US’s geopolitical strategies. From the viewpoints of power transfer, geopolitics and ideology for the confrontation between maritime and continental states, this paper focuses on the limitations of the geopolitical thinking behind US’s policy-making toward China and the relatively autonomous strategy of Japan to analyze the status quo and underlying trends of China–US–Japan relations.","PeriodicalId":85727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of East Asian affairs","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75078436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hedging Strategy: Concept, Behavior, and Implications for China-ASEAN Relations 对冲战略:概念、行为及其对中国-东盟关系的影响

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2737557921500121

Yuzhu Wang

{"title":"Hedging Strategy: Concept, Behavior, and Implications for China-ASEAN Relations","authors":"Yuzhu Wang","doi":"10.1142/s2737557921500121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2737557921500121","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, more and more scholars have borrowed the terminology “hedging” from financial realm to describe the behaviors of small countries. Furthermore, they defined hedging as the third strategic choices in parallel with balancing and bandwagoning. The current scholarship indicates that most concepts of hedging separate themselves from its original meaning as a financial terminology, lacking a behavioral design of lowering or avoiding uncertain risks. This article redefines hedging and further points out that hedging is in fact a strategy that transfer risks to a third party but fails to remove risks from the system. However, actors in the international system don't share a same risk appetite as investors in the futures market. Therefore, even though small countries adopt the strategy of hedging, the risks cannot be transferred. Hedging will only help countries maintain the balance of power in the region so as to lower the risks when they have chosen the side incorrectly. Hedging has thus become a strategy of deferred-bandwagoning. In practice, hedging occurs when a small country cooperates simultaneously with two great powers, resulting in the balance of power. Or it is also hedging when a small country adjusts its relationship with one great power by measuring its relationship with another. In terms of China-ASEAN relations, the concept of hedging is conducive to understanding why ASEAN countries rely on China for economy but America for security. By the same token, ASEAN countries are able to reject the hugs from great powers when adopting hedging strategy. In that case, it is rarely effective that China can promote its political influence in Southeast Asia through close economic ties, leading to inadequate mutual trust.","PeriodicalId":85727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of East Asian affairs","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81092066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Perception of Identity, Perception of Relationship and Strategic Interaction — An Analysis on China–Indian Border Disputes from the Perspective of Game Theories 身份感知、关系感知与战略互动——基于博弈论视角的中印边界争端分析

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2737557921500030

Hailin Ye

{"title":"Perception of Identity, Perception of Relationship and Strategic Interaction — An Analysis on China–Indian Border Disputes from the Perspective of Game Theories","authors":"Hailin Ye","doi":"10.1142/s2737557921500030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2737557921500030","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the continuous observation of the ongoing China–India border conflict in recent years, the author intends to answer why China has not yielded prospective policy returns from the Indian side, even if it has been pursuing a cooperative strategy toward India after the Doklam standoff. Inspired by several doctrines of game theory under the dynamic game scenario and the application of relevant gaming tactics, this essay argues that after the Doklam standoff, China has been consistently pursuing an India policy that is risk-averse in nature, represented by its fundamental goal of persevering stability in the secondary direction of China–India border area. As a supporter of this argumentation, a diachronic investigation in terms of the evolution of China–India Relations between 2017 and 2020 was conducted, in which both countries were presumed as state actors involving in repeated gaming process with observable actions and asymmetric information sources. The investigation covers the respective actions adopted by both China and India since the Doklam standoff in 2017, along with the strategic interactions between the two sides from 2018 to 2019, till the most recent standoff in the Galwan Valley and the standoff along the Panggong Tso in 2020. The major finding of this essay is that there exists a causal-effect relationship between the expected payment structures of both sides in a gaming process and the outcome of the implementation of a certain cooperative strategy. Besides, as opponents in a gaming process, either side’s self-cognition and its evaluation on the bilateral relations will pose critical impact on its policy-making. Therefore, in the specific case of China–India border conflict, it is highly advised that China should make practical efforts to avert cognition risks of all kinds while managing its relation with India; otherwise, negative consequences may occur due to the mismatch of its strategic goals and its policy devices.","PeriodicalId":85727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of East Asian affairs","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83400417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Quality Development and Institutionalization of the BRI 推动“一带一路”高质量发展和机制化

The Journal of East Asian affairs Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.1142/s2737557921500042

Xiangyang Li

{"title":"High-Quality Development and Institutionalization of the BRI","authors":"Xiangyang Li","doi":"10.1142/s2737557921500042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s2737557921500042","url":null,"abstract":"After the BRI enters a new stage, high-quality development is becoming its main goal, but there is no consensus among Chinese academic circles on how to achieve high-quality development. Based on the assumption that the BRI is a development-oriented regional economic cooperation mechanism, the author proposes that the connotation of its high-quality development lies in sustainability, and the path to achieve sustainability lies in its institutionalization. The development orientation of the BRI determines that it does not set rules as a threshold during its initial stage, thus providing opportunities for developing countries to participate in international economic cooperation. However, this does not mean that the BRI does not need rules and institutionalization. Institutionalization is an endogenous requirement for deepening the BRI cooperation, an inevitable choice for addressing exogenous challenges, and a prerequisite for docking with the existing global governance system. It should be pointed that the institutionalization cannot duplicate the existing institutionalization model of regional integration, but needs to follow the principles of mutual consultation, gradualism and the Viewpoint of Righteousness and Benefit. Therefore, high-quality development of the BRI requires the establishment of a sustainable cooperation system, a benefit distribution system and a support system.","PeriodicalId":85727,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of East Asian affairs","volume":"188 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77078205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0