Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine最新文献

{"title":"Disease burden, antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of invasive group B Streptococcus among non-pregnant adults in Malaysia: A protocol study","authors":"AbdulRahman Muthanna, N. Baharin, Mohd Nasir Desa, N. Dzaraly, Mohammad Noor Azmai, Syafinaz Amin-Nordin","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.390165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.390165","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the prevalence of group B Streptococcus (GBS) isolated from non-pregnant adults from seven major hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia; the incidence, case-fatality ratio, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, serotype, genotype and distribution of the GBS virulence and pili genes are also investigated. Methods: This multicentre, prospective, observational study is conducted in seven major tertiary hospitals in Malaysia among non-pregnant adults. Simultaneously, a retrospective study is conducted in the selected hospitals with similar approaches. GBS isolates are subjected to phenotyping, serotyping by multiplex PCR, antimicrobial susceptibility testing and PCR-detection of GBS virulence and pilus genes. Seven housekeeping genes are amplified and sequenced for multi-locus sequence typing. Discussion: Findings from the study may contribute to the management of clinical practice to diagnose and prevent GBS related diseases in a timely manner. Prudent use of antibiotics is encouraged by monitoring antimicrobial resistance.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"498 - 505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myocarditis in scrub typhus-An uncommon presentation","authors":"Rajendra Prasad Rao, L. Mohanty, Amit Jajodia, Santosh Sharma","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.390166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.390166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"51 1","pages":"524 - 526"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139300227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of nanomaterials in mosquito vector control: A review","authors":"Sahadiya Mandodan, Aneha Kunnikuruvan, Bhagyashree Bora, Hemaladkshmi Padmanaban, Abhisubesh Vijayakumar, Kakhuangailiu Gangmei, Manikandan Sivaprakasam, Jibi Lukose, Mathivanan Ashokkumar, Vijayalakshmi Krishnamoorthy, S. Poopathi","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.390164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.390164","url":null,"abstract":"The periodic outbreak of mosquito-borne diseases like dengue fever, zika fever, and yellow fever all over the world highlights the need for effective mosquito control methods targeting the biological system. Due to the lack of therapeutic measures, preventive treatments or vaccines against pathogens, insecticide resistance eventually lead the research focus towards novel technological applications in mosquito management. Nanomaterials with ovicidal, larvicidal, adulticidal, and repellent properties for controlling mosquito vectors are under research. A literature search was carried out for advancements in nanomaterials, insecticides, and mosquito control in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. This paper aims to provide insights into various nanomaterials relevant to mosquito-borne diseases, in vivo and in vitro toxicity evaluation against mosquito species, mode of action, effect on non-target organisms, and ecological risks. Organic and inorganic materials that provide controlled release, target delivery, less dosage, prolonged efficacy, a reduction in the use of organic solvents and emulsifiers, and minimum pollution to the environment have already been explored. Indeed, further research on the ecological risk and economic feasibility of nanomaterials in mosquitocidal applications should be done prior to commercialization.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":"479 - 489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139298155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of H1N1, H7N9, ASFV, dengue virus and COVID-19 on pharmaceutical manufacturing firms' R&D investments and economic consequences: Evidence from China","authors":"Jie Liu, Wanqing Zheng, Zhen Liu, Xiujing Jiang","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.386256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.386256","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the impact of major disease epidemics on pharmaceutical manufacturing firms' Research & Development (R&D) investments and economic consequences. Methods: The sample consists of 1 582 firm-year observations from 2009 to 2022 in China, of which, 26.6% of pharmaceutical companies are involved in the diagnosis and treatment of prevalent diseases. Linear models using R&D investments, patent applications, operating performances and stock returns as dependent variables are constructed separately to examine the response of pharmaceutical companies to disease epidemics and the resulting economic consequences. Results: The prevalence of five major diseases led to a 17.5% increase in the amount of R&D investment and an 87.8% rise in the ratio of R&D investment to total assets by disease-related pharmaceutical companies, compared to unrelated pharmaceutical companies. Further evidence indicated that the patent applications for disease-related firms increased by 44.3% relative to unrelated firms after the epidemics. Though the impacts of the epidemics on firms' operating performances were insignificant in the short term, a major disease epidemic was associated with an increase in stock returns of 67.4% and 44.6%, respectively, as measured by the capital asset pricing model and Fama-French five-factor model. Additional analysis revealed that the impacts of the epidemics on R&D investments and patent applications were more pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises than state-owned enterprises. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that disease-related pharmaceutical firms respond to the disease epidemics through increasing R&D investment. More patent applications and higher market value are the main gains from the firms' increased investments in R&D following the epidemic, rather than the improvements of short-term operating performances.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"210 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136152142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"South Asian dairy smallholders: A scoping review of practices and zoonoses","authors":"Emily Schembri, Angus J D Campbell, Juan Pablo Villanueva-Cabezas","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.388029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.388029","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To identify and discuss on-farm management practices linked to bacterial zoonosis risk in smallholder dairy farmers in South Asia. Methods: This scoping review was conducted as per the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Five hundred and two publications were retrieved from five online databases using a comprehensive search strategy. Studies were selected if they discussed a farm management practice which impacted human health within a South Asian country. Results: Twenty-two studies were included. Seven management practices relevant to farmers, livestock and their shared environment were identified including raw milk consumption, farm hygiene management, personal protective equipment uses, animal vaccination, cleaning udders, hand washing and disposal of afterbirth materials. Preventive practices were found to be utilized at lower frequencies compared to risk increasing practices. Awareness of bacterial zoonoses is particularly low within the region. Conclusions: Based on the results of this review, it was determined that improving farmer awareness of bacterial zoonotic diseases may favor several of the presented leverage points within the South Asian smallholder dairy system. Relying on formal school education to improve this awareness may not solve this problem, instead, more focus on accessible and affordable zoonoses education and farming programs is required.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135922516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aeromonas hydrophila infection in acute myeloid leukemia: A case report","authors":"Rui He, Siqi Zhong, Jinghua Fan","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.388389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.388389","url":null,"abstract":"Rationale: Aeromonas hydrophila , a bacterium commonly found in a variety of soils, aquatic habitats, and other natural environments, is known for causing infections and hemorrhagic diseases in both aquatic and terrestrial animals. Patients with leukemia, when infected by Aeromonas hydrophila following chemotherapy, face an increased risk of developing necrotizing fasciitis. Patient concerns: A 48-year-old male with a history of acute myeloid leukemia presented with swelling and pain in his right hand after being stabbed by a grass carp two days ago. The injury occurred on the fifth day after his last chemotherapy session when he was accidentally punctured in the right thumb and ring finger by a carp while fishing. Two days following the injury, the skin isurrounding the wound turned black immediately, while the rest of his hand was reddened, swollen, and bleeding. Diagnosis: Aeromonas hydrophila infection in the soft tissue of the right hand. Interventions: Intravenous antibiotics and local debridement. Outcomes: The patient experienced an alleviation of systemic poisoning symptoms, effective control of the local wound infection. Lessons: It is important for physicians to appreciate the potential for highly unusual and life-threatening infections in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can prevent the development of necrotizing fasciitis and save patients' lives.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malaria slide bank plays a crucial role in achieving and sustaining malaria elimination in India","authors":"Shrikant Nema, Nitika Nitika, Anup R Anvikar, Praveen K Bharti","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.388384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.388384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk estimation of chronic kidney disease in a leptospirosis endemic area: A case-control study from south Andaman Islands of India","authors":"Ambreen Fatema, Manjunatha Ramu, Paluru Vijayachari","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.388385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.388385","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To estimate the risk of chronic kidney disease in patients with leptospirosis. Methods: All reported (41 890) and later confirmed leptospirosis (1 990) cases from 2010-2020 were traced by universal sampling. 386 Laboratory-confirmed leptospirosis cases were enrolled and 413 age, gender, area, and occupation matched healthy persons were included as controls. Variables including socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, and health-related behaviours were compared between the two groups and association between these variables and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was analyzed with multiple linear regression. Results: The median of eGFR was 49.0 (27.0, 75.0) mL/min/1.73 m 2 in the cases and 96.0 (72.0, 121.0) mL/min/1.73 m 2 in the controls, showing significant differences ( P <0.001). Bivariate analysis showed that leptospirosis seropositivitiy, repeat leptospirosis infection, diabetes, male gender, working in field (sun exposure), COVID-19 infection and smoking had statistically significant association with reduced eGFR. Leptospirosis seropositivity had negative effects on eGFR. Multiple linear regression confirmed that leptospirosis seropositivity had negative effects on eGFR (unstandardised p coefficients= −30.86, 95% CI −49.7 to −11.9, P <0.001). Conclusions: Chronic kidney disease is a complex disease with multiple risk factors involved. Exposure to leptospirosis is one of the essential factors in accelerating its progression.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136153876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public satisfaction with the quality of First Health Facility Services in Indonesia: Does sociodemographic matter?","authors":"Zainul Khaqiqi Nantabah, Rofingatul Mubasyiroh, Antonius Yudi Kristanto, Lely Indrawati, Astridya Paramita, Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini, Agung Dwi Laksono","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.386257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.386257","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate individual characteristics related to satisfaction with the quality of First Health Facility Services (FHFS) in Indonesia. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzes national representation data. Meanwhile, the study involved 9846 representative respondents in 2019. Respondent's satisfaction with FHFS based on the five dimensions of service quality (SERVQUAL) is a dependent variable. Independent variables consist of sex, marital status, age, education, employment, insurance ownership, and economics. The study used multivariate logistic regression to explain the relationship between individual characteristics and FSHS quality. Results: 77.3% Respondents were satisfied with FHFS, with the highest order of satisfaction dimensions being assurance (59.4%), empathy (57.3%), reliability (53.6%), responsiveness (52.7%), and then tangibility (49.1%). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that divorce was 1.48 more likely than never-married to be satisfied (95% CI 1.17-1.87). Employees were 0.77 less likely than the unemployed to get satisfied (95% CI 0.70-0.86). Respondents with higher education was 0.82 less likely than those with primary education to be satisfied (95% CI 0.67-0.99). Meanwhile, respondents who had government-run insurance were 1.61 more likely than uninsured to be satisfied (95% CI 1.42-1.80). Moreover, the rich were 0.82 less likely than the poor to get satisfied (95% CI 0.73-0.92). Conclusions: Community satisfaction with FHFS is generally high, though some areas could be improved. Demographic factors are still strongly related to satisfaction ratings. The government can assess the quality of services in accordance with standards and disseminate information about service standards for primary facilities to all levels of society, ensuring that service satisfaction is rated as good by all groups.","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135588427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple and purification-free nucleic acid extraction method for rapid diagnosis of malaria","authors":"Lee Phone Youth Zen, Meng Yee Lai, Mohd Hafizi Abdul Hamid, Jenarun Jelip, Rose Nani Mudin, Noor Hafizan Bt Mat Salleh, Netty Darwina Dawam, Nirzayanna Eyan Abdul Ajak, Mohd Ashrin Afiq Bin Zainudin, Yee Ling Lau","doi":"10.4103/1995-7645.345946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.345946","url":null,"abstract":"In a point of care setting for the diagnosis of malaria, DNA extraction using conventional methods are time-consuming and complicated. Therefore, in this study we aim to utilize a simple nucleic acid extraction method to directly extract DNA from blood. This would in turn reduce the time, cost and equipment needed to perform DNA extraction. This method is then coupled with LAMP assay for rapid diagnosis of malaria. We obtained 77 malaria samples, of which 36 were Plasmodium (P.) knowlesi, 10 P. vivax, 10 P. falciparum, 1 P. malariae and 20 healthy blood samples from district hospitals from Selangor, Kelantan, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, and Perak, from 2019 to 2021. All malaria samples tested by LAMP or nested PCR were collected prior to antimalarial treatment. All malaria samples collected were confirmed by microscope at the hospital and cross-checked by Medical Laboratory Technician at the District Health Office. The samples were confirmed by microscopic examination and nested PCR as described by Snounou et al[1] and Imwong et al[2]. The LAMP assay and primers were adapted from Lau et al[3]. The extraction method and buffers were adapted from Zou et al[4] with minor modifications. Blood samples of 60 μL, and 240 μL of lysis buffer [800 mM guanidine hydrochloride, 50 mM Tris (pH 8), 0.5% Triton™ X-100, 1% Tween-20, 40 μg/mL Proteinase K] was used. The tube consisting of blood and lysis buffer mixture was constantly inverted for until homogenous. A 6 mm diameter Whatman grade 1 qualitative filter paper was inserted into the tube was mixed constantly for 1 minute. The filter paper was then removed from the blood lysis mixture and washed in 1 mL of washing buffer [10 mM Tris (pH 8.0), 0.1% Tween-20]. The filter paper was then mixed constantly in the washing buffer for 1 minute. Following that, the filter paper was removed and dipped 5 times into the PCR tube consisting of the LAMP reaction before removing the filter paper. The LAMP assay was incubated in a Loopamp Real time turbidimeter LA 500 (Eiken Chemical Co., Ltd., Japan) at 65 °C for 60 minutes and inactivated at 80 °C for 2 minutes. Limit of detection of the method was performed by using P. knowlesi strain A1H1 obtained from the Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya. P. knowlesi strain A1H1 culture blood was ten-fold serially diluted to parasitemia of 1%, 0.1%, 0.01%, 0.001% and 0.000 1% respectively with healthy blood, and was tested with the above method in triplicates. The clinical sensitivity and specificity of LAMP assay was determined using microscopy as the reference standard methods. Sensitivity was calculated as (number of true positives)/(number of true positives+number of false negatives), and specificity was calculated as (number of true negatives)/(number of true negatives+number of false positives). The DNA extraction method coupled with LAMP has a detection limit of 0.001% parasitemia (5 parasites/μL of blood) (Figure 1). A highly trained technician u","PeriodicalId":8559,"journal":{"name":"Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135587960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}