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Southwestern journal of anthropology最新文献

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The Food of the Gods in Chhattisgarh: Some Structural Features of Hindu Ritual 恰蒂斯加尔邦的神的食物:印度教仪式的一些结构特征
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-10-01 DOI: 10.1086/soutjanth.26.3.3629382
L. Babb
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引用次数: 22
Gifting, Reciprocity, Savings, and Credit in Peasant Oaxaca 瓦哈卡农民的礼物、互惠、储蓄和信贷
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-10-01 DOI: 10.1086/soutjanth.26.3.3629379
R. Beals
{"title":"Gifting, Reciprocity, Savings, and Credit in Peasant Oaxaca","authors":"R. Beals","doi":"10.1086/soutjanth.26.3.3629379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.26.3.3629379","url":null,"abstract":"The traditional peasant economy of Oaxaca, Mexico, recognizes gifting and reciprocity as well as systems of savings and credit. Both spontaneous and ritual gifting use economic goods to create or maintain social ends. In this case reciprocity is informal but necessary to continue the social functions of gifting. Formal systems of reciprocity also exist; they are related to social ends but involve equal returns in kind. Formal reciprocity is also recognized as a means of savings or of obtaining credit to facilitate the meeting of social obligations or to enhance social capital. Reciprocity is distinguished from other systems of savings and credit for primarily economic ends, but it is recognized as similar in nature. All are part of economizing activities.","PeriodicalId":85570,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern journal of anthropology","volume":"26 1","pages":"231 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1086/soutjanth.26.3.3629379","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60750822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 34
Cousin Terms 表弟条款
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629307
J. Goody
{"title":"Cousin Terms","authors":"J. Goody","doi":"10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629307","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt is made to test some of the assumed correlates of cousin terms (kin terms for ego's own generation) by means of the Ethnographic Atlas (1967) as well as by a regional comparison of the material from Northern Ghana. The following correlations are significant: Omaha and patrilineal descent (or inheritance) systems, Crow and matrilineal systems, Eskimo and \"bilateral\" systems, Iroquois and preferred cross-cousin marriage. Eskimo is associated with a type of vertical inheritance that differentiates siblings from cousins. Like the Iroquois, Hawaiian terms are found in all continents with all types of descent system. This usage is associated with prohibited cross-cousin marriage (cousin = sister), but a more general factor is involved; it emphasizes the general equivalence of the kin of a man's own generation and seems broadly appropriate for those societies, outside Eurasia, where men were relatively equal in terms of the basic means of production.","PeriodicalId":85570,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern journal of anthropology","volume":"26 1","pages":"125 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629307","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60750672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Converts and Tradition: The Impact of Christianity on Valley Tonga Religion 皈依者与传统:基督教对汤加谷地宗教的影响
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/SOUTJANTH.26.2.3629308
E. Colson
{"title":"Converts and Tradition: The Impact of Christianity on Valley Tonga Religion","authors":"E. Colson","doi":"10.1086/SOUTJANTH.26.2.3629308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/SOUTJANTH.26.2.3629308","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnographic data on Valley Tonga of Gwembe District, Zambia, are examined for the light they shed on conditions appropriate to the development of revitalization movements. From 1957 through 1963 the majority of Valley Tonga went through a series of disrupting experiences sparked by external events which demonstrated their vulnerability to foreign control. Old communities were broken up by resettlement, their familiar environment was destroyed by a hydroelectric dam, and the political assumptions of their order were outmoded by the ending of the colonial era. It was a time of crisis but the majority of people did not respond with anything comparable to a revitalization movement. In one neighborhood a strong religious zeal associated with Christianity did appear in 1962, shortly after the African victory at the polls brought European power to an end. This movement is examined in terms of its membership, ideology, and impact upon the community. Its highly selective appeal and the content of its message are evidence that the significant factors in its development were local, and that it was a revolt against the domination of the elders rather than a response to a general crisis.","PeriodicalId":85570,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern journal of anthropology","volume":"26 1","pages":"143 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1086/SOUTJANTH.26.2.3629308","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60750712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Saramaka Emigration and Marriage: A Case Study of Social Change 萨拉马卡移民与婚姻:一个社会变迁的个案研究
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629309
R. Price
{"title":"Saramaka Emigration and Marriage: A Case Study of Social Change","authors":"R. Price","doi":"10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629309","url":null,"abstract":"Since the late 19th century, Saramaka men have spent large portions of their lives in wage labor far from tribal territory. The shortage of marriageable men at home has produced significant changes in traditional patterns of betrothal, polygyny, and conjugal residence, as well as in the role definitions of husband and wife. An analysis of how these (and other related) changes occurred is supported by comparative data from neighboring Bush Negro groups. These data also suggest that differences in patterns of emigration may lie behind many of the hitherto unexplained differences in social structure among these groups.","PeriodicalId":85570,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern journal of anthropology","volume":"26 1","pages":"157 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629309","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60750720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Back Matter 回到问题
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629312
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引用次数: 0
Matrilocality, Social Solidarity, and Culture Contact: Three Case Histories 母系地域性、社会团结与文化接触:三个案例
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629311
Mary W. Helms
{"title":"Matrilocality, Social Solidarity, and Culture Contact: Three Case Histories","authors":"Mary W. Helms","doi":"10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629311","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from three seminomadic-semisedentary bilateral societies--the Apache (with special reference to the Chiricahua and Mescalero), the Miskito of eastern Nicaragua, and the Mbayá of the Paraguayan Gran Chaco--hypotheses are presented concerning the adaptive significance of the matrilocal residence pattern characteristic of these groups. It is suggested that the functional value of cores of consanguineally related women lay not in economic activities per se but in their maintenance of traditionally oriented households under conditions of culture contact which necessitated that men be away from home for considerable periods. Matrilocality also facilitated the incorporation of large numbers of captives into these societies.","PeriodicalId":85570,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern journal of anthropology","volume":"26 1","pages":"197 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60750770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Society as Organized Flow: The Tairora Case 社会是有组织的流动:泰罗拉案例
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629306
J. B. Watson
{"title":"Society as Organized Flow: The Tairora Case","authors":"J. B. Watson","doi":"10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629306","url":null,"abstract":"Of roughly twenty years' standing, the analysis of Central Highland New Guinea social systems remains inconclusive. Problematical features basic to these (and perhaps other) social systems have received descriptive cachets like \"looseness,\" \"openness,\" and \"flexibility,\" suggestive of regional peculiarity--even anomaly--but bereft of explanatory value. The significance of intermittent, major realignment of local groups through migration tends to be overlooked. Conventional analytical perspectives of group composition, marriage, descent, and residence stress the statics of groups-on-the-ground. The present paper by contrast emphasizes the organized flow of personnel in space and time. As a case in point, the magnitude of migration en bloc in Tairora society is estimated and a migration-recruitment model outlined. Several theoretical problems arising from this view of Tairora society are listed, and one of them, the recurrent fission of kinsmen and the recruitment of outsiders, is examined for some of its wider implications.","PeriodicalId":85570,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern journal of anthropology","volume":"26 1","pages":"107 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629306","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60750655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 34
On the Conversion of Non-Agnates into Agnates among the Manga, Jimi River, Western Highlands District, New Guinea 论新几内亚西部高地地区吉米河Manga地区非玛瑙向玛瑙的转化
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-07-01 DOI: 10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629310
E. Cook
{"title":"On the Conversion of Non-Agnates into Agnates among the Manga, Jimi River, Western Highlands District, New Guinea","authors":"E. Cook","doi":"10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629310","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines an aspect of a New Guinea kinship terminological system in which \"genealogical amnesia\" has sometimes been cited as causing non-agnates to be re-classified as agnates. I maintain that for the Manga certain non-agnatic kintypes in specific contexts are nominally converted into agnatic kinsmen by consistent application of the kinship terminology. I also imply that the problem of non-agnates in the patrilineage is in part an epistemological problem stemming from the intersection of ethnographical concepts and indigenous concepts. I conclude that \"genealogical amnesia\" is not a causative agent but, rather, that it is induced and is therefore an epiphenomenon, i.e., a by-product.","PeriodicalId":85570,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern journal of anthropology","volume":"26 1","pages":"190 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1086/soutjanth.26.2.3629310","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60750765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Population Pressure and the Social Evolution of Agriculturalists 人口压力与农学家的社会演化
Southwestern journal of anthropology Pub Date : 1970-04-01 DOI: 10.1086/soutjanth.26.1.3629271
M. Harner
{"title":"Population Pressure and the Social Evolution of Agriculturalists","authors":"M. Harner","doi":"10.1086/soutjanth.26.1.3629271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/soutjanth.26.1.3629271","url":null,"abstract":"Growth of population pressure is postulated to be a major determinant of human social evolution through the mechanism of competition for increasingly scarce subsistence resources. In terms of a model for societies practicing agriculture, inter- and intra-group competition for such natural resources is seen as leading to the evolution of more competitively successful cooperative units in descent (in classless societies) and in political structure, and to the evolution of class stratification. A scale for measuring population pressure in agricultural societies is proposed, and the prediction is made that a positive correlation should occur between the postulated population pressure scale and social forms in accordance with the theory. Tests are undertaken, in view of a reappraisal of Galton's problem, using all societies for which appropriate data are adequate in a universe of 1170 cultures. The results of the tests, presented as scatterplots, are consistent with the predictions based upon the theoretical model. The resource scarcity-competition model is successful in predicting evolution in descent as well as in political organization and class stratification.","PeriodicalId":85570,"journal":{"name":"Southwestern journal of anthropology","volume":"26 1","pages":"67 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1086/soutjanth.26.1.3629271","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60747633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 99
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