Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Recent advances on thermosensitive hydrogels-mediated precision therapy","authors":"Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Jiangmei Xu ,&nbsp;Jiangwei Sun ,&nbsp;Yongxin Jiang ,&nbsp;Wang Zheng ,&nbsp;Wei Hu ,&nbsp;Haisheng Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Precision therapy has become the preferred choice attributed to the optimal drug concentration in target sites, increased therapeutic efficacy, and reduced adverse effects. Over the past few years, sprayable or injectable thermosensitive hydrogels have exhibited high therapeutic potential. These can be applied as cell-growing scaffolds or drug-releasing reservoirs by simply mixing in a free-flowing sol phase at room temperature. Inspired by their unique properties, thermosensitive hydrogels have been widely applied as drug delivery and treatment platforms for precision medicine. In this review, the state-of-the-art developments in thermosensitive hydrogels for precision therapy are investigated, which covers from the thermo-gelling mechanisms and main components to biomedical applications, including wound healing, anti-tumor activity, osteogenesis, and periodontal, sinonasal and ophthalmic diseases. The most promising applications and trends of thermosensitive hydrogels for precision therapy are also discussed in light of their unique features.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 3","pages":"Article 100911"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S181808762400028X/pdfft?md5=9e1a9f4505e3f11dd3f195e4a27aff17&pid=1-s2.0-S181808762400028X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140778325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucocorticoids-based prodrug design: Current strategies and research progress","authors":"Hongbing Liu ,&nbsp;Muse Ji ,&nbsp;Peifu Xiao ,&nbsp;Jingxin Gou ,&nbsp;Tian Yin ,&nbsp;Haibing He ,&nbsp;Xing Tang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Attributing to their broad pharmacological effects encompassing anti-inflammation, antitoxin, and immunosuppression, glucocorticoids (GCs) are extensively utilized in the clinic for the treatment of diverse diseases such as lupus erythematosus, nephritis, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, asthma, keratitis, macular edema, and leukemia. However, long-term use often causes undesirable side effects, including metabolic disorders-induced Cushing's syndrome (buffalo back, full moon face, hyperglycemia, etc.), osteoporosis, aggravated infection, psychosis, glaucoma, and cataract. These notorious side effects seriously compromise patients' quality of life, especially in patients with chronic diseases. Therefore, glucocorticoid-based advanced drug delivery systems for reducing adverse effects have received extensive attention. Among them, prodrugs have the advantages of low investment, low risk, and high success rate, making them a promising strategy. In this review, we propose the strategies for the design and summarize current research progress of glucocorticoid-based prodrugs in recent decades, including polymer-based prodrugs, dendrimer-based prodrugs, antibody-drug conjugates, peptide-drug conjugates, carbohydrate-based prodrugs, aliphatic acid-based prodrugs and so on. Besides, we also raise issues that need to be focused on during the development of glucocorticoid-based prodrugs. This review is expected to be helpful for the research and development of novel GCs and prodrugs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 3","pages":"Article 100922"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087624000394/pdfft?md5=1a86498bf675c0b810b1b5ce25a9df62&pid=1-s2.0-S1818087624000394-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140781057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomimetic Integrated Nanozyme for Flare and Recurrence of Gouty Arthritis","authors":"Rui Wang ,&nbsp;Tongyao Liu ,&nbsp;Xinhong Li ,&nbsp;Enhao Lu ,&nbsp;Yiting Chen ,&nbsp;Kuankuan Luo ,&nbsp;Tao Wang ,&nbsp;Xueli Huang ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Shilin Du ,&nbsp;Xianyi Sha","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Flare and multiple recurrences pose significant challenges in gouty arthritis. Traditional treatments provide temporary relief from inflammation but fail to promptly alleviate patient pain or effectively prevent subsequent recurrences. It should also be noted that both anti-inflammation and metabolism of uric acid are necessary for gouty arthritis, calling for therapeutic systems to achieve these two goals simultaneously. In this study, we propose a biomimetic integrated nanozyme, HMPB-Pt@MM, comprising platinum nanozyme and hollow Prussian blue. It demonstrates anti-inflammatory properties by eliminating reactive oxygen species and reducing infiltration of inflammatory macrophages. Additionally, it rapidly targets inflamed ankles through the camouflage of macrophage membranes. Furthermore, HMPB-Pt@MM exhibits urate oxidase-like capabilities, continuously metabolizing locally elevated uric acid concentrations, ultimately inhibiting multiple recurrences of gouty arthritis. In summary, HMPB-Pt@MM integrates ROS clearance with uric acid metabolism, offering a promising platform for the treatment of gouty arthritis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 3","pages":"Article 100913"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087624000308/pdfft?md5=ae817b13af18eab2a96c3b71ceede50d&pid=1-s2.0-S1818087624000308-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140788973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor microenvironment reprogramming by nanomedicine to enhance the effect of tumor immunotherapy","authors":"Yu Huang ,&nbsp;Hui Fan ,&nbsp;Huihui Ti","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the rapid development of the fields of tumor biology and immunology, tumor immunotherapy has been used in clinical practice and has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential, particularly for treating tumors that do not respond to standard treatment options. Despite its advances, immunotherapy still has limitations, such as poor clinical response rates and differences in individual patient responses, largely because tumor tissues have strong immunosuppressive microenvironments. Many tumors have a tumor microenvironment (TME) that is characterized by hypoxia, low pH, and substantial numbers of immunosuppressive cells, and these are the main factors limiting the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. The TME is crucial to the occurrence, growth, and metastasis of tumors. Therefore, numerous studies have been devoted to improving the effects of immunotherapy by remodeling the TME. Effective regulation of the TME and reversal of immunosuppressive conditions are effective strategies for improving tumor immunotherapy. The use of multidrug combinations to improve the TME is an efficient way to enhance antitumor immune efficacy. However, the inability to effectively target drugs decreases therapeutic effects and causes toxic side effects. Nanodrug delivery carriers have the advantageous ability to enhance drug bioavailability and improve drug targeting. Importantly, they can also regulate the TME and deliver large or small therapeutic molecules to decrease the inhibitory effect of the TME on immune cells. Therefore, nanomedicine has great potential for reprogramming immunosuppressive microenvironments and represents a new immunotherapeutic strategy. Therefore, this article reviews strategies for improving the TME and summarizes research on synergistic nanomedicine approaches that enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 100902"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087624000199/pdfft?md5=999152305d8eff90cdeed688376a5a6d&pid=1-s2.0-S1818087624000199-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140156861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming neutrophil-induced immunosuppression in postoperative cancer therapy: Combined sialic acid-modified liposomes with scaffold-based vaccines","authors":"Cong Li,&nbsp;Lihong Wang,&nbsp;Kexin Zhang,&nbsp;Zeyu Wang,&nbsp;Zhihang Li,&nbsp;Zehao Li,&nbsp;Lijiang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Immunotherapy is a promising approach for preventing postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis. However, inflammatory neutrophils, recruited to the postoperative tumor site, have been shown to exacerbate tumor regeneration and limit the efficacy of cancer vaccines. Consequently, addressing postoperative immunosuppression caused by neutrophils is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. This study presents a combined chemoimmunotherapeutic strategy that employs a biocompatible macroporous scaffold-based cancer vaccine (S-CV) and a sialic acid (SA)-modified, doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded liposomal platform (DOX@SAL). The S-CV contains whole tumor lysates as antigens and imiquimod (R837, Toll-like receptor 7 activator)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles as immune adjuvants for cancer, which enhance dendritic cell activation and cytotoxic T cell proliferation upon localized implantation. When administered intravenously, DOX@SAL specifically targets and delivers drugs to activated neutrophils <em>in vivo</em>, mitigating neutrophil infiltration and suppressing postoperative inflammatory responses. <em>In vivo</em> and <em>vitro</em> experiments have demonstrated that S-CV plus DOX@SAL, a combined chemo-immunotherapeutic strategy, has a remarkable potential to inhibit postoperative local tumor recurrence and distant tumor progression, with minimal systemic toxicity, providing a new concept for postoperative treatment of tumors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 100906"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087624000230/pdfft?md5=933a0e2aec5ccb44aba58479cf19b745&pid=1-s2.0-S1818087624000230-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140204316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-derived microparticles and their cargos: The past, present and future","authors":"Jingwen Guo ,&nbsp;Bufeng Cui ,&nbsp;Jie Zheng ,&nbsp;Chang Yu ,&nbsp;Xuran Zheng ,&nbsp;Lixin Yi ,&nbsp;Simeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Keke Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100907","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>All eukaryotic cells can secrete extracellular vesicles, which have a double-membrane structure and are important players in the intercellular communication involved in a variety of important biological processes. Platelets form platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) in response to activation, injury, or apoptosis. This review introduces the origin, pathway, and biological functions of PMPs and their importance in physiological and pathological processes. In addition, we review the potential applications of PMPs in cancer, vascular homeostasis, thrombosis, inflammation, neural regeneration, biomarkers, and drug carriers to achieve targeted drug delivery. In addition, we comprehensively report on the origin, biological functions, and applications of PMPs. The clinical transformation, high heterogeneity, future development direction, and limitations of the current research on PMPs are also discussed in depth. Evidence has revealed that PMPs play an important role in cell-cell communication, providing clues for the development of PMPs as carriers for relevant cell-targeted drugs. The development history and prospects of PMPs and their cargos are explored in this guidebook.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 100907"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087624000242/pdfft?md5=3ff47aa50b4d9125dc4ec813343a5209&pid=1-s2.0-S1818087624000242-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140282817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ injectable hydrogel encapsulating Mn/NO-based immune nano-activator for prevention of postoperative tumor recurrence","authors":"Shengnan Huang ,&nbsp;Chenyang Zhou ,&nbsp;Chengzhi Song ,&nbsp;Xiali Zhu ,&nbsp;Mingsan Miao ,&nbsp;Chunming Li ,&nbsp;Shaofeng Duan ,&nbsp;Yurong Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Postoperative tumor recurrence remains a predominant cause of treatment failure. In this study, we developed an <em>in situ</em> injectable hydrogel, termed MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel, which was locally formed within the tumor resection cavity. The MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel was fabricated by mixing a thrombin solution, a fibrinogen solution containing all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and a Mn/NO-based immune nano-activator termed MPB-NO@DOX. ATRA promoted the differentiation of cancer stem cells, inhibited cancer cell migration, and affected the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. The outer MnO₂ shell disintegrated due to its reaction with glutathione and hydrogen peroxide in the cytoplasm to release Mn²⁺ and produce O₂, resulting in the release of doxorubicin (DOX). The released DOX entered the nucleus and destroyed DNA, and the fragmented DNA cooperated with Mn²⁺ to activate the cGAS-STING pathway and stimulate an anti-tumor immune response. In addition, when MPB-NO@DOX was exposed to 808 nm laser irradiation, the Fe-NO bond was broken to release NO, which downregulated the expression of PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells and reversed the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In conclusion, the MPB-NO@DOX + ATRA gel exhibited excellent anti-tumor efficacy. The results of this study demonstrated the great potential of <em>in situ</em> injectable hydrogels in preventing postoperative tumor recurrence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 100901"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087624000187/pdfft?md5=b3681e2629d372d806369b0a30484239&pid=1-s2.0-S1818087624000187-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140053695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edaravone-loaded poly(amino acid) nanogel inhibits ferroptosis for neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia injury","authors":"Yunhan Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhulin Zou ,&nbsp;Shuang Liu ,&nbsp;Fangfang Chen ,&nbsp;Minglu Li ,&nbsp;Haoyang Zou ,&nbsp;Haiyan Liu ,&nbsp;Jianxun Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Neurological injury caused by ischemic stroke is a major cause of permanent disability and death. The currently available neuroprotective drugs fail to achieve desired therapeutic efficacy mainly due to short circulation half-life and poor blood−brain barrier (BBB) permeability. For that, an edaravone-loaded pH/glutathione (pH/GSH) dual-responsive poly(amino acid) nanogel (NG/EDA) was developed to improve the neuroprotection of EDA. The nanogel was triggered by acidic and EDA-induced high-level GSH microenvironments, which enabled the selective and sustained release of EDA at the site of ischemic injury. NG/EDA exhibited a uniform sub-spherical morphology with a mean hydrodynamic diameter of 112.3 ± 8.2 nm. NG/EDA efficiently accumulated at the cerebral ischemic injury site of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) mice, showing an efficient BBB crossing feature. Notably, NG/EDA with 50 µM EDA significantly increased neuron survival (29.3%) following oxygen and glucose deprivation by inhibiting ferroptosis. In addition, administering NG/EDA for 7 d significantly reduced infarct volume to 22.2% ± 7.2% and decreased neurobehavioral scores from 9.0 ± 0.6 to 2.0 ± 0.8. Such a pH/GSH dual-responsive nanoplatform might provide a unique and promising modality for neuroprotection in ischemic stroke and other central nervous system diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 100886"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087624000035/pdfft?md5=4a2ddbf84e1e1e953be25b615bca6486&pid=1-s2.0-S1818087624000035-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139772324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-tuning the activation behaviors of ternary modular cabazitaxel prodrugs for efficient and on-target oral anti-cancer therapy","authors":"Mingyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yifan Miao ,&nbsp;Can Zhao ,&nbsp;Tong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiyan Wang ,&nbsp;Zixuan Wang ,&nbsp;Wenxin Zhong ,&nbsp;Zhonggui He ,&nbsp;Chutong Tian ,&nbsp;Jin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The disulfide bond plays a crucial role in the design of anti-tumor prodrugs due to its exceptional tumor-specific redox responsiveness. However, premature breaking of disulfide bonds is triggered by small amounts of reducing substances (<em>e.g.</em>, ascorbic acid, glutathione, uric acid and tea polyphenols) in the systemic circulation. This may lead to toxicity, particularly in oral prodrugs that require more frequent and high-dose treatments. Fine-tuning the activation kinetics of these prodrugs is a promising prospect for more efficient on-target cancer therapies. In this study, disulfide, steric disulfide, and ester bonds were used to bridge cabazitaxel (CTX) to an intestinal lymph vessel-directed triglyceride (TG) module. Then, synthetic prodrugs were efficiently incorporated into self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (corn oil and Maisine CC were used as the oil phase and Cremophor EL as the surfactant). All three prodrugs had excellent gastric stability and intestinal permeability. The oral bioavailability of the disulfide bond-based prodrugs (CTX-(C)S-(C)S-TG and CTX-S-S-TG) was 11.5- and 19.1-fold higher than that of the CTX solution, respectively, demonstrating good oral delivery efficiency. However, the excessive reduction sensitivity of the disulfide bond resulted in lower plasma stability and safety of CTX-S-S-TG than that of CTX-(C)S-(C)S-TG. Moreover, introducing steric hindrance into disulfide bonds could also modulate drug release and cytotoxicity, significantly improving the anti-tumor activity even compared to that of intravenous CTX solution at half dosage while minimizing off-target adverse effects. Our findings provide insights into the design and fine-tuning of different disulfide bond-based linkers, which may help identify oral prodrugs with more potent therapeutic efficacy and safety for cancer therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 100908"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087624000254/pdfft?md5=7707ff414e46d464a681359d4b689802&pid=1-s2.0-S1818087624000254-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140402283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionic liquids as the effective technology for enhancing transdermal drug delivery: Design principles, roles, mechanisms, and future challenges","authors":"Xuejun Chen ,&nbsp;Ziqing Li ,&nbsp;Chunrong Yang ,&nbsp;Degong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ionic liquids (ILs) have been proven to be an effective technology for enhancing drug transdermal absorption. However, due to the unique structural components of ILs, the design of efficient ILs and elucidation of action mechanisms remain to be explored. In this review, basic design principles of ideal ILs for transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) are discussed considering melting point, skin permeability, and toxicity, which depend on the molar ratios, types, functional groups of ions and inter-ionic interactions. Secondly, the contributions of ILs to the development of TDDS through different roles are described: as novel skin penetration enhancers for enhancing transdermal absorption of drugs; as novel solvents for improving the solubility of drugs in carriers; as novel active pharmaceutical ingredients (API-ILs) for regulating skin permeability, solubility, release, and pharmacokinetic behaviors of drugs; and as novel polymers for the development of smart medical materials. Moreover, diverse action mechanisms, mainly including the interactions among ILs, drugs, polymers, and skin components, are summarized. Finally, future challenges related to ILs are discussed, including underlying quantitative structure-activity relationships, complex interaction forces between anions, drugs, polymers and skin microenvironment, long-term stability, and <em>in vivo</em> safety issues. In summary, this article will promote the development of TDDS based on ILs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8539,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"19 2","pages":"Article 100900"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1818087624000175/pdfft?md5=68103cdbbcaa8d7bdbf76d01159caa5e&pid=1-s2.0-S1818087624000175-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140053771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}