Ethiopian journal of development research最新文献_第3页

Determinants of family planning behaviour among married women in the Amhara regional state: a social psychological approach 阿姆哈拉地区国家已婚妇女计划生育行为的决定因素:一种社会心理学方法

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2009-05-14 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V29I2.42710

Reda Darge

{"title":"Determinants of family planning behaviour among married women in the Amhara regional state: a social psychological approach","authors":"Reda Darge","doi":"10.4314/EJDR.V29I2.42710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJDR.V29I2.42710","url":null,"abstract":"Prompted by increased concern about population growth the present study examined the role of psychological variables namely physiological needs, security needs, belongingness needs, and openness to change as mediators of the effects of educational level, place of residence, and income level (all of which are socio economic variables) on family planning practice. Data pertaining to these variables were obtained from 229 randomly selected married women in the Amhara region (in the north – west part of Ethiopia). Socio economic indices, family planning practice, and psychological characteristics, were measured using a questionnaire. Analyses involving, mainly multiple regression and partial correlation analyses revealed that the socio-economic variables do not independently contribute to variation in family planning practice. However, the variables appear to have an effect on family planning practice indirectly via their significant relations with the psychological variables. The importance of the results, particularly in relation to the role of the psychological characteristics in determining the social behavior, and the kinds of the socio-economic conditions that help to develop the psychological characteristics are discussed.","PeriodicalId":84691,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of development research","volume":"295 1","pages":"65-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83038643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Efficacy of Motivationally Related Variables and Family Interaction in Predicting Academic Achievement among High School Students 动机相关变量与家庭互动对高中生学业成绩的预测效果

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2008-06-27 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V28I2.38641

Y. Endawoke, E. Witruk

{"title":"The Efficacy of Motivationally Related Variables and Family Interaction in Predicting Academic Achievement among High School Students","authors":"Y. Endawoke, E. Witruk","doi":"10.4314/EJDR.V28I2.38641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJDR.V28I2.38641","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of family interaction, self-efficacy, educational value, academic motivation and helplessness on academic performance using data from 203 (125 male and 78 female) high school students. Correlational analysis indicated strong relations among the variables. Results from path model revealed that educational value, academic motivation, and family interaction directly predicted academic performance; self-efficacy directly predicted educational value, academic motivation, and helplessness. However, contrary to available literature, self-efficacy did not significantly predict academic performance. Academic motivation and educational value have directly influenced performance but the direct influence of helplessness on performance failed to reach significance. As expected, self-efficacy played a mediational role between family interaction and the other independent variables. The joint contribution of the variables including sex to the variance of performance was 48.8%. However, academic motivation, educational value, and family interaction alone accounted for 48.7% in the variance of performance. Ethiopian Journal of Development Research Vol. 28 (2) 2006: pp. 63-90","PeriodicalId":84691,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of development research","volume":"213 1","pages":"63-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73583953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Heading Households and Heading Businesses: Women in the Urban Informal Sector in Southern Ethiopia 户主家庭和户主企业:埃塞俄比亚南部城市非正规部门的妇女

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2008-06-27 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V29I1.38644

T. Lika

{"title":"Heading Households and Heading Businesses: Women in the Urban Informal Sector in Southern Ethiopia","authors":"T. Lika","doi":"10.4314/EJDR.V29I1.38644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJDR.V29I1.38644","url":null,"abstract":"The study was aimed at assessing female labour force participation in the urban informal sector with a view to reflecting on their roles in heading households and heading businesses. The target groups were women entrepreneurs running informal sector businesses in two towns of Gedeo Zonei in SNNPRii. Using a multi-stage sampling procedure relevant information was collected from owners of 150 (90 from Dilla town and 60 from Yirgacheffe town) informal sector premises. The methods used to obtain the data included household surveys, personal observations and book and document reviews.\u0000The results of the study reveal that female -headed households are challenged by the dual role of heading households and heading businesses. Poor business premises, unstable and inadequate income, and other constraints related to access to credit facilities, equipment, market and inputs were observed. The empirical analysis on the determinants of level of living and earnings identified some factors of policy relevance. Most of the variables are statistically significant. The study urges the need to develop strategies that empower women with regard to their economic rights, assigning a value to their productive roles and subsistence activities. Keywords : gender, informal sector participation, productive roles and household security Ethiopian Journal of Development Research Vol. 29 (1) 2007: pp. 71-98","PeriodicalId":84691,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of development research","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90155433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Correlates of Domestic Violence against Women in Bahr Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区巴赫尔达尔妇女遭受家庭暴力的相关因素

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2008-06-27 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V28I2.38640

T. Tilahun, A. Hailemariam

{"title":"Correlates of Domestic Violence against Women in Bahr Dar, Amhara Region, Ethiopia","authors":"T. Tilahun, A. Hailemariam","doi":"10.4314/EJDR.V28I2.38640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJDR.V28I2.38640","url":null,"abstract":"In many developing countries, domestic violence has recently become not only human rights or public health concern but also a development issue. Studies suggest that Ethiopia has the highest prevalence of domestic violence against women. However, evidence from representative, population-based studies is limited and the factors that contribute to this high level of domestic violence are not well documented. This study, using data collected from a sample of married women aged 15-49, attempted to identify the correlates of domestic violence against women in Bahr Dar, the capital city of Amhara Region. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used in the data analysis. Findings show that a high proportion of the study population experienced recent threats or physical abuse (58%) and that more than 60% of these women reported three or more specific acts of violence over a period of 12 months. Respondents' age, duration of current marriage, number of children greater than four, household size, education, type of marriage arrangement, type of family, and husbands' alcohol drinking habit emerged as powerful risk factors for domestic violence against women. While age at marriage, work status, attitude towards gender roles and decision making in the conjugal household and respondents' experience of fathers beating mothers were found to be weak predictors of violence against women. Eliminating harmful practices such as arranged marriage or marriage by force, enhancing female education, and improving gender equity are suggested as possible interventions for reducing the prevalence of domestic violence against women. Keywords : intimate partner; women; risk factors; alcohol drinking; police Ethiopian Journal of Development Research Vol. 28 (2) 2006: pp. 31-62","PeriodicalId":84691,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of development research","volume":"92 1","pages":"31-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79504743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Rainfall Variability and Agricultural Vulnerability in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚阿姆哈拉地区的降雨变异性和农业脆弱性

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2008-06-27 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V29I1.38642

W. Bewket

{"title":"Rainfall Variability and Agricultural Vulnerability in the Amhara Region, Ethiopia","authors":"W. Bewket","doi":"10.4314/EJDR.V29I1.38642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJDR.V29I1.38642","url":null,"abstract":"Ethiopian agriculture is mostly rain fed, whereas inter-annual and seasonal rainfall variability is high and droughts are frequent in many parts of the country. Rainfall variability has historically been a major cause of food insecurity and famines in the country. Surprisingly, however, the relationships between rainfall variability and fluctuations in agricultural production at regional and sub-regional scales have not been studied in detail. The objective of this study is to analyze rainfall variability and trends, and examine vulnerability of food grain production to rainfall variability in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. The data used for the study were historical rainfall records from 12 stations (for the 1975-2003 period) and available time series data on area coverage, production and yield of cereals during the meher season- main growing season (for the 1994-2003 period). The results reveal that there are significant intra-regional differences in rainfall amount, variability and trend; and the variability increases as rainfall amount decreases. Rainfall amount is higher and its variability lower in the western part of the region than in the eastern. Four drought years have occurred over the period 1975-2003, of which two were extreme in severity. Examination of trends in annual and seasonal rainfall generally shows absence of any systematic patterns of change across the region. Significant correlations were observed between the seasonal rainfall and crop production. Inter-annual and seasonal rainfall variability is therefore an important influence on food security of farming households; it also suggests that predicted climatic change will have significant impacts. Hence, water resources development including household level rainwater harvesting needs to be widely undertaken as it has a potential to serve as an adaptation strategy to current rainfall variability as well as to future changes in the climate. Ethiopian Journal of Development Research Vol. 29 (1) 2007: pp. 1-34","PeriodicalId":84691,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of development research","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90322939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Causes of Conflict and Conflict Resolution Styles among Bahir Dar University Students 巴希尔达尔大学学生冲突原因及冲突解决方式

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2008-06-27 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V29I1.38643

Dawit Mekonnen Mihiretie, Y. Endawoke

{"title":"Causes of Conflict and Conflict Resolution Styles among Bahir Dar University Students","authors":"Dawit Mekonnen Mihiretie, Y. Endawoke","doi":"10.4314/EJDR.V29I1.38643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJDR.V29I1.38643","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the causes of conflict and conflict resolution styles among university students. The participants were 390 (49 female and 341 male) sophomore (87.7%), junior (5.6%), and senior (6.7%) university students. Students identified themselves as Amhara, Oromo, Tigre, and as belonging to other ethnic groups. Results from qualitative analysis indicated that the major sources of conflict were ethnicity, religious diversity, defying rules, and sexual and love affairs, in that order. Students reported that the major conflict resolution styles were compromise, avoiding, third-party mediation, and dominating. Results from quantitative analysis, on other hand, showed that integration, compromise, and obliging were the most frequently used styles of conflict resolution. ANOVA showed that sex differences were found in dominating in favour of males. Ethnic differences were observed in integration and dominating, the Oromo tending to use more of integration than Amhara and Tigre, dominating being used by Amhara and Tigre. Amhara and Tigre students use dominating more recurrently than Oromo and other groups. Discussions on major findings and implications for preventive interventions are included. Ethiopian Journal of Development Research Vol. 29 (1) 2007: pp. 35-70","PeriodicalId":84691,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of development research","volume":"6 4 1","pages":"35-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83677548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Adoption and Impact of Improved Wheat Technology: The case of Hula Woreda, Ethiopia. 改良小麦技术的采用及其影响:以埃塞俄比亚胡拉沃雷达为例。

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2008-06-27 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V28I2.38639

G. Degu, L. Dadi, W. Negatu

{"title":"Adoption and Impact of Improved Wheat Technology: The case of Hula Woreda, Ethiopia.","authors":"G. Degu, L. Dadi, W. Negatu","doi":"10.4314/EJDR.V28I2.38639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/EJDR.V28I2.38639","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides information on the factors affecting adoption and the impact of wheat technologies. It also identifies the adoption rates and patterns of adoption of wheat technologies in the study area. The study was based on the data collected using from 124 randomly selected households. The survey was conducted structured questionnaire. In addition, secondary data collected from relevant sources were used to substantiate the primary data. Tobit model was used to identify factors affecting adoption and intensity of use of improved wheat varieties. Fourteen explanatory variables were included in the model. Among these fertilizer use, income and access to credit were important factors influencing adoption and intensity of use of improved wheat varieties. The impacts of improved wheat varieties also portray the increase of the farmers' production of wheat varieties and improve their incomes as farmers adopted wheat technologies. The financial analysis using the partial budgeting method and price sensitivity analysis substantially ascertain the profitability of the adopted improved wheat technologies. Ethiopian Journal of Development Research Vol. 28 (2) 2006: pp. 1-30","PeriodicalId":84691,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian journal of development research","volume":"70 1","pages":"1-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83821534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Determinants of small farm household food security: evidence from South Wollo, Ethiopia 小农场家庭粮食安全的决定因素:来自埃塞俄比亚南沃罗的证据

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2007-09-05 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V28I1.38636

W. Negatu

引用次数: 19

The reactions of Bahir Dar University students to moral dilemmas related to corruction: implications for moral education programmes 巴希尔达尔大学学生对与腐败有关的道德困境的反应:对道德教育计划的启示

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2007-07-25 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V27I2.38634

Reda Darge

引用次数: 1

The effects of grade, self-efficacy, learned-helpnessness, and cognitive engagement on liking mathematics among primary school students 年级、自我效能感、习得性无助和认知投入对小学生喜欢数学的影响

Ethiopian journal of development research Pub Date : 2007-07-25 DOI: 10.4314/EJDR.V27I2.38635

Y. Endawoke

引用次数: 4