Arthropod-Plant Interactions最新文献

{"title":"Crop pollination by native honey bees (Apis cerana) at risk due to agricultural intensification","authors":"Bounsanong Chouangthavy","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10197-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10197-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agricultural intensification in Lao PDR has steadily increased, driving of natural habitats into intensively managed agricultural landscapes. However, its impact on native pollinators, particularly the Asian honey bee (<i>Apis cerana</i>), remains poorly understood. This study examined the effects of two contrasting agricultural systems: agroecology and conventional agriculture on <i>A. cerana</i> abundance in central Lao PDR. Surveys were conducted year-round across ten plots (30 × 50 m) separated by 3 km between the two landscapes. Results revealed that native honey bee abundance was significantly higher in agroecology than in conventional agriculture plots. Abundance also varied throughout the year, with peaks during January, June, July and August. Time of the day further influenced bee activity, with morning sampling yielding higher counts than afternoon. In addition, flowering plant abundance and richness were positively associated with <i>A. cerana</i> abundance, highlighting the importance of floral resources in shaping foraging dynamics. These findings demonstrate that agricultural practices, floral availability, and temporal factors collectively influence native honey bee populations. Promoting agroecological systems that sustain floral resources is therefore critical for supporting pollinator health and maintaining stable crop pollination services in Lao PDR.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11829-025-10197-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatile-mediated defense and metabolic responses in flowering tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) under serpentine leaf miner (Liriomyza trifolii) infestation","authors":"Sourav Manna,&nbsp;Ishita Paul,&nbsp;Subhadeep Das,&nbsp;Riya Saha,&nbsp;Oishika Chatterjee,&nbsp;Mousumi Poddar Sarkar","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10195-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10195-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The serpentine leaf miner [<i>Liriomyza trifolii</i> (Burgess)] has become a major pest of tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.) in India. Physiological responses of flowering <i>S. lycopersicum</i> plants to three degrees of <i>L. trifolii</i> infestation (low, moderate, severe) were explored in this study. Compared to non-infested (control) plants, foliar volatiles appeared to be more enriched in sesquiterpenes (mainly β-caryophyllene) at the expense of monoterpenes (mainly β-phellandrene) with more severe infestation. Molecular docking (in silico) indicated strong binding affinities of β-caryophyllene with chitin synthase, acetylcholinesterase and α-amylase in leaf miners, suggesting interfering roles of sesquiterpenes in feeding activity, nerve impulse propagation and development in these herbivores. Foliar chlorophyll contents, photosynthetic efficiency, polyunsaturated fatty acids (particularly membrane glycolipids) and soluble sugar levels were found to decline with higher degrees of infestation. Loss of leaf tissue by herbivory was characterized by rapidly rising antioxidant enzyme activities, by these parameters steadied or declined under the maximal observed damage conditions. Endogenous increments in antioxidant enzymes and total phenolics, including tannins (a specialized class of phenolics), were the main defense response under low or moderate degrees of herbivory, but more carbon-expensive flavonoids and terpenoids were up-regulated under higher degrees of leaf tissue damage. These patterns indicated diversion of metabolic pathways toward optimized phytochemical defense under resource limitation brought about by severe degrees of herbivory. Extensive leaf tissue damage also affected the biochemical profiles of flowers (such as sugar depletion and less diverse volatilome) – potentially causing loss of reproductive success. These observations are expected to contribute to in situ pest management via semiochemical-based approaches and timely mitigation of stress brought about by <i>L. trifolii</i> infestations in standing tomato crop.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut symbiont Serratia symbiotica influences feeding and locomotor behavior of aphid host Aphis fabae","authors":"Alisa Hamidović,&nbsp;Arnaud Ameline,&nbsp;Linda Dhondt,&nbsp;François Renoz,&nbsp;Thomas Denoirjean,&nbsp;Thierry Hance","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10193-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10193-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacterial symbioses are important drivers of insect evolutionary ecology; although they can influence insect physiology and a range of phenotypic traits, little is known about their influence at a behavioral level. Aphids are suitable model systems to tackle this question, as they have evolved a diversity of associations with symbiotic bacteria. Here, experiments were conducted to assess the influence of aphid gut symbiont <i>Serratia symbiotica</i> (strain CWBI-2.3^T) on <i>Aphis fabae</i>’s behavior. Quantification of aphid size highlights the symbiont’s negative impact on size and biomass, confirming its adverse effect on host fitness; infection also impacts water uptake, but assessment of lipid contents suggests no influence on energy budget. Monitoring of feeding behavior via direct current electrical penetration graph (DC-EPG) shows that total duration of probing in the host plant is longer in infected aphids, particularly when the infection is at an advanced stage. Moreover, infection delays the time taken for the aphid to probe for the first time, while negatively impacting phloem sap uptake. Locomotor behavior assays on a target arena show an increase in intrinsic movement, dispersal, and velocity in infected aphids. Overall, these results suggest that aphid behavior can be severely affected by symbionts encountered in their environment. As <i>S. symbiotica</i> CWBI-2.3^T readily circulates in plants, we hypothesize that these behavioral modulations enhance its transmission to plants and potentially other aphids, which could also have implications for pest dispersal and the epidemiology of phytopathogens they vector. Our study marks a step forward toward a better understanding of the influential role of bacterial symbionts on insect behavior, an area that remains to be explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of floral herbivores associated with Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (Martius and Choisy) in a seasonally dry rainforest","authors":"Thiago Vinicius de Andrade Henriques,&nbsp;Joanny Kelly Silva Santos dos Martins,&nbsp;Juliana Luna Moreira de Faria,&nbsp;Jarcilene Silva de Almeida","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10191-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10191-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multitrophic interactions occur when different systems are interconnected, forming a networks that performs various functions within an ecosystem, wherein all organisms involved are mutually affected. As primary producers, plants serve as an energy source for the entire consumer network, and their reproductive success directly and indirectly influences the structure of trophic chains. This study aimed to examine the temporal variation of floral herbivores in the plant species <i>Ipomoea carnea</i> subsp. <i>fistulosa</i> (Convolvulaceae) within a Caatinga area. Data were collected over 12 months at Fazenda Tamanduá, Paraíba, Brazil, using the ecological model of the species <i>I. carnea</i> subsp<i>. fistulosa</i>. Herbivory on previously marked plants was observed, and associated arthropods were actively collected using nets, entomological aspirators, and manual methods. Data analyses involved ANOVA for insect species richness and abundance, linear regression for plant production versus precipitation, and Shannon–Wiener and Simpson diversity indices. These arthropods were classified into ecological guilds: suckers, chewers, and borers. Our key findings indicate that: (I) flowers exhibited greater abundance and species richness compared to buds and fruits; (II) herbivore abundance and richness were higher during months with higher rainfall; and (III) chewers were more abundant than other herbivore guilds. Our results illuminate the influence of seasonality on the diversity of floral herbivores and underscore the importance of <i>I. carnea</i> subsp<i>. fistulosa</i> as a resource for local arthropod fauna during the dry season.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-stage, two-sex life table, and host plant selection behavior of the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on three Brassica juncea cultivars and one Brassica rapa cultivar","authors":"Mi Tian,&nbsp;Lin-kui Li,&nbsp;Zi-hua Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10194-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10194-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Myzus persicae</i> Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is one of the most destructive pests of <i>Brassica</i> crops, and <i>Brassica juncea</i> (L.) Czern (Brassicaceae) is an important crop in China. In this study, the life history data for <i>M. persicae</i> in one <i>Brassica rapa</i> L. (Brassicaceae) cultivar and three <i>B. juncea</i> cultivars were collected under laboratory conditions, and we also measured the glucosinolate content in the leaves of these host plants. Compared to the <i>B. rapa</i> plant Shanghaiqing (SHQ), the fecundity, net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, and total longevity <i>of M. persicae</i> were significantly lower, and the mean generation time was significantly longer on the <i>B. juncea</i> varieties [Huaye qingcai (HYQ), Renben guangtoujie (RBGTJ), and Shuidong jiecai (SDJ)]. In the choice test, <i>M. persicae</i> exhibited a significant host selection preference ranking in the order of SHQ &gt; RBGTJ &gt; HYQ &gt; SDJ. The total glucosinolate contents in the leaves of the different plants, ranked from highest to lowest, were as follows: SDJ &gt; HYQ &gt; RBGTJ &gt; SHQ. These results indicate that the glucosinolate content in <i>Brassica</i> leaves is negatively correlated with the life history performance and host plant selection of <i>M. persicae</i>. These findings provide important evidence that the <i>M. persicae</i> resistance of <i>B. rapa</i> and <i>B. juncea</i> is influenced by the total glucosinolate content in their leaves. We reported the life table of <i>M. persicae</i> in <i>B. juncea</i> plants for the first time; according to the developmental data of <i>M. persicae</i> in the laboratory<i>,</i> we can predict the control period of <i>M. persicae</i> on <i>B. juncea</i> plants, contributing to integrated pest management of <i>B. juncea</i> plants in future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insecticidal potential of bioactive compounds extracted from Phyllanthus acidus L. leaf against medically important mosquito species","authors":"Arpita Gope,&nbsp;Anjali Rawani","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10192-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10192-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mosquitoes are major disease vectors, causing millions of deaths annually. Resistance to chemical insecticides has reduced their effectiveness, prompting the need for safer alternatives, such as plant-derived phytochemicals. This research assessed the effectiveness of solvent extracts derived from mature <i>Phyllanthus acidus</i> leaves on different developmental stages of <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>, <i>Culex vishnui</i>, and <i>Aedes albopictus</i>. Six solvent extracts, namely petroleum ether, n-hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform: methanol (1:1 v/v), acetone, and ethanol, were prepared using leaves. Among them, ethanol leaf extract showed the highest larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal, and repellent activities. The ethanol extracts demonstrated significant mosquito mortality, with LC₅₀ values of 21.32, 18.87, and 51.62 ppm for third instar larvae of <i>Cx. quinquefasciatus</i>, <i>Cx. vishnui</i>, and <i>Ae. albopictus,</i> respectively. The pupicidal activity was notably higher in ethanol-based leaf extracts, with an LC₅₀ value of 98.44 ppm with <i>Cx. vishnui</i> being the most susceptible species. In adulticidal and smoke toxicity tests, ethanol leaf extracts showed strong effects, causing 86.74–96.18% knockdown. Effective extracts were further purified using column and thin-layer chromatography. FTIR analysis identified several bioactive functional groups, such as hydroxyl, nitro, alkoxy, amino, and halogen groups. LC–MS analysis confirmed the presence of jatrorrhizine (C₂₀H₂₀NO₄), a potent alkaloid with known biological activity that interferes with mosquito physiology by disrupting neurotransmission, altering enzyme functions, impairing respiration, and compromising the integrity of the midgut. Importantly, bioassays showed no toxicity toward non-target organisms. The data suggest that the ethanol extract of the leaves of <i>P. acidus</i> shows promise as an eco-friendly agent for controlling medically significant vectors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water and nutrient stress modify aster leafhopper probing behavior in canola plants","authors":"Berenice Romero,&nbsp;Tyler Hartl,&nbsp;Sean Prager","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10189-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10189-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drought-induced stress and nutrient deficiency are the most studied abiotic stresses due to their complex effects on plants. As the consequences of climate change become more apparent, few studies have considered the effects of these abiotic stresses on plant–insect interactions. The aster leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: <i>Macrosteles quadrilineatus</i> Forbes) is the main vector of Aster Yellows phytoplasma (AYp), a plant pathogen that can infect several plant species in the Western Canadian Prairies and the United States Upper Midwest, including cereals and canola. The mechanisms of insect nutrition and AYp transmission have an intimate association with the probing behavior of aster leafhoppers, namely with phloem-associated behaviors such as phloem ingestion and phloem salivation. The aim of this study is to examine the probing behavior of aster leafhoppers on canola grown under water stress, nutrient stress, and controlled conditions using the electropenetrography technique. Aster leafhoppers on stressed plants spent 62–63% of their time probing, while insects on control plants spent 45% of their time doing so. Aster leafhoppers on water-stressed plants were more likely to ingest from xylem tissues compared to insects in the other treatments. While aster leafhoppers from the different treatments spent 14–19% of their time ingesting from phloem, differences were observed in their ability to salivate into these tissues. Insects on nutrient-stressed plants spent more time salivating in the phloem compared to those on control plants, while aster leafhoppers on water-stressed plants rarely displayed this behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145210685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triple cropping and diverse landscape enhance biological pest control and productivity in vegetable fields","authors":"Muhammad Omer Farooq,&nbsp;Muhammad Razaq,&nbsp;Séverin Hatt,&nbsp;Farhan Mahmood Shah","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10187-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10187-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insect herbivores cause substantial economic loss to agricultural crops and insecticides are the foremost strategy in their management. Increasing crop diversity is expected to improve biological control services and primary productivity. However, the benefits of mixing more than two annual crop species remain poorly understood. Using okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i>), calabash (<i>Lagenaria siceraria</i>), and sponge gourd (<i>Luffa acutangular</i>), we compared the effect of double and triple cropping to monocropping on insect herbivore and predator abundance and diversity and the number of marketable fruits as yield in nine fields over 2022 and 2023 in Pakistan. We found 21 insect species, including 9 species of herbivores and 12 species of predators. Herbivore abundance of almost all species was significantly lower while predator abundance of all species was significantly higher in triple cropping. Herbivore richness was significantly and positively correlated with increasing vegetable diversity while a non-significant relation was noted for herbivore diversity and dominance. Predator diversity, richness and dominance were significantly and positively correlated with increasing crop diversity. Increasing landscape diversity (Shannon diversity) significantly reduced pest abundance and increased the diversity of pests and predators as well as predator abundance. Predator abundance and diversity matrices played a significant role in herbivore suppression suggesting a strong top-down effect. Number of fruits was higher in triple cropping. Path analyses proved that herbivore abundance affected the yield indirectly through predator diversity. Our results suggest that local and landscape diversity and complementarity among crop species and predator species are simultaneously regulating biological control and primary productivity in vegetable diversity gradient.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mites from the Astigmatina cohort (Acari: Sarcoptiformes) promote growth of Lens culinaris in both substrate and agricultural soil enriched with compost","authors":"Lilia Janeth Carrillo-Téllez,&nbsp;Margarita Vargas-Sandoval,&nbsp;Blanca Alicia Esquivel-Ayala,&nbsp;Vicente Montejano-Ramírez","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10186-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10186-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lentil (<i>Lens culinaris</i>) is a leguminous crop of significant agricultural importance due to its phenotypic adaptations to drought conditions and various soil types. Furthermore, lentils stand out nutritionally among other legumes, due to their high protein content and a high proportion of carbohydrates with low digestibility, which contribute to the protection of the gut microbiota and the reduction of chronic diseases. In Mexico, lentil cultivation is primarily concentrated in the state of Michoacán, accounting for 96% of the national production. However, its cultivation is affected by several challenges that lead to low crop yields. Preliminary observations in our research group revealed that, in household vermicompost, Astigmatid mites promoted root elongation and lateral root development in <i>L. culinaris</i> without consuming the seeds. Therefore, in the present study, we evaluated the interaction between mites of the Astigmatina cohort (genus <i>Cosmoglyphus</i>) and <i>L. culinaris</i> as a potential strategy for sustainable agriculture, given that these soil mites are saprophagous to plants and may play a role in nutrient recycling. Initially, a gradient of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 mites per plant was established in interaction with lentils grown in substrates supplemented with compost. The most pronounced growth-promoting effects were observed at a density of 20 mites per plant. These beneficial effects persisted when lentils were grown in agricultural soil. Finally, a mite count was conducted on the agricultural soil, both supplemented and non-supplemented with compost. A higher mite population was found in the compost-supplemented soil, which correlated with the observed growth promotion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insecticidal activity of indigenous plant extracts and essential oils against Phlebotomus papatasi and Phlebotomus sergenti","authors":"Arshad Veysi,&nbsp;Amir Ahmad Akhavan,&nbsp;Zahra Saeidi,&nbsp;Sara Rahimi,&nbsp;Hossein Nazemiyeh","doi":"10.1007/s11829-025-10185-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11829-025-10185-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Plant-derived natural compounds have recently emerged as safer, eco-friendly alternatives to control sand flies. This study investigates the adulticidal effects of <i>Delphinium speciosum</i> extract and <i>Trachyspermum ammi</i> essential oil on the primary vectors of cutaneous leishmaniasis.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p><i>D. speciosum</i> aerial parts were Soxhlet-extracted, and <i>T. ammi</i> essential oil was hydro-distilled, with both processed into various concentrations for bioassay. Sand flies were reared in the Phlebotomine insectary. We used modified WHO Standard Holding Tubes for mosquito susceptibility tests. Concentrations of 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/mL of <i>D. speciosum</i> extract in ethanol and 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/mL of <i>T. ammi</i> essential oil in methanol were tested.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Both species showed dose-dependent mortality, with LD₅₀ and LD₉₀ values indicating higher efficacy of the essential oil compared to the plant extract. Linear regression analysis also showed that there was a good correlation between the dose and response, where increased concentration of the treatment led to increased mortality. Additionally, KT₅₀ and KT₉₀ analyses highlighted the rapid action of essential oils, which acted faster on <i>Ph. papatasi</i> than on <i>Ph. sergenti.</i></p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><i>T. ammi</i> essential oils were effective against <i>Ph. papatasi</i> and <i>Ph. sergenti</i> with a high mortality rate and dose dependent manner. These findings support the use of these natural compounds for sand fly control in leishmaniasis management.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8409,"journal":{"name":"Arthropod-Plant Interactions","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}