Word & worldPub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1993590
D. Rose
{"title":"Nominal Groups in Pitjantjatjara","authors":"D. Rose","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1993590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1993590","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores nominal grammar resources in Pitjantjatjara, an Indigenous language of Australia's Western Desert. Data for the description comes primarily from recordings of oral discourse. The description takes a discourse semantic perspective on ideational and textual resources in nominal grammar. Options are described for construing entities by naming, pronaming, classifying, describing, numbering, determining and qualifying. From text examples, a distinctive configuration of meaning options emerges that is characteristic of this language.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"13 1","pages":"45 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87817870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Word & worldPub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1993591
S. E. Porter, Christopher Land
{"title":"The Ancient Greek Nominal Group, with Attention to the Greek New Testament","authors":"S. E. Porter, Christopher Land","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1993591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1993591","url":null,"abstract":"Together with Latin, Ancient Greek has had a strong influence on grammatical theories and descriptions. This is reflected in traditional descriptions of the Ancient Greek nominal group (i.e., noun phrase), which are heavily syntagmatic and dependent on conventional parts-of-speech. In this paper, we explore the nominal group from the perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics. This allows for a more overtly paradigmatic description, yet one that is nevertheless still grounded in the syntagmatic patterns observed by traditional Greek grammar. We begin by discussing some systems expressed by inflectional morphology, namely gender and number. We then present systems realized through the insertion of what we call “substantive” nominal group functions, namely speech role, naming, description, differentiation, distribution, association, and reiteration. The functions that realize these systems can each serve as the syntagmatic head of an Ancient Greek nominal group, but where more than one of them is realized, the most substantive one will serve as head. By contrast, the specification system is realized by a grammatical marker with left-to-right scope. To conclude the paper, we briefly discuss linear ordering in Ancient Greek nominal groups and some functional explanations of their many possible orderings.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"64 1","pages":"1 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76828611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Word & worldPub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1993587
Dragan Stosic
{"title":"Serbian Nominal Groups: System and Structure","authors":"Dragan Stosic","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1993587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1993587","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a study on nominal groups in Serbian grounded in systemic functional grammar (SFG). Its aim is to complement traditional and formal descriptions of nominal group structures in Serbian and contribute to growing SFG research on nominal groups across languages. Adopting a top-down approach to investigating the relationship between systems and structures, this study uses registerial variables (field and mode) and discourse semantic systems (ideation and identification) as points of departure. The study’s data has been extracted from a focus text published by Radio Television Serbia (RTS), complemented by examples from the Corpus of Contemporary Serbian (SrpKor2013). To explore the ideational resources of Serbian nominal groups, this paper reviews the features of four systems: classification, epithesis, numeration, and focus. To investigate the textual resources of Serbian nominal groups, the paper continues with the detailed discussions of the deixis, selection, and qualification systems.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"110 1","pages":"431 - 460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77058643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Word & worldPub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1993588
Giacomo P. Figueredo
{"title":"The Nominal Group in Brazilian Portuguese","authors":"Giacomo P. Figueredo","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1993588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1993588","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we follow basic systemic principles for language description – an axial perspective, text-based evidence and reasoning “from above”, “from roundabout” and “from below” – to provide a description of the nominal group in Brazilian Portuguese. Our description starts by presenting an overview of the nominal group seen “from above” and the ways it is related to items in register and entities in discourse semantics. Then, we approach the nominal group “from roundabout” and examine axis (its organization as system implicating configurations of structure). Through agnation we detail classification criteria between choices available and the way they can be abstracted from evidence in the structure. The nominal group systems proposed for Brazilian Portuguese are deixis, quantification, thing type, classification, epithesis and qualification. The general functions realizing features from these systems are respectively Deictic, Numerative, Thing, Classifier, Epithet and Qualifier. We simultaneously look at the nominal group “from below” to see how functions pre-select classes from the rank of word. Several word classes are pre-selected by nominal group functions, such as nouns, pronouns, articles, adjectives and numerals. Some functions are realized by word complexes and the nominal group also has the potential to embed phrases and clauses.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"19 1","pages":"461 - 492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87584232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Word & worldPub Date : 2021-10-02DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1993589
M. Cummings
{"title":"Interpreting the Old English Nominal Group from a Parsed Corpus","authors":"M. Cummings","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1993589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1993589","url":null,"abstract":"The object of this study is to derive a systemic functional interpretation of the experiential structure of the Old English nominal group from a parsed database. The database is the York-Toronto-Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Old English Prose (YCOE), a parsed structuralist corpus. The methodology uses the CorpusSearch search engine to isolate nominal group tree-structures in two separate inventories. The first search results in an inventory of the nominal groups having the most extended experiential structures without postmodifiers. A functional interpretation of the experiential structures revealed shows that the categories of experiential elements in the modern English nominal group are enough to explain the Old English structures. The second search results in a much larger inventory of the nominal groups having the next most extended experiential structures without postmodifiers. Structural and functional interpretations of these groups confirm the variety of experiential elements in the first inventory, and show numerous types of variation in element sequence and realizations. They also show the need for an additional element category, Pre-deictic. Variations in sequence include Epithet before Numerative, and Epithet or Numerative before Deictic. Realizational variations include Classifiers realized by embedded nominal groups.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"43 1","pages":"493 - 520"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84407269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Word & worldPub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1957548
Dongbing Zhang
{"title":"The Nominal Group in Khorchin Mongolian: A Systemic Functional Perspective","authors":"Dongbing Zhang","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1957548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1957548","url":null,"abstract":"The main focus on nominals in traditional descriptions of Mongolian is in terms of word class. Their combinations are described either with respect to their role as clause constituents or in terms of a simple modifier-modified relationship. This paper, on the other hand, recognizes the Khorchin Mongolian nominal group as a unit, whose structural configuration is realized mainly through nominals, as well as embedded nominal groups and clauses. The paper describes the relationship between nominal group systems and structures, focusing on the major systems of thing type, classification, title, experiential marking, determination, orientation, qualification, theme marking, numeration, and epithesis. These systems are interpreted in terms of the division of labor between textual, interpersonal, and experiential meaning in SFL. The systemic functional description presented in this paper provides a functionally motivated interpretation of the ordering of elements in Khorchin Mongolian nominal group and the interactions between systems.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"28 1","pages":"350 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73232993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Word & worldPub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1957545
J.R. Martin, Y. Doran, Dongbing Zhang
{"title":"Nominal Group Grammar: System and Structure","authors":"J.R. Martin, Y. Doran, Dongbing Zhang","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1957545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1957545","url":null,"abstract":"In this introductory paper for this series of special issues, we review the development of nominal group description in SFL – focusing on its syntagmatic and paradigmatic modeling, and stepping through a number of the principles that underpin SFL description more broadly. We then explore a number of issues that have arisen in relation to nominal groups as more languages have been described in SFL, such as how to deal with structural markers that have typically been left aside in explicit SFL modeling, and how to reconcile logical and experiential perspectives on the nominal group. As part of this, the paper proposes analyses aimed at extending SFL again – in particular suggesting a clearer division of labor between the word rank and the group rank, and proposing a type of structure called ‘subjacency’ for non-iterative dependency structures. Our aim is to further promote SFL as an evolving model of language and to encourage researchers to further develop SFL descriptions of languages around the world.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"2 1","pages":"248 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88098005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Word & worldPub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1957547
Pin Wang
{"title":"Nominal Group Systems and Structures in Lhasa Tibetan","authors":"Pin Wang","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1957547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1957547","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a text-based study of the construal of entities through nominal groups in Lhasa Tibetan based on a focus text selected from a local folk tale. It approaches the grammatical description of nominal group systems and structures from ideational and textual perspectives, taking as point of departure the discourse semantic systems of ideation and identification. From the perspective of ideation, nominal groups construe entities that realize items in field, which are classified or composed, with or without associated properties. From the perspective of identification, nominal groups either present or presume the identity of entities in discourse. In terms of nominal group grammatical functions, the nucleus of a Lhasa Tibetan nominal group is a Thing, which enters into multivariate structure with post-Thing functions including Classifier, Epithet, Quantity, Perspective, Deictic and Function Marking, and pre-Thing functions Qualifier and Embedding Marking. In terms of word classes realizing these functions, Lhasa Tibetan nominal groups involve nouns, pronouns, adjectives, numerals, quantifiers, determiners and clitics. The description also deals with complexing and embedding.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"34 1","pages":"318 - 349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74129042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Word & worldPub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1957546
Isaac N. Mwinlaaru
{"title":"deixis in the Dagaare Nominal Group: Syntagmatic and Paradigmatic Perspectives","authors":"Isaac N. Mwinlaaru","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1957546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1957546","url":null,"abstract":"Although the use of multiple deictic items such as definite articles, possessives and demonstratives in the nominal group of many languages has been noted in the literature, the motivation for this phenomenon is often unexplained. The present study examines this phenomenon in the Lobr dialect of Dagaare (Niger-Congo: Mabia/Gur) from both syntagmatic and paradigmatic perspectives. It first identifies three deictic functions in the structure of the Dagaare nominal group: Deictic1 ^ Deictic2 ^ Classifier ^ Thing ^ Epithet ^ Numerative ^ Deictic3 ^ Qualifier. Second, the study shows that the system of deixis in the Dagaare nominal group involves a division of semiotic labor among deictic elements in the realization of (participant) identification, person systems and specificity. Specifically, the definite article is used as a participant tracking device, including the reactivation of participants with unique reference from the common memory of the speaker and addressee. Demonstratives are specificity marking devices and thus encode discrete semantic information of referents, while indefinite determiners are non-specificity markers. The study combines issues that have been pursued as separate topics in the literature to shed insights on deixis in the nominal group as well as related concepts such as definiteness and specificity.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"7 1","pages":"281 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88680783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Word & worldPub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/00437956.2021.1957549
J. R. Martin, Gi-Hyun Shin
{"title":"Korean Nominal Groups: System and Structure","authors":"J. R. Martin, Gi-Hyun Shin","doi":"10.1080/00437956.2021.1957549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.2021.1957549","url":null,"abstract":"The nominal group in Korean typically involves some combination of nouns (including common noun, proper noun, pronoun and bound noun), adjectives, numerals, determiners and clitics. In addition, the Korean nominal group has the potential to include embedded groups, embedded phrases and embedded clauses in its structure. These units realize a number of nominal group functions: Deictic, Epithet, Order, Thing; Qualifier, Orient; Quantity, Perspective and Function Marking. We begin by presenting nominal group systems and structures in three groups: first, systems that are realized by a word or word complex up to and including the Thing (i.e., classification, ordination, epithesis and deixis); second, systems that are realized by an embedded group, phrase or clause before the Thing (i.e., orientation and qualification); and third, systems that are realized after the Thing (i.e., quantification, perspectivisation and function marking). And we briefly consider the role played by nominal groups in clause structure, concentrating on transitivity, theme and participant deference. The question of the order of nominal group functions and the classes through which they are realized is then approached from a functional language typology perspective – highlighting the complementarity of ideational and textual specification.","PeriodicalId":84010,"journal":{"name":"Word & world","volume":"7 1","pages":"387 - 429"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88928163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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