Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Attenuation Effect of Azolla spp. on Lambda-Cyhalothrin Toxicity to Aquatic Organisms","authors":"Jezabel Primost,&nbsp;Marina Solis,&nbsp;Morena Pantucci Saralegui,&nbsp;Silvia Fanelli,&nbsp;Carlos Bonetto,&nbsp;Hernan Mugni","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01083-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01083-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wetlands play a crucial role in providing valuable ecosystem services, including the removal of various pollutants. In agricultural basins, wetlands are exposed to agrochemical loads. This study aims to assess the attenuation effect of the ubiquitous macrophyte <i>Azolla</i> spp. on the toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin to sensitive aquatic organisms. An indoor mesocosm experiment was conducted to compare the concentration of lambda-cyhalothrin at different time points after pesticide application in vegetated and unvegetated treatments, including a control without pesticide addition. Toxicity tests were performed throughout the experiment on three organisms: a fish (<i>Cnesterodon decemmaculatus</i>), a macroinvertebrate (<i>Hyalella curvispina</i>), and an amphibian (<i>Boana pulchella</i>). The results demonstrated that lambda-cyhalothrin concentration and toxicity in water were significantly lower in the <i>Azolla</i> spp. treatment. Furthermore, the half-life of lambda-cyhalothrin decreased from 1.2 days in the unvegetated treatment to 0.4 days in the vegetated treatment. The vegetated treatment also resulted in a significantly lower mortality rate for both <i>H. curvispina</i> and <i>C. decemmaculatus.</i> However, no mortality was observed in <i>B. pulchella</i> for any of the treatments. Sublethal effects were observed in this organism, such as lateral bending of the tail and impairment of the ability to swim, which were attenuated in the vegetated treatment. We conclude that <i>Azolla</i> spp. can effectively reduce the concentration and toxicity of lambda-cyhalothrin, suggesting its potential use in farm-scale best management practices to mitigate the effects of pesticide loads from adjacent crops.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"France-Wide Monitoring of 1,4-Dioxane in Raw and Treated Water: Occurrence and Exposure Via Drinking Water Consumption","authors":"Cristina Bach,&nbsp;Virginie Boiteux,&nbsp;Xavier Dauchy","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01078-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01078-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, 1,4-dioxane has emerged as a pollutant of increasing concern following widespread detection in the aquatic environment of several countries. This persistent contaminant with specific physical and chemical properties can be rapidly dispersed and transported to river banks, groundwater and drinking water. Given the limited data on its occurrence in France, it was considered necessary to assess the potential exposure of the French population to this compound in drinking water. An analytical method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS) was developed and validated during this study with a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.15 µg/L. Recoveries in natural water matrices ranged from 113 to 117% with a relative bias not exceeding 17%. This method was used for a nationwide campaign at almost 300 sites, evenly distributed over 101 French <i>départements</i> (administrative units), including some that were overseas. Of the 587 samples analysed, only 8% had a concentration that was greater than or equal to the LOQ. 1,4-Dioxane was detected mainly (63%) in raw and treated water from sites associated with historical industrial practices related to the use of chlorinated solvents. Concentrations of 1,4-dioxane ranging from 0.19 to 2.85 µg/L were observed in the raw water and from 0.18 to 2.46 µg/L in the treated water. Drinking water treatment plants using ozonation, granular activated carbon and chlorination have limited effectiveness in the removal of 1,4-dioxane. The results of this study are the first step towards bridging the knowledge gap in the occurrence of 1,4-dioxane in France.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hazardous Elements in the Edible Portion of Perna perna Mussels: Relation with the COVID-19 Pandemic Period and Assessment of the Risk to Human Health","authors":"Dayvison Felismindo Lima,&nbsp;Ana Paula Madeira Di Beneditto,&nbsp;Inácio Abreu Pestana,&nbsp;Roberto Weider de Assis Franco","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01080-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01080-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the concentrations of hazardous elements (As, Cd and Pb) in the edible portion of the <i>Perna perna</i> mussel from Southeast Brazil were analyzed to understand the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the coastal environment and to evaluate the quality of this fishery resource. Decreases in anthropogenic chemical outputs to the environment were expected to occur during the COVID-19 pandemic, with decreases in element concentrations in mussels. The ranges of median concentrations (µg g⁻¹ dw) in the pre- and pandemic periods were 5.4–16.1 and 2.2–10.6 for As; 0.2–0.6 and 0.1–0.5 for Cd; and 1.2–3.2 and 0.7–1.8 for Pb, respectively. Temporal variations (prepandemic x pandemic) were more significant than spatial variations (five sampling sites). The relationships between the concentrations of hazardous elements and isotopic ratios (δ¹⁵N and δ¹³C) suggested that food sources were more diverse across the sampling sites during the pandemic period, when individuals exhibited less efficient trophic transfer. The concentrations of Cd and Pb were below the tolerable maximum limit, whereas for As, they were above the limit; however, these concentrations are not a risk to human health, as most As was present in the least toxic organic form. The intake estimates were below the tolerable intake limits, and only Pb concentrations are at risk of causing concern if the intake of mussels increases. This is the first study in Brazil that presents a spatial–temporal comparison of hazardous elements in marine fauna considering COVID-19 as a temporal landmark. The results are of interest for both public health and environmental health management in a post-COVID-19 scenario.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141854631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Residues from the Fundão Dam Accident in Brazil and their Effects on Photosynthetic Efficiency of Two Restinga Plant Species","authors":"Namir Gabriely Matos Lopes,&nbsp;Eliemar Campostrini,&nbsp;Marcel Giovanni Costa França","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01079-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01079-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2015, a breach in the Fundão Dam in Mariana (Minas Gerais State, Brazil) resulted in the release of contaminated tailings into the Doce River basin. This accident increased the concentrations of arsenic (As), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), vanadium (V), and manganese (Mn) in the soil, posing a potential hazard to the physiology of native species. The purpose of this study was to assess whether chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence (ChlF) in <i>Allagoptera arenaria</i> and <i>Guapira pernambucensis</i> changed following this accident when tested under different precipitation regimes in relation to soil properties and metal(loid) absorption. Our research was conducted in two sites located in the state of Espírito Santo in southeastern Brazil. Five independent biological replicates of <i>A. arenaria</i> and <i>G. pernambucensis</i> were selected at each site for nutritional and chlorophyll <i>a</i> fluorescence analysis. Five years after the dam rupture, <i>A. arenaria</i> and <i>G. pernambucensis</i> had absorbed As, Pb, and V. The increased amounts of metal(loid)s absorbed did not significantly impair the OJIP curve configuration for either species during the evaluated periods. However, <i>A. arenaria</i> at Biological Reserve of Comboios (RBC) during the rainy season showed increases in the values of maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry (φP₀) and total performance index on absorption basis (PI_TOTAL). These changes indicated more efficient tolerance mechanisms for increases in the concentrations of As, Pb, and V than those observed in <i>G. pernambucensis</i>. It was concluded that <i>A. arenaria</i> and <i>G. pernambucensis</i> exhibited an acclimation strategy in response to increased absorption of metal(loid)s.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Exposure to Leaves From Metal-Polluted Sites on the Developmental Parameters of Larvae of the Dark Sword-Grass, Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)","authors":"Shrouk Rasmy,&nbsp;Amr Mohamed,&nbsp;Hesham A. Yousef","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01076-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01076-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Insects are impacted by pollutants in their environments and food sources. Herein, we set out a semi-field study to assess the impact of environmental heavy metal contamination on developmental parameters, energy reserves, and acidic and alkaline phosphatases in the larval <i>Agrotis ipsilon</i> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Castor leaves from contaminated and uncontaminated (reference site) areas were fed to <i>A</i>. <i>ipsilon</i> larvae in all treatments. The heavy metal concentrations in the plant from different areas (contaminated and reference sites) and in the larvae were analyzed. Toxic effects were observed in the larvae feeding on the leaves from the metal contaminated areas. Larval and pupal weights, growth indices, and larval fitness were all significantly lower than in the reference group. Likewise, in the third and fourth instars, there was a significant decrease in both the survival and moth emergence rates. In contrast, the pupation duration was significantly longer. Total protein, lipid, and glycogen content showed significant reductions in treated larvae. Larval homogenate samples contaminated with heavy metals showed a significant increase in acid- and alkaline- phosphatase levels. The results obtained could provide a basis for a long-term evaluation of the risk associated with heavy metals and their impact on plant populations and important agricultural pests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11377598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141750968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into In Situ Benthic Caging Tests for Ecotoxicity Assessments Targeting Discharging Groundwater Contaminant Plumes","authors":"J. W. Roy,&nbsp;L. Grapentine","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01075-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01075-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While in situ toxicity testing with caged organisms has been used to assess surface water and sediment contamination, no successful application to benthic organisms exposed to highly contaminated groundwater plumes discharging to surface waters has been reported. The objective of this study was to demonstrate and evaluate this application using four sets of tests performed at three previously reported contaminated groundwater sites, which include one river site affected by volatile organic contaminant plumes, and two sites, one pond and one small urban stream, impacted by landfill plumes. The study examined multiple cage designs and orientations and two test organisms: an amphipod (<i>Hyalella azteca</i>) and midge larvae (<i>Chironomus riparius</i>; only one study). Cages were deployed for between 5 and 28 days and assessed for organism survival and growth. At all sites and for some deployment conditions, cages exposed to high contaminant concentrations in the plume footprint had greater mortality compared to those exposed to lower or background concentrations. Organism growth was less clear as a metric of toxicity. Vertically oriented cages typically showed high mortality to plume contaminants, but some were also affected by other non-target groundwater conditions (e.g., low dissolved oxygen, other contaminant sources), while horizontally oriented cages were rarely responsive to either groundwater influence. A hybrid cage design showed much promise in its single study. Useful observations on the test organisms and on potentially problematic site conditions were also made. The informed use of in situ toxicity cages could be an additional beneficial tool for groundwater contaminated site assessments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11283422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141497003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification Model of Pesticide Toxicity in Americamysis bahia Based on Quantum Chemical Descriptors","authors":"Limin Dang","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01077-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01077-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A set of quantum chemical descriptors (molecular polarization, heat capacity, entropy, Mulliken net charge of the most positive hydrogen atom, APT charge of the most negative atom and APT charge of the most positive atom with hydrogen summed into heavy atoms) was successfully used to establish the classification models for the toxicity pLC₅₀ of pesticides in <i>Americamysis bahia</i>. The optimal random forest model (Class Model A) yielded predictive accuracy of 100% (training set of 217 pesticides), 95.8% (test set of 72 pesticides) and 99.0% (total set of 289 pesticides), which were very satisfactory, compared with previous classification models reported for the toxicity of compounds in aquatic organisms. Therefore, it is reasonable to apply the quantum chemical descriptors associated with molecular structural information on molecular bulk, chemical reactivity and weak interactions, to develop classification models for the toxicity pLC₅₀ of pesticides in <i>A. bahia</i>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141465837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Cadmium Exposure can Alter Energy Allocation to Physiological Functions in the Shrimp Penaeus vannamei","authors":"Juliana Rodrigues da Costa,&nbsp;Mariana V. Capparelli,&nbsp;Pedro Magalhães Padilha,&nbsp;Emanuelle Borges,&nbsp;Andressa C. Ramaglia,&nbsp;Michelle Roberta dos Santos,&nbsp;Alessandra Augusto","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01074-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01074-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental stressors in aquatic organisms can be assessed using a bioenergetic approach based on the evaluation of changes in their physiological parameters. We evaluated the chronic effects of cadmium (Cd²⁺) on the energy balance as well as the survival, growth, metabolism, nitrogen excretion, hepatosomatic index, oxidized energy substrate, and osmoregulation of the shrimp <i>Penaeus vannamei</i> with the hypothesis that the high energy demand related to the homeostatic regulation of Cd²⁺could disrupt the energy balance and as a consequence, their physiological functions. The shrimp exposed to Cd²⁺ had higher mortality (30%), directed more energy into growth (33% of energy intake), ingested 10% more energy, and defecated less than control animals. Cd²⁺ exposure caused a tendency to decrease metabolism and ammonia excretion but did not alter the hepatosomatic index, type of energy substrate oxidized, and the hyperosmorregulatory pattern of the species. The Cd⁺² exposure may have induced a trade-off response because there was a growth rate increase accompanied by increased mortality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UVB-Aged Microplastics and Cellular Damage: An in Vitro Study","authors":"Sebastiano La Maestra,&nbsp;Mirko Benvenuti,&nbsp;Stefano Alberti,&nbsp;Linda Ferrea,&nbsp;Francesco D’Agostini","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01073-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01073-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastics are synthetic organic compounds whose widespread use generates enormous waste. Different processes, such as mechanical abrasion, microbiological activity, and UVB irradiation, can fragment the plastic material and generate microplastics (MPs). MPs are ubiquitous, and various organisms, including humans, can ingest or inhale them, with potential adverse health effects. The differences between UV-aged and virgin particles were studied to evaluate the genotoxic damage and oxidative stress induced by polystyrene MPs with 1 and 5 µm sizes on the monocyte-like cell line (THP-1). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Ζ-potential measurements were used to characterise MP particles after UVB exposure. Cells exposed to MPs show a widespread change in the cellular environment with the generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS), as indicated by the increased malondialdehyde level. The occurrence of genotoxic damage is correlated to the smaller size and ageing state of the MPs. The biochemical and genomic alterations observed in this in vitro study suggest that MPs, ubiquitous pollutants, following natural degradation and oxidation processes can cause various adverse effects on the health of the exposed population, making it necessary to carry out further studies to better define the real risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11283437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141417515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Adverse Outcomes from Legacy-Contaminated Groundwater Exposure to Early Life Stages of Fathead Minnow","authors":"Laura Gasque-Belz,&nbsp;Bradley Park,&nbsp;Steven Siciliano,&nbsp;Natacha Hogan,&nbsp;Lynn Weber,&nbsp;Patrick Campbell,&nbsp;Rachel Peters,&nbsp;Mark Hanson,&nbsp;Markus Hecker","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01069-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01069-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Complex mixtures of chemicals present in groundwater at legacy-contaminated industrial sites can pose significant risks to adjacent surface waters. The combination of short-term molecular and chronic apical effect assessments is a promising approach to characterize the potential hazard of such complex mixtures. The objectives of this study were to: (1) assess the apical effects (survival, growth, development, and liver histopathology) after chronic exposure of early life stages (ELSs) of fathead minnows (FHM; <i>Pimephales promelas</i>) to contaminated groundwater from a legacy-contaminated pesticide manufacturing and packaging plant, and (2) identify possible molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects by comparing results to mechanistic outcomes previously determined by a short-term reduced transcriptome assay (EcoToxChips). This study revealed a significant increase in mortality and prevalence of spinal curvatures, as well as a significant reduction in the length of FHMs exposed to the groundwater mixtures in a concentration-dependent manner. There was an increasing trend in the prevalence of edema in FHMs, though not significantly different from controls. Additionally, no histopathological effects were observed in the liver of FHMs exposed to the groundwater mixtures. Short-term molecular outcomes determined in a parallel study were found to be informative of chronic apical outcomes, including cardiotoxicity, spinal deformities, and liver toxicity. Overall, the results observed in this study demonstrated that short-term transcriptomics analyses could support the hazard assessment of complex contaminated sites.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><p>Molecular outcomes were reflective of mortality and deformities, but uncertainties remained in the prediction of hepatotoxic effects at apical level.</p>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141316682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}