Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology最新文献

{"title":"Presence of Nematodes, Mercury Concentrations, and Liver Pathology in Carnivorous Freshwater Fish from La Mojana, Sucre, Colombia: Assessing Fish Health and Potential Human Health Risks","authors":"Katerin Fuentes-Lopez,&nbsp;Jesus Olivero-Verbel,&nbsp;Karina Caballero-Gallardo","doi":"10.1007/s00244-025-01117-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-025-01117-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fish provide high-quality protein and essential nutrients. However, environmental pollution can lead to the accumulation of toxic substances such as mercury (Hg), with known negative impacts on human consumers. The aim of this study was to assess fish health and potential human health risks by analyzing the presence of nematodes, Hg concentrations, and liver pathology in freshwater fish from La Mojana, Colombia. For this purpose, 326 specimens were collected. Parasitic infection was evaluated using parasitological indices. Total Hg (T-Hg) was quantified using a direct mercury analyzer. Liver pathology was assessed through histopathological examination. Risk-based fish consumption limits were established by calculating the hazard quotient (HQ) and safe consumption limits. The overall prevalence and abundance of nematodes (<i>Contracaecum</i> sp.) were 46% and 2.72 ± 0.47 parasites/fish, respectively. <i>Sternopygus macrurus</i> exhibited the highest prevalence (100%) and parasite abundance (13.5 parasites/fish) during the rainy season, whereas <i>Hoplias malabaricus</i> demonstrated the greatest prevalence (100%) and abundance (14.8 parasites/fish) in the dry season. The average T-Hg was 0.31 ± 0.01 µg/g ww. During the rainy season, <i>S. macrurus</i> had the highest T-Hg levels (0.46 ± 0.08 µg/g ww); in the dry season, <i>Cynopotamus magdalenae</i> showed the highest T-Hg concentration (0.54 ± 0.03 µg/g ww). Significant positive relationships were recorded between T-Hg and parasite abundance, while these were negative with the condition factor. All specimens exhibited hepatic alterations. The HQ and Hg values suggest potential health risks from frequent fish consumption, especially in fish-dependent communities. These findings highlight the need for precautionary measures by health and environmental authorities to safeguard human and ecosystem health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 2","pages":"189 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00244-025-01117-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143456665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of Pesticides and In Vitro Effects of Water-Soluble Fractions of Agricultural Soils in South Africa","authors":"Ilzé Engelbrecht,&nbsp;Suranie R. Horn,&nbsp;John P. Giesy,&nbsp;Rialet Pieters","doi":"10.1007/s00244-025-01115-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-025-01115-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although agrochemicals protect crops and reduce losses, these chemicals can migrate to non-target environments via run-off and leaching following irrigation or heavy rainfall, where non-target organisms can be exposed to a mixture of water-soluble compounds. This study investigated whether the water-soluble fractions of selected agricultural soils from South Africa contain quantifiable concentrations of four commonly used pesticides, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), atrazine, dicamba and imidacloprid, and whether the aqueous extracts induce effects in vitro. Effects investigated included cytotoxicity using the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] cell viability assay; xenobiotic metabolism using the H4IIE-<i>luc</i> rat hepatoma cell line; and (anti-)androgenic and (anti-)oestrogenic effects were screened for with the human breast carcinoma cell lines MDA-kb2 and T47D-KB<i>luc</i>, respectively. Oxidative stress responses were measured in H4IIE-<i>luc</i> and human duodenum adenocarcinoma (HuTu-80) cells. All extracts of soil induced oxidative stress, while several samples caused moderate to severe cytotoxicity and/or anti-androgenic effects<i>.</i> The herbicide atrazine had the greatest frequency of detection (89%), followed by dicamba (84%), 2,4-D (74%) and imidacloprid (32%). Concentrations of atrazine [2.0 × 10^–1 to 2.1 × 10² ng/g, dry mass (dm)] and the neonicotinoid insecticide, imidacloprid (2.0 × 10¹ to 9.7 × 10¹ ng/g, dm), exceeded international soil quality guidelines. Overall, there was no observable trend between the biological effects and pesticides quantified. Nonetheless, the findings of this study show that agricultural soils in South Africa can elicit effects in vitro and contain quantifiable concentrations of polar pesticides. These agrochemicals might pose risks to the health of humans and the environment, but more assessment is necessary to quantify such potential effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 2","pages":"230 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00244-025-01115-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contamination of Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Freshwater Fish from Areas Adjacent to Three Former and Active Military Facilities in New York","authors":"Yu Chen,&nbsp;Kaitlin M. Gattoni,&nbsp;Eric Paul,&nbsp;Patrick J. Sullivan,&nbsp;Abigail C. Valachovic,&nbsp;Leili Vogl","doi":"10.1007/s00244-025-01116-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-025-01116-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the contamination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in freshwater fish from waterbodies near former and currently active military bases in the State of New York, USA. Three facilities with a history of long-term use and discharge of aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) were studied. Here, we focused on previously uninvestigated areas that are outside of the base properties. Freshwater fish samples were collected from sites at different distances both downstream and upstream of the bases. Overall, 508 fish from 25 species were collected at 22 sites over 3 years, and whole-fish PFAS concentrations were quantified using LC–MS/MS. PFAS levels in fish from downstream sites have significantly higher body burden of PFAS. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), the foaming agent in legacy AFFF, is the dominant PFAS component in fish from downstream sites in all waterbodies sampled and appeared to be the main driving factor differentiating fish from presumed contaminated sites and reference sites. Distance from the contaminant source, species, and hydrological conditions also significantly influenced the PFAS accumulation in fish. Temporal differences were only significant at sites where accidental discharge of AFFF occurred immediately prior to the 1st year of sampling. The current study demonstrates the extent of PFAS contamination and accumulation in biota at a distance away from the contaminant source. We also highlight the need for evaluation of potential concerns for human and ecological health in these areas as a result of historical AFFF use and release from military facilities in the US.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 2","pages":"135 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Impact of Selected Metallic Contaminants on Wild Rutilus rutilus Through Integrated Antioxidant Biomarker Responses","authors":"Katarina Jovičić,&nbsp;Vesna Đikanović,&nbsp;Marina Radenković,&nbsp;Jelena S. Vranković","doi":"10.1007/s00244-025-01114-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-025-01114-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The application of biomarkers is often used to better understand the assessment of the toxicity in aquatic organisms within their natural environment. To this end, we examined the gills and liver of roach (<i>Rutilus rutilus</i>) to measure changes in the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and the phase II biotransformation enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST), as well as changes in the concentration of lipid peroxides (LPOs). Roach were collected at two localities, Veliko Ratno ostrvo and Višnjica (VIS), on the Danube River, where the concentrations of dissolved metals (Cu, Cd, Zn, Fe, Mn, Hg, Ni, As, Pb) in both fish tissues were quantified. This paper describes the integrated reaction of antioxidant enzymes and LPO levels of roach from two sampling localities in the Danube River. Principal component analysis revealed obvious differences of the antioxidant biomarkers investigated between tissues and localities, while integrated biomarker response showed that the liver of the VIS locality had the stronger antioxidant biomarker response. Despite the concordant hypothesized antioxidant induction at the VIS locality in both tissues studied, the effects as a sign of contaminant exposure appear to be mediated in part by suppression of the antioxidant system, with CAT and GST as potential candidate tissue toxicity biomarkers of contaminants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 2","pages":"178 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Necroecological Trophic Transfer of Microplastics: Insights into the Ecotoxicity of Petroleum-Derived and Biodegradable Polymers","authors":"Ariane Guimarães,&nbsp;Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães,&nbsp;Rafaela Ribeiro de Brito,&nbsp;Alex Rodrigues Gomes,&nbsp;Ítalo Nascimento Freitas,&nbsp;Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues,&nbsp;Omar Cruz Santiago,&nbsp;Thiarlen Marinho da Luz,&nbsp;Letícia Paiva de Matos,&nbsp;Raíssa Ferreira de Oliveira,&nbsp;Guilherme Malafaia","doi":"10.1007/s00244-025-01120-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-025-01120-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although the toxicity of petroleum-derived microplastics (MPs) has been widely investigated, the impact of biomicroplastics (BioMPs) remains controversial, and the necroecological trophic transfer of both is still poorly understood. Our study reveals that biomicroplastics may pose ecotoxicological risks comparable to or greater than those of petroleum-derived plastics, a finding that should raise concern. We aimed to evaluate the possible translocation of polystyrene (PS) and polylactic acid (PLA) MPs from mice to the necrophagous fly <i>Synthesiomyia nudiseta</i> and their potential effects on the larval stage. Mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with different doses of MPs [9 (I) and 90 mg/kg (II)] and subjected to the decomposition process (for ten days), allowing colonization by larvae. Our results confirmed the translocation of MPs from mice to <i>S. nudiseta</i> larvae, resulting in a greater accumulation of PLA-MPs compared to PS-MPs. We observed that exposure to MPs significantly influenced biomass accumulation, with larvae from the PS-I and PLA-I groups showing increased biomass. In contrast, those from the PLA-II group exhibited lower biomass. AChE activity was modulated in a concentration-dependent manner, with an increase observed in larvae exposed to PLA-MPs, indicating a potential neurotoxic effect. In addition, there was an increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially in the groups exposed to higher concentrations of MPs, without a proportional response of antioxidant enzymes, suggesting a redox imbalance and oxidative stress. The elevated serotonin levels and reduced dopamine observed in larvae exposed to MPs indicate a possible redirection of energy resources and changes related to a metabolic adaptation to the stress imposed by MPs. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that PC1 was strongly influenced by biomarkers such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, AChE, ROS, and dopamine activity, highlighting that PLA-MPs (at the highest concentration) induced more pronounced toxic effects than PS-MPs. This finding was corroborated by discriminant analysis, which revealed a clear separation between the experimental groups, and by multiple regression analysis, which confirmed a strong relationship between MP concentration and larval biomarker responses, indicating that the type and concentration of MPs explained approximately 65% ​​of the variation in the biomarkers evaluated. In conclusion, our study demonstrates for the first time the necroecological trophic translocation of MPs between vertebrates and invertebrates, highlighting the potential risks of biomicroplastics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 2","pages":"210 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxytetracycline and Florfenicol Association Affects Zebrafish Larvae Behavioral Repertoire","authors":"Darlan Gusso,&nbsp;Marilia Oberto da Silva Gobbo,&nbsp;Gabriel Rübensam,&nbsp;Carla Denise Bonan","doi":"10.1007/s00244-025-01113-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-025-01113-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxytetracycline (OTC) and Florfenicol (FF) are prevalent antibiotics choices in both fish production and livestock farming. A comprehensive understanding of their effects is paramount for effective control of their use and for elucidating their physiological and pharmacological implications. In our investigation, zebrafish larvae were subjected to varying concentrations of OTC, FF or a combination of OTC + FF during 96 h. We observed behavioral alterations in the group exposed to OTC + FF. These fish displayed increased mobility, spent more time in the central zone, exhibited reduced turn angles, and experienced an impaired optomotor response. Coincidentally, our data provided evidence of reduced anxiety-like behavior in zebrafish larvae treated with OTC and FF, while also demonstrating the adverse effects of antibiotics on the optomotor response. Anxiety-like behavior plays an important role in species survival, acting as a key mechanism for adaptation and protection. The absence of such behavior can increase organism vulnerability in the environment. Thus, this study showed the behavioral consequences of OTC and FF exposure in zebrafish larvae, highlighting the impact of the combined toxicity of these antibiotics.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 2","pages":"167 - 177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally-Relevant Concentrations of Atrazine Had Minor Impacts on Gut Microbiota and Liver Metabolite in Juvenile Turtles","authors":"Huo-Bin Tang,&nbsp;Xin-Ru Qian,&nbsp;Wan-Qiu Yang,&nbsp;Jia-Meng Yang,&nbsp;Jin-Hui Zhang,&nbsp;Hong-Liang Lu","doi":"10.1007/s00244-025-01112-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-025-01112-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Toxic effects of herbicide atrazine (ATR) have been evaluated in various aquatic organisms, but our understanding of its potential impacts in reptile species remains limited. In this study, the functional performances, and gut microbiota and liver metabolite alterations of ATR-exposed <i>Mauremys sinensis</i> juveniles were measured to evaluate its potential toxic effects in turtles. ATR exposure had no impact on the growth rate, but would allow turtles to right themselves more quickly. Despite having no difference in gut microbial diversity, the microbial composition was slightly changed after ATR exposure. For example, a few bacterial genera were shown to increase in exposed turtles (e.g., <i>Turicibacter</i>), or only observed in higher-concentration groups (e.g., <i>Dialister</i>, <i>Alistipes</i>, <i>Delftia</i>). Similarly, only a few identified liver metabolites were found to change significantly (e.g., decreased levels of arginine and N-acetylneuraminate; increased levels of glutathione and isomaltose in low-concentration exposure group) after ATR exposure. Overall, minor alterations in gut microbial composition and liver metabolite indicated that ATR exposure at environmentally-relevant concentrations only produced limited impacts in turtle species, although these alterations might have potentially adverse consequences on the long-term health of exposed turtles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 2","pages":"158 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Changes in Permethrin Toxicity to Juvenile Inland Silversides (Menidia beryllina) Under Different Temperature Scenarios","authors":"McKenna K. Haney,&nbsp;Giovanni S. Molinari,&nbsp;Michael J. Lydy","doi":"10.1007/s00244-025-01111-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-025-01111-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aquatic systems are impacted by temperature fluctuations which can alter the toxicity of pesticides. Increased temperatures related to climate change have elevated pest activity, resulting in an escalation of pesticide use. One such pesticide class, pyrethroids, has replaced the use of several banned pesticides due to its low mammalian toxicity. The impacts of increased temperatures on the toxicity of a pyrethroid, permethrin, to fish is not yet known. In the current study, juvenile inland silversides (<i>Menidia beryllina</i>) were exposed to permethrin at three temperatures: 10 °C, 20 °C, and 30 °C. Inland silversides were chosen for this study because they are a species used in standardized USEPA whole effluent toxicity testing. Permethrin toxicity showed an inverse relationship with temperature. As temperatures fluctuate, fishes experience a change in respiration, biotransformation, and elimination rates, which can drive the noted difference in toxicity. Based on these findings, toxicity can be temperature-dependent and should be considered when assessing risk of exposure to pesticides in aquatic systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 2","pages":"151 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessing the Past: A Sediment Core Revealing Anthropogenic Impacts of Technology-Critical Elements on the Marine Environment","authors":"Dominik Wippermann,&nbsp;Ole Klein,&nbsp;Hendrik Wolschke,&nbsp;Tristan Zimmermann,&nbsp;Anna Ebeling,&nbsp;Daniel Pröfrock","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01110-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01110-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One group of elements attracting more and more attention are so-called technology-critical elements (TCEs). In comparison with legacy pollutants, the anthropogenic impact of TCEs on the environment might still be minor, but various applications introduce them to the most remote places in the world including the marine environment. One area prone to pollution is the Baltic Sea, partly due to the lack of water exchange with the North Sea. In this study, a sediment core from the German Baltic Sea was used to analyze a total of 42 elemental mass fractions. Based on radiometric dating of ²¹⁰Pb and ¹³⁷Cs, results were classified in a recent (2020–2000) and a past period (&lt; 1920), calculating background concentrations based on the Median + 2 Median Absolute Deviation (M2MAD) and the Tukey Inner Fence (TIF). Six legacy pollutants (Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb) and six TCEs (Ga, Ge, Nb, La, Gd, Ta) are discussed in detail. Anthropogenic impacts of both groups were assessed, and local enrichment factors were calculated showing an increase for the legacy pollutants (past period (≤ 0.8); recent period (≥ 1.2)), but also a minor increase for Ga, Ge and Nb (past period (0.9); recent period (1.1)). Values ≥ 1.5, indicating anthropogenic impact, were found for Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, but also for Ge. Proposed background values may be considered as baseline for future studies.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 1","pages":"1 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11782340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Radium-226 Bioaccumulation and Toxicity in the Aquatic Invertebrate Daphnia magna","authors":"Charlotte Lacroix-Durand,&nbsp;David Janz,&nbsp;Karsten Liber","doi":"10.1007/s00244-024-01109-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-024-01109-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mining operations in Canada, including uranium mining and milling, generate by-products containing radionuclides, including radium-226 (²²⁶Ra), a long-lived, bioaccumulative calcium (Ca²⁺) analog. Despite strict discharge regulations, there is limited evidence to suggest that current thresholds for ²²⁶Ra adequately protect aquatic organisms. Furthermore, Canada lacks a federal water quality guideline for ²²⁶Ra, underscoring the need for protective limits to safeguard aquatic ecosystems. Hence, this research aimed to generate data on ²²⁶Ra toxicity to the model aquatic invertebrate <i>Daphnia magna</i>. For this purpose, two 21-day chronic toxicity tests with <i>D. magna</i> were conducted, with survival and reproduction as the endpoints, as well as a reduced water hardness experiment, a multigenerational study, and a bioaccumulation assay. These experiments demonstrated that a high activity concentration (nominal 50 Bq/L) of ²²⁶Ra can significantly impact the survival of <i>D. magna.</i> ²²⁶Ra was also found to bioaccumulate in <i>D. magna</i> with a BAF of 72.8. Since the Canadian <i>Metal and Diamond Mining Effluent Regulations</i> (MDMER) monthly mean effluent limit is currently set at 0.37 Bq ²²⁶Ra /L, the limit for composite samples at 0.74 Bq/L ²²⁶Ra, and the limit for grab samples at 1.11 Bq/L ²²⁶Ra, it is unlikely that toxic effects to aquatic cladocerans like <i>D. magna</i> from ²²⁶Ra will be observed downstream of Canadian mines and mills.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"88 1","pages":"123 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143063142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}