Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology最新文献_第10页

Distribution of Inorganic Contaminants Along the Coast of Ciudad de la Costa, Uruguay 乌拉圭科斯塔城沿岸无机污染物的分布。

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01029-7

Fiorella Iaquinta, Eugenia Antelo, Ignacio Machado

{"title":"Distribution of Inorganic Contaminants Along the Coast of Ciudad de la Costa, Uruguay","authors":"Fiorella Iaquinta, Eugenia Antelo, Ignacio Machado","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01029-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01029-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this work was to study the distribution of relevant inorganic contaminants in environmental samples from Ciudad de la Costa, the second most populated city of Uruguay. For this task aluminum (Al), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) levels were determined in sand, water, and plant material from six beaches that are located in the area. Analytical methods were successfully validated. Accuracy was ensured by using certified reference materials and spiking procedures. Average metal concentrations in sand and water samples were compared with the maximum limits established by international or national regulations (when available), being far below these limits in all cases. This may indicate that the inorganic contamination in the studied area is rather low, despite the rapid increase in anthropic activities in recent years. To give a deeper characterization of the ecosystem, metal accumulation and mobility within a common plant of the zone, <i>Ammophila arenaria</i>, were studied. Results showed that concentrations in roots were one order of magnitude higher in comparison to aerial parts. In addition, the bioaccumulation coefficient (BAC) showed that the plant accumulates Cd, Cr and Ni, while a low accumulation for Pb was observed. Finally, a Cr(VI) speciation analysis in <i>Ammophila arenaria</i> was performed, showing Cr(VI) percentages below 4.6%, which is relevant from the (eco)toxicological point of view due to the high environmental mobility and bioavailability of this valence state. This work constitutes the first environmental surveillance report of this kind, regarding this populated area of the country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 4","pages":"349 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10113535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occurrence, Source and Dietary Exposure of Toxic and Essential Elements in the Indian Food Basket 印度食品篮子中有毒和必需元素的发生、来源和饮食暴露。

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-31 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01017-x

Manisha Jain, Brij Mohan Sharma, Sarita Sachdeva, Jan Kuta, Rostislav Červenka, Luca Nizzetto, Praveen Kukreti, Girija K. Bharat, Paromita Chakraborty

{"title":"Occurrence, Source and Dietary Exposure of Toxic and Essential Elements in the Indian Food Basket","authors":"Manisha Jain, Brij Mohan Sharma, Sarita Sachdeva, Jan Kuta, Rostislav Červenka, Luca Nizzetto, Praveen Kukreti, Girija K. Bharat, Paromita Chakraborty","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01017-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01017-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, representative urban and peri-urban Indian food baskets have been studied for the presence of toxic and essential elements. The concentration of target toxic and essential elements was used to estimate dietary intakes (EDIs) and health risks. Across all food matrices, toxic elements like Cd and Pb were dominant. The highest concentrations of the target elements were found in vegetables, with Cd, Pb, and Ni being beyond permissible limits of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and the World Health organization (0.05 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg, and 1.5 mg/kg, respectively) in okra, spinach, and cauliflower. The sum of concentrations of the toxic elements (As, Ni, Hg, Cr, Cd, Pb) in vegetables had a range of 0.54–12.08 mg/kg, the highest sum was found in spinach (median 12.08 mg/kg), followed by okra (median 1.68 mg/kg). The EDI was observed for vegetables with a contribution as high as 92% for Cd. Dairy products were found with the highest loading for Ni with a dietary intake of 3.1 mg/kg/day for adults and twice as much for children. Carcinogenic risk for Ni was the highest and found above the threshold for all food categories, as was the case with As. Cumulative carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were mostly contributed by milk and vegetables, in particular, spinach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 4","pages":"466 - 484"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10119853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Temporal and Spatial Variations of Potentially Toxic Elements in PM10 Collected in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯吉达市PM10中潜在有毒元素的时空变化

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01026-w

Abdallah A. Shaltout, Mohammad W. Kadi, Omar H. Abd-Elkader, Johan Boman

{"title":"Temporal and Spatial Variations of Potentially Toxic Elements in PM10 Collected in Jeddah City, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdallah A. Shaltout, Mohammad W. Kadi, Omar H. Abd-Elkader, Johan Boman","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01026-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01026-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Air pollution causes environmental and health problems around the world. In this study, ambient particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than 10 microns (PM<sub>10</sub>) has been collected at three different locations in Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia. The locations are characterized by differences in terms of traffic, residential intensity, industrial, and non-road mobile machinery activities. The monthly and annual mass concentration of the PM<sub>10</sub> exceeds the recommended annual limit of the World Health Organization (15 µg/m<sup>3</sup>) and the European air quality standard (40 µg/m<sup>3</sup>) at the three locations. The collected PM<sub>10</sub> samples as well as a certified reference material of atmospheric particulates (NIST 1678a) were digested in aqua regia using microwave digestion. The quantitative elemental analysis was carried out using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The variations of the elemental concentration in terms of workdays, weekends, seasons, and annual were determined at the three locations. The spatial and temporal elemental variations were found to be different between the three sites, pointing to local influences that should be further evaluated. The concentration of Cd was found to be high and may cause health problems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 4","pages":"451 - 465"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10134889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glyphosate is Harmful to Early Life Stages of the Viviparous Fish Jenynsia Multidentata: Biochemical and Locomotor Effects 草甘膦对胎生多齿鱼早期生命阶段的危害:生化和运动影响。

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01015-z

Jenifer Silveira Moraes, Dennis Guilherme da Costa Silva, Bernardo dos Santos Vaz, Catiúscia Weinert Mizuschima, Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins

{"title":"Glyphosate is Harmful to Early Life Stages of the Viviparous Fish Jenynsia Multidentata: Biochemical and Locomotor Effects","authors":"Jenifer Silveira Moraes, Dennis Guilherme da Costa Silva, Bernardo dos Santos Vaz, Catiúscia Weinert Mizuschima, Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01015-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01015-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide due to its efficacy in weed control in agriculture. This herbicide has been consistently detected in the aquatic environment, causing harmful consequences to nontarget organisms residing in agricultural regions. In this study, we assessed the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of glyphosate (30–100 µg/L) on the early life stages of the viviparous fish <i>Jenynsia multidentata</i> through biochemical and locomotor endpoints. At 96 h of exposure, 30 and 65 µg/L glyphosate caused an increase in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, and 65 µg/L glyphosate also augmented the levels of lipid peroxidation. Glyphosate at 100 µg/L did not alter the activity of acetylcholinesterase or the levels of lipid peroxidation, but it stimulated the activity of the cellular detoxification enzyme glutathione <i>S</i>-transferase. In addition, all concentrations affected the swimming of the fish. Under light conditions, glyphosate caused hypolocomotion at all concentrations tested, whereas under dark conditions, this was observed at 30 and 100 µg/L. Hyperlocomotion was observed at 65 µg/L glyphosate. These findings are alarming for the health of fish, such as <i>J. multidentata</i> that inhabit streams that pass through agricultural areas, especially for the early life stages of these fish. Research studying the effects of pollutants on native species is relevant to improve regulation that protects aquatic ecosystems.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 4","pages":"417 - 428"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10089547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subfossil Chironomid Assemblages as Indicators of Remedial Efficacy in the Historically Contaminated St. Lawrence River at Cornwall, Ontario 安大略省康沃尔市历史污染的圣劳伦斯河的亚化石摇蚊组合作为补救效果的指标

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-21 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01021-1

Isaac Armstrong, Katherine E. Moir, Jeffrey J. Ridal, Brian F. Cumming

{"title":"Subfossil Chironomid Assemblages as Indicators of Remedial Efficacy in the Historically Contaminated St. Lawrence River at Cornwall, Ontario","authors":"Isaac Armstrong, Katherine E. Moir, Jeffrey J. Ridal, Brian F. Cumming","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01021-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01021-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Long-term data are required to quantify the impacts of historic industrial pollution and subsequent remedial action on the nearshore benthic community in the St. Lawrence River Area of Concern at Cornwall, Ontario. Specifically, high-quality temporal records are needed to understand changes in benthic invertebrate assemblages in response to multiple possible drivers including industrial pollution, environmental heterogeneity, and climate warming. We compare long-term records of subfossil chironomid assemblages and geochemical variables among sediment cores from two Cornwall sites with differing pollution histories and a minimally disturbed downstream reference site. Chironomids were functionally absent from the Cornwall sediment cores when mercury and zinc concentrations were elevated. As metal concentrations decreased in more recent sediment intervals, chironomid abundance and the relative abundance of pollution-sensitive taxa increased. Recently deposited sediment in all three sediment cores display increased relative abundance of warm-water, macrophyte-associated taxa. We conclude that these temporal changes in chironomid assemblages provide evidence for ecological recovery for both of the impacted sites, consistent with the objectives of the current management strategy. These findings advance our understanding of industrial impacts on fluvial chironomid ecology, directly inform local management strategies, and further develop the application of chironomids as bioindicators for contaminated sediments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 2","pages":"191 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10068763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Long-Term Exposure of the Red Cherry Shrimp Neocaridina davidi to Diclofenac: Impact on Survival, Growth, and Reproductive Potential 红樱桃虾Neocaridina davidi长期暴露于双氯芬酸：对生存、生长和繁殖潜力的影响

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01027-9

Marina Zanitti, Daniel Alberto Medesani, Enrique Marcelo Rodríguez, Laura Susana López Greco

{"title":"Long-Term Exposure of the Red Cherry Shrimp Neocaridina davidi to Diclofenac: Impact on Survival, Growth, and Reproductive Potential","authors":"Marina Zanitti, Daniel Alberto Medesani, Enrique Marcelo Rodríguez, Laura Susana López Greco","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01027-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01027-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The current study was aimed at studying the long-term effects of diclofenac on the freshwater shrimp <i>Neocaridina davidi,</i> concerning survival, somatic growth, and reproduction<i>.</i> In this study, both ovigerous females and males of this species were exposed for 63 d to 0 (control), 0.1, or 1 mg/L of diclofenac. At the highest concentration, significant mortality was detected, and the somatic growth of females was significantly decreased. The percentage of females with a second spawn, observable from day 45, significantly increased at 1 mg/L, while the time between spawns was significantly reduced at both concentrations assayed. However, the gonadal analysis made at the end of the assay in the surviving females showed a significantly lower proportion of advanced oocytes in females exposed to 1 mg/L, as compared to control. Concerning hatching, the percentage of ovigerous females that could have successful hatching was reduced at 1 mg/L of diclofenac, especially for the first spawn. For the second spawn, the low number of juveniles hatched from females exposed to 1 mg/L also showed a significantly higher incidence of morphological abnormalities, such as hydropsy and underdeveloped appendages. Taken together, these results showed that even when diclofenac was able to produce earlier spawns, the reproductive output of each spawn was reduced.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 2","pages":"181 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00244-023-01027-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10055706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk of Pesticides Mixtures in Rice to Birds and Humans in Iran 伊朗水稻中混合农药对鸟类和人类的风险

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01024-y

Zohreh Moghiseh, Nematollah Jaafarzadeh, Sahand Jorfi, Afshin Takdastan, Mojtaba Kalantar, Ryan Prosser

{"title":"Risk of Pesticides Mixtures in Rice to Birds and Humans in Iran","authors":"Zohreh Moghiseh, Nematollah Jaafarzadeh, Sahand Jorfi, Afshin Takdastan, Mojtaba Kalantar, Ryan Prosser","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01024-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01024-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rice is a staple in the diet of nearly half of the world’s population. As with most crops, pesticides are used as a tool to increase crop yield in rice farming. This study investigated the residues of 14 organophosphate insecticides and 2 herbicides in rice cultivated at five locations in the southwest of Iran. The pesticide residues were then used to estimate the risk that they may pose to the health of bird and human consumers. The rice samples from the five locations contained residues from 10 to 13 pesticides. Of the 16 pesticides measured, the mean concentration of 12 pesticides exceeded the maximum residue limit set by the Iranian National Standards Organization at two or more of the sampling sites. The greatest total exceedance (sum of all pesticides detected in rice) of the species sensitivity distributions constructed for birds was 0.74% and the level of concern set for the assessment was an exceedance ≥ 5%, which suggests a relatively low risk to birds. For human consumers, no single pesticide measured in rice samples posed a considerable risk. However, when considering the mixture of pesticides present in rice samples, the cumulative risk exceeded the level of concern in all samples from all sites. The margin of safety for the mixture of pesticides present in rice samples ranged from 5.8 to 29.1, with 1 being the level of concern. The results of this study indicate that efforts need to be made to mitigate the exposure of human consumers to pesticides present in rice cultivated in Iran. This study also highlights the need to collect data on pesticides residues in other crop cultivated in Iran.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 2","pages":"147 - 164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10121643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioaccumulation, Bioindication and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Cape Horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) and Slinger Seabream (Chrysoblephus puniceus) in the Durban Basin and Cape Vidal, South Africa 南非德班盆地和维达尔角马鲛鱼（Trachurus trachurus）和鲷鱼（Chrysoblephus puniceus）体内重金属的生物累积、生物诱因和健康风险评估

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01028-8

Sanjeev Debipersadh, Henry Joseph Oduor Ogola, Kevin Mearns, Ramganesh Selvarajan

{"title":"Bioaccumulation, Bioindication and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Cape Horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) and Slinger Seabream (Chrysoblephus puniceus) in the Durban Basin and Cape Vidal, South Africa","authors":"Sanjeev Debipersadh, Henry Joseph Oduor Ogola, Kevin Mearns, Ramganesh Selvarajan","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01028-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01028-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The bioaccumulation of heavy metals (HMs) in marine fish is a growing global concern due to potential human health risks. The study analyzed HM in the muscle tissue, gills, and gut of adult male and female cape horse mackerel and slinger seabream caught in the polluted Durban Basin and pristine Cape Vidal from April 2018 to February 2019. Results revealed interspecific, spatial, and organ-specific variability in HM levels. In the Durban Basin, slinger seabream had bioaccumulation (in mg/kg) of As (2.3 ± 0.2<i>)</i>, Cr (2.6 ± 0.2), Ni (2.0 ± 0.1), and Pb (4.1 ± 0.3) while cape horse mackerel had Ni (1.6 ± 0.2), Pb (4.7 ± 0.6), and Zn (52 ± 3.01) exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) regulatory limits. Metal pollution index (MPI) values were also higher in Durban Basin (> 5.13) than Cape Vidal (< 3.32) for both species’ muscles. Liver and gills of slinger seabream and gut of cape horse mackerel exhibited higher HM accumulation patterns proportionate to the environmental concentrations, indicating the bioindicative potential of HM pollution by the two species. Risk assessment indicated that both fish species had target hazard quotient > 1 for Cr, and target cancer risk < 10<sup>–4</sup> for Pb, implying significant potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks associated with fish consumption from the Durban Basin. The study recommends daily consumption limits of 16 g/day for slinger seabream and 14 g/day for cape horse mackerel to ensure health safety. The findings contribute to the understanding of HM pollution in the Durban Basin and provide important information for decision-makers and policymakers in developing effective strategies to mitigate and manage HM contamination in fish populations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 2","pages":"165 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00244-023-01028-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10127268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Quantitative Comparison of Oil Sources on Shorelines of Prince William Sound, Alaska, 17 Years After the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill 埃克森瓦尔迪兹漏油事件17年后阿拉斯加威廉王子湾海岸石油来源的定量比较

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01019-9

Jeffrey W. Short, Jacek M. Maselko

{"title":"A Quantitative Comparison of Oil Sources on Shorelines of Prince William Sound, Alaska, 17 Years After the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill","authors":"Jeffrey W. Short, Jacek M. Maselko","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01019-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01019-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental damage caused by accidental discharges of pollutants depends in part on the degree of prior contamination, in that increased pollution of an already heavily contaminated region will usually be considered less detrimental than equivalent pollution of a pristine region. Quantitative comparisons of specific pollution events with the extent and severity of prior contamination are rare, owing to difficulties in identifying and assessing contaminants remaining from prior pollution events, and in some cases contaminants from natural sources. The 1989 <i>Exxon Valdez</i> oil spill (EVOS) presents an unusual opportunity to quantitatively evaluate residual contaminants from petroleum sources on shorelines of Prince William Sound (PWS), Alaska. Here, we evaluate surface oil contamination from Monterey Formation petroleum-derived residues (released into PWS from ruptured storage tanks during the 1964 earthquake) on 200 shoreline segments selected at random within the EVOS spill path. We compare these results with previously estimated contamination from the EVOS and from other human activities. Our results indicate that residual shoreline contamination from the EVOS is more than ~ 50% greater than the sum total from human activity sites, that residual contamination by Monterey Formation sources is negligible in comparison to that from the EVOS, and that most of the shorelines in PWS were as close to pristine prior to the EVOS as is likely to be found anywhere else worldwide.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 2","pages":"140 - 146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00244-023-01019-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10074606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health Risk Assessment of Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Soil Across China Based on Monte Carlo Simulation 基于蒙特卡罗模拟的全国土壤有机磷阻燃剂健康风险评估

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Pub Date : 2023-08-14 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01023-z

Mei-Hong Chen, Shi-Ming Jia, Pu-Fei Yang, Fu-Jie Zhu, Wan-Li Ma

{"title":"Health Risk Assessment of Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Soil Across China Based on Monte Carlo Simulation","authors":"Mei-Hong Chen, Shi-Ming Jia, Pu-Fei Yang, Fu-Jie Zhu, Wan-Li Ma","doi":"10.1007/s00244-023-01023-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00244-023-01023-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Health risks from exposure to contaminants are generally estimated by evaluating concentrations of the contaminants in environmental matrixes. However, accurate health risk assessment is difficult because of uncertainties regarding exposures. This study aims to utilize data on the concentrations of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) in surface soil across China coupled with Monte Carlo simulations to compensate for uncertainties in exposure to evaluate the health risks associated with contamination of soil with this class of flame retardants. Results revealed that concentrations of ∑OPFRs were 0.793-406 ng/g dry weight (dw) with an average of 23.2 ng/g dw. In terms of spatial distribution, higher OPFRs concentrations were found in economically developed regions. Although the values of health risk of OPFRs in soil across China were below the threshold, the high concentrations of OPFRs in soil in some regions should attract more attentions in future. Sensitivity analysis revealed that concentrations of OPFRs in soil, skin adherence factor, and exposure duration were the most sensitive parameters in health risk assessment. In summary, the study indicated that the national scale soil measurement could provide unique information on OPFRs exposure and health risk assessment, which was useful for the management of soil in China and for better understanding of the environmental fate of OPFRs in the global perspective.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8377,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"85 2","pages":"129 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10066170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0