Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia最新文献

{"title":"Perfil microbiológico de úlceras corneales bacterianas y fúngicas en un instituto nacional de oftalmología en Perú","authors":"R. Navarro ,&nbsp;E. Ballesteros-Zamalloa ,&nbsp;R. Hualpa-Vicente ,&nbsp;P. Minami ,&nbsp;M.A. Rodríguez-Cuba","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To describe the microbiological profile of bacterial and fungal corneal ulcers, as well as the antibiotic susceptibility profile of the most frequent pathogenic species.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective descriptive study was conducted using the recorded data of corneal ulcer scrapings from the ocular microbiology laboratory of the National Institute of Ophthalmology. Laboratory data from 2015 to 2022 were collected and included for all corneal ulcer scrapings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After excluding repeated, non-cultured, and duplicate results, a total of 3,470 corneal samples were analyzed. Positive samples accounted for 88,1% of all scraps. Of these, 2,816 (81,2%), 904 (26,2%), and 662 (19,1%) showed bacterial, fungal, and mixed growth, respectively, coagulase-negative <em>Staphylococci</em> (2,257; 69,8%) were the most frequent bacteria, with <em>Staphylococcus</em> <em>epidermidis</em> (1,677; 51,9%) being the most isolated organism, followed by <em>Pseudomonas</em> <em>aeruginosa</em> (275; 8,5%) and <em>Staphylococcus</em> <em>aureus</em> (274; 8,5%). <em>Fusarium</em> spp, was the most common fungus. Less than 60% of <em>S</em>. <em>epidermidis</em> isolates showed susceptibility to oxacillin, cefazolin, moxifloxacin, and gentamicin, while more than 90% of isolates were susceptible to gatifloxacin. <em>P</em>. <em>aeruginosa</em> showed less than 80% susceptibility only to imipenem.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Gram-positive bacteria were the most isolated, with <em>S</em>. <em>epidermidis</em> being the most frequent pathogen, followed by <em>P</em>. <em>aeruginosa</em>. <em>S</em>. <em>epidermidis</em> exhibited alarmingly low susceptibility to commonly used antibiotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 306-313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encuesta sobre la percepción que los oftalmólogos españoles tienen del sobrediagnóstico y sobretratamiento en glaucoma","authors":"J. González-Martín-Moro ,&nbsp;N. Ventura-Abreu ,&nbsp;J. Zarallo-Gallardo ,&nbsp;F.J. Muñoz-Negrete","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To assess the perception and knowledge Spanish ophthalmologists have of overdiagnosis (OD) and overtreatment (OT) in the field of glaucoma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An anonymous, 26-item online survey was submitted to members of the Spanish Glaucoma Society and the Spanish Ophthalmology Society.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 55% out of the 195 respondents were aware of the current definition of OD/OT. Only 13 (6.7%) believe OD/OT is not a clinically significant problem. There were no significant differences in terms of demographics, type of practice and treatment preferences between ophthalmologists who considered OD/OT important and those who considerd OD/OT unimportant, except for a higher proportion of PhDs among the “not clinically relevant” group. No differences were found either across groups considering clinical findings/real-world scenarios. “Peace of mind” was considered a principal driver of OD/OT by both groups. Moderate OHT was considered the most common clinical scenario for OD/OT, which was estimated to affect 20% of medically treated patients and only 5% of those undergoing surgical procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Spanish ophthalmologists reported being aware of the importance of OD and OT. However, only half were aware of the current definition of OD and OT. Most participants believe a White Paper should be produced to reduce the prevalence of OD/OT. The low participation rate and the non-response bias may limit the generalization of the results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 320-329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Análisis del rendimiento de ChatGPT-4 en las preguntas de oftalmología del examen MIR","authors":"C.E. Monera Lucas ,&nbsp;C. Mora Caballero ,&nbsp;J. Escolano Serrano ,&nbsp;A. Machan ,&nbsp;G. Castilla Martínez ,&nbsp;D. Romero Valero ,&nbsp;J. Campello Lluch","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the performance of ChatGPT in solving clinical scenarios in ophthalmology, specifically questions from the specialty exams for Resident Medical Interns (MIR).</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Cross-sectional design for evaluating a diagnostic tool.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Ophthalmology questions from the MIR exams from the 2010-2023 sessions were collected. The performance of ChatGPT in successfully answering the questions was calculated. The results were also compared with those obtained by ophthalmology professionals. Additionally, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative probability coefficients were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 54 questions were collected, with those from the subspecialty “Retina” being the most frequent. ChatGPT's overall score was 90.2%, with a sensitivity of 92.59% and a specificity of 96.8%. The average concordance with the evaluators’ answers was 86.41%. The agreement between the evaluators was 79.62%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ChatGPT-4 is a useful tool for solving clinical scenarios and theoretical questions in ophthalmology. Proper use of the tool, supervised by professionals, can help optimize the care processes for ophthalmology patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 314-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maculopatía por hipotonía: un reto diagnóstico","authors":"M.M. Valentín-Pastrana Aguilar,&nbsp;B. Sandoval Cortés,&nbsp;S. Durán Poveda,&nbsp;L. Guerrero Altares,&nbsp;B. García Sandoval","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypotony maculopathy is a potential complication of glaucoma filtering surgery, clinically relevant as it can cause vision loss. Classically, it produces choroidal folds, vascular tortuosity, and optic disc edema. However, in optical coherence tomography (OCT), it may also present as intraretinal cysts (IRC). We present the case of a patient who, 10<!--> <!-->years after undergoing glaucoma surgery, developed ocular hypotony, IRC, and decreased visual acuity (VA). Given the patient's history of diabetes mellitus, it was initially diagnosed as diabetic macular edema (DME), which delayed appropriate treatment. This led to worsening corneal decompensation, ultimately requiring a corneal transplant in the form of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 351-355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromielitis óptica de inicio muy tardío, a propósito de dos casos","authors":"A. Matheu Fabra ,&nbsp;J.E. Martínez Rodríguez ,&nbsp;B. Beltrán Mármol ,&nbsp;M. Saint-Gerons Trecu","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare demyelinating autoimmune disease that affects the optic nerves, spinal cord and brain stem. It generally affects women between 30 and 40 years of age and has as a marker the anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody.</div><div>We describe two Caucasian patients, a woman and a man aged 72 and 76 years, respectively, who presented with optic neuritis as the initial manifestation of NMOSD, with positive AQP4 antibodies.</div><div>Very late-onset NMOSD (over 70 years of age) is very rare and, according to small published series, in these patients, generally non-Caucasian, spinal cord involvement predominates and they have a worse prognosis. We consider that our cases illustrate the importance of including this entity in the differential diagnosis of atypical optic neuropathies even in advanced age, given the severity of this disease, which requires early and aggressive treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 367-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actualización de la utilidad de la angiografía mediada por tomografía de coherencia óptica en las enfermedades neurodegenerativas","authors":"E. Garcia-Martin ,&nbsp;J. Pérez-Velilla ,&nbsp;B. Cordon ,&nbsp;E. Vilades ,&nbsp;M.J. Rodrigo ,&nbsp;L.E. Pablo","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 303-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validación y actualización del cuestionario de calidad de vida en glaucoma (GQL-15) para individuos de habla hispana","authors":"K. Camargo-Parra ,&nbsp;F.J. Bonilla-Escobar ,&nbsp;E. Lozano-Cruz ,&nbsp;O. Salamanca ,&nbsp;A. Martínez-Blanco ,&nbsp;A.F. Plaza-Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Glaucoma, a leading cause of preventable blindness, significantly impacts patients’ quality of life (QoL). The GQL-15 (1999) assesses functional disability due to glaucoma through 15 items across 4 domains. However, it has not been validated in Spanish. This study aimed to validate and update the GQL-15 for Spanish-speaking individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study with individuals diagnosed with glaucoma at 2 ophthalmological referral centers in Cali-Colombia. Researchers translated the GQL-15 into Spanish and modified it by replacing the ‘reading newspaper’ item with ‘reading on a cellphone/mobile/smartphone’ to modernize the questionnaire (GQL-15m). The GQL-15m was tested for validity and reliability using Cronbach's alpha (α) coefficient, exploratory factor analysis, and criterion validity. Reproducibility was assessed through a 2-week test-retest analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 157 out of 468 eligible patients with glaucoma participated in the survey (33% response rate). The mean age was 67<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->12 years (64%, women). The GQL-15m showed a mean total score of 29.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->7.31, suggesting good QoL. Internal consistency was high for both the GQL-15 (α<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.97) and GQL-15m (α<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.96). Criterion validity was supported by significant correlations between the GQL-15m scores and the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ 25), World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQoL-BREF), Glaucoma Symptom Scale (GSS), Glaucoma Utility Index (GUI), and visual acuity. Reproducibility was high, with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.89.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The GQL-15m is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing QoL in Spanish-speaking individuals with glaucoma and has potential for broader application across various cultural contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 330-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melanoma orbitario primario en una paciente con nevus de Ota","authors":"M.V. Segura Fernández-Nogueras ,&nbsp;M. Tirado Pascual ,&nbsp;H. Piñas Hormeño ,&nbsp;C. Alba Linero","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Primary orbitary melanoma is a very rare malignancy which grows adjacent to melanocyte-rich areas. This is the case of a 48 years-old woman with oculodermal melanocytosis who develops a primary orbital melanoma. After the first approach with exeresis and adjuvant radiotherapy and a subsequent management with orbital exenteration and adjuvant immunotherapy; the patient has reached a remission period of 12 months so far. With this case the aims are to emphasize the severe complications potentially associated to the oculodermal melanocytosis and to demonstrate the need of treating complex patients through multidisciplinary teams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 362-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sorprendente regresión completa de una membrana neovascular coroidea con faricimab","authors":"F. Garcia Ibor,&nbsp;N. Ruiz del Rio,&nbsp;A.M. Duch Samper","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 372-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desprendimientos del epitelio pigmentario en la degeneración macular asociada a la edad","authors":"G. Liaño Sanz-Diez de Ulzurrun ,&nbsp;P. Escámez Fernández ,&nbsp;J.M. Hernáez Leonato ,&nbsp;B. Son Camey ,&nbsp;I. Rosado Cerro ,&nbsp;C. Arruabarrena","doi":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oftal.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pigment epithelial detachments (PEDs) form a heterogeneous group of lesions of diverse prognosis and treatment that have in common the pathologic elevation of the retinal pigment epithelium plane and its detachment from the underlying layers.</div><div>Although PEDs are a common finding in age-related macular degeneration, especially in its exudative forms, the diagnostic characterization and prognostic estimation of these lesions is a clinical challenge that necessarily requires a multimodal imaging approach. This review presents the clinical characteristics of the different groups of PED, their diagnostic imaging profile, as well as their natural history.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8348,"journal":{"name":"Archivos De La Sociedad Espanola De Oftalmologia","volume":"100 6","pages":"Pages 340-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}