Annales pharmaceutiques francaises最新文献

{"title":"Protective effect of Enicostemma axillare - Swertiamarin on oxidative stress against nicotine-induced liver damage in SD rats","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The current investigation was aimed to determine the hepatoprotective benefits of Swertiamarin (ST) administration against nicotine-induced hepatotoxicity in SD rats.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>A total of 48 adult male SD rats were allocated into six groups using a fully randomised approach. As a control, group I was given oral (PO) normal saline. For 65 days, the animals in groups II, III, IV, V and VI received 2.5<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of nicotine intraperitoneally (IP), 100<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of ST orally (PO), 200<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of ST orally (PO), 2.5<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of nicotine (IP)<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->100<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of ST (PO), and 2.5<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of nicotine (IP)<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->200<!--> <!-->mg/kg/day of ST (PO), respectively. Animals were killed on 66<sup>th</sup>day, liver tissue was removed and used for histopathological analysis as well as biochemical testing (oxidative stress parameters and liver function enzymes).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>When compared to control animals, the animals in group II showed a substantial rise in their aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine levels (<em>P</em> <!-->˂<!--> <!-->0.001). Furthermore, compared to control animals, these animals displayed enhanced hepatic oxidative stress as indicated by significantly higher Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (<em>P</em> <!-->˂<!--> <!-->0.001) and lower levels of Catalase (CAT), Glutathione (GSH), Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) (<em>P</em> <!-->˂<!--> <!-->0.001). Further, more histological anomalies were seen in the liver of nicotine-treated rats compared to control rats, including significant vacuolization, poor tissue architecture, the growth of pycnotic nuclei, and dilated sinusoids. Contrary to nicotine-treated rats, the co-administration of ST and nicotine was observed to prevent the abnormalities caused by nicotine (groups V and VI).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results of the current study show that nicotine can seriously harm liver tissue and that swertiamarin can prevent the harmful effects of nicotine on rat liver. Future research is necessary to delve deeply into the mechanisms behind swertiamarin protective impact against nicotine-induced hepatotoxicity.</p></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>La présente enquête visait à déterminer les bénéfices hépatoprotecteurs de l’administration de Swertiamarine (ST) contre l’hépatotoxicité induite par la nicotine chez les rats SD.</p></div><div><h3>Matériel et méthodes</h3><p>Au total, 48 rats SD mâles adultes ont été répartis en six groupes en utilisant une approche entièrement randomisée. À titre de contrôle, le groupe I a reçu une solution saline normale par voie orale (PO). Pendant 65<!--> <!-->jours, les animaux des groupes II, III, IV, V et VI ont reçu 2,5<!--> <!-->mg/kg/j de nicotine par voie intrapéritonéale (IP), 100<!--> <!-->mg/kg/j de","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 792-799"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140760073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of quetiapine fumarate loaded polyethylene glycol decorated graphene oxide nanosheets: In vitro-ex vivo characterization","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Quetiapine Fumarate (QF) is an atypical antipsychotic with poor oral bioavailability (9%) due to its low permeability and pH-dependent solubility. Therefore, this study aims to design QF-loaded polyethylene glycol (PEG) functionalized </span>graphene oxide<span> nanosheets (GON) for nasal delivery of QF. In brief, GO was synthesized using a modified Hummers process, followed by ultra-sonication to produce GON. Subsequently, PEG-functionalized GON was prepared using carbodiimide chemistry (PEG-GON). QF was then decorated onto the cage of PEG-GON using the π–π stacking phenomenon (QF@PEG-GON). The QF@PEG-GON nanocomposite underwent several spectral characterizations, </span></span><em>in vitro</em> drug release, mucoadhesion study, <em>ex vivo</em> diffusion study, etc. The surface morphology of QF@PEG-GON nanocomposite validates the cracked nature of the nanocomposite, whereas the diffractograms and thermogram of nanocomposite confirm the conversion of QF into an amorphous form with uniform distribution in PEG-GON. Moreover, an <em>ex vivo</em> study of PEG-GON demonstrates superior mucoadhesion capacity due to its surface functional groups and hydrophilicity. The percent drug loading content and percent entrapment efficiency of the nanocomposite were found to be 9.2<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->0.62% and 92.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.02%, respectively. The developed nanocomposite exhibited 43.82<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.65% drug release within 24<!--> <!-->h, with the Korsemeyer-Peppas model providing the best-fit release kinetics (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup>: 0.8614). Here, the interlayer spacing of PEG-GON prevented prompt diffusion of the buffer, leading to a delayed release pattern. In conclusion, the anticipated QF@PEG-GON nanocomposite shows promise as a nanocarrier platform for nasal delivery of QF.</p></div><div><p>Le fumarate de quétiapine (QF) est un antipsychotique atypique avec une faible biodisponibilité orale (9 %) en raison de sa faible perméabilité et de sa solubilité dépendante du pH. Par conséquent, cette étude vise à concevoir des nanofeuilles d’oxyde de graphène (GON) fonctionnalisées en polyéthylène glycol (PEG) chargées de QF pour l’administration nasale de QF. En bref, GO a été synthétisé à l’aide d’un procédé Hummers modifié, suivi d’une ultra-sonication pour produire du GON. Par la suite, du GON fonctionnalisé par PEG a été préparé en utilisant la chimie du carbodiimide (PEG-GON). QF a ensuite été décoré sur la cage de PEG-GON en utilisant le phénomène d’empilement π–π (QF@PEG-GON). Le nanocomposite QF@PEG-GON a subi plusieurs caractérisations spectrales, libération de médicaments in vitro, étude de mucoadhésion, étude de diffusion ex vivo, etc. La morphologie de surface du nanocomposite QF@PEG-GON valide la nature fissurée du nanocomposite, alors que les diffractogrammes et le thermogramme de nanocomposite confirment la conversion du QF en une forme amorphe à distribution uniforme dans le PEG-GON. De plus, une étud","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 848-864"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV rapid tests immunological internal control can be misleading","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 765-770"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141185985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Base de données Enthalpies : évidence et théorie appliquée à la pratique en stérilisation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectifs</h3><p>Afin de partager leurs connaissances, les responsables d’unités de stérilisation publient les résultats de leurs travaux dans des revues ou lors de congrès scientifiques. Enthalpies a pour objectif de répertorier l’ensemble de ces travaux dans une base de données unique. Le travail présenté décrit la construction de cette base et l’évaluation de la faisabilité de sa mise en place pour l’étape du lavage.</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>La première étape a consisté à réaliser une revue de la littérature. Seuls les articles publiés sur 10<!--> <!-->ans (2013–2023) en lien avec l’étape de lavage ont été inclus. Ensuite, chaque publication a été catégorisée, codée, gradée et résumée par un binôme pharmacien-interne. L’ensemble de ces données a été colligé dans un tableur Excel® puis à partir de la catégorisation des données, une arborescence a été créée permettant d’appréhender l’interface entre l’utilisateur et la plateforme devant héberger Enthalpies.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Quatre-vingt et une publications ont été identifiées. Celles-ci ont été catégorisées en 6 thèmes et 27 sous-thèmes. Pour chaque publication, une grille de lecture a été rédigée. Genially®, plateforme en ligne, a été choisi pour héberger notre base de données.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Enthalpies n’a pas été conçu pour émettre des recommandations de bonne pratique. Cependant, cet outil permet en colligeant les données scientifiques publiées d’aider à la prise de décision. Il représente une solution innovante pour mettre à disposition une revue de la littérature dans le domaine de la stérilisation hospitalière.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>In order to share their knowledge, sterilization unit managers publish the results of their work in journals or at scientific conferences. The aim of Enthalpies is to list all such work in a single database. The work presented describes the construction of this database and the assessment of its feasibility for the washing step.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The first step was to carry out a literature review. Only articles published over 10<!--> <!-->years (2013–2023) in connection with the ten-year washing stage were included. Then, each publication was categorized, coded, graded and summarized by a pharmacist-internal pair. All this data was collated in an Excel® spreadsheet, and from the data categorization a tree structure was created, enabling the interface between the user and the platform hosting Enthalpies to be understood.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eighty-one publications were identified. These were categorized into 6 themes and 27 sub-themes. A reading grid was drawn up for each publication. Genially®, an online platform, was chosen to host our database.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Enthalpies was not designed to issue recommendations for best practice. However, by collating published scientific data, this tool can be used to assist decision-making. It represents","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 916-923"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140768183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covid-19 psychological distress: Analysis of antipsychotic drugs’ use in an Italian population sample","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The current pandemic, in addition to putting a strain on healthcare systems and global economies, has exacerbated psychiatric problems and undermined the mental health of many individuals. In an Italian cohort, this phenomenon has been assessed through a retrospective study aimed at evaluating the consumption and costs of antipsychotic drugs between 2020 and 2022.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>All dispensations made in local pharmacies accessible to the public have been extracted from a database called ‘Sistema Tessera Sanitaria’, which covers a population of approximately one million people residents in the ASL Napoli 3 Sud. Consumption data expressed in defined daily dose (DDD) and expenditure data expressed in Euro have been extrapolated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results in the years 2020–2021 were relatively consistent, with consumption and expenditure decreasing slightly from 2020 to 2021. In 2022, the results showed a decrease in consumption and expenditure (2,706,951.07 DDD and €1,700,897.47) representing the reduced accessibility of patients to the healthcare facilities due to the pandemic. However, it should be noted that the antipsychotic drug aripiprazole showed an upward trend, registering an increase in consumption.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Despite expectations of increased consumption of antipsychotic medications, real-world evidence indicated a different phenomenon, with the pandemic seemingly not affecting the consumption of these drugs. The difficulty in accessing care and medical appointments has probably influenced this data, masking the therapeutic needs of citizens. It will be necessary to assess in the coming years, as normal clinical activity resumes, whether there will be a growing consumption of these medications, which represent one of the main expenditure categories for the National Healthcare System.</p></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><p>La pandémie actuelle, en plus de mettre à rude épreuve les systèmes de santé et les économies mondiales, a exacerbé les problèmes psychiatriques et miné la santé mentale de nombreux individus. Il est bien connu que les événements épidémiques, en particulier les périodes de confinement, augmentent le risque de développer des troubles anxieux, des dépressions et des comportements agressifs.</p></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><p>Dans une cohorte italienne, ce phénomène a été évalué par le biais d’une étude rétrospective visant à évaluer la consommation et les coûts des médicaments antipsychotiques pendant et après la pandémie de Covid-19 dans les années 2020–2022. Toutes les ordonnances délivrées dans les pharmacies locales accessibles au public ont été extraites d’une base de données appelée Health Card System, couvrant une population d’environ un million de personnes.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Les résultats pour les années 2020 à 2021 sont relativement cohérents, la consommation et les dépenses ayant légèrement diminué entre 2020 et ","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 840-847"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140780545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycemic and lipid control in patients with diabetes at time of myocardial infarction","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Cardiovascular risk is increased in patients with diabetes. Little is known about glycemic and lipid control in patients with diabetes. We aimed to assess glycemic and lipid controls in patients with diabetes at time of their myocardial infarction.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>All known patients with type 2 diabetes consecutively admitted for a myocardial infarction in our coronary care unit between March 1<sup>st</sup> and December 31<sup>st</sup>, 2021 were included in this retrospective study. Glycemic and lipid control was assessed through individualized target of glycated haemoglobin (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), respectively. At admission, the comprehensive list of chronic medications was obtained through medication reconciliation.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study included 112 patients with a median age of 72 years. Most of patients had an individualized target of HbA<sub>1c</sub> and LDL-c of 7.0% (67%) and 0.55<!--> <!-->g/L (96%), respectively. The rate of uncontrolled patients for HbA<sub>1c</sub> and LDL-c and both was 46%, 90%, and 42% respectively. The rate of patients with non-optimal glucose- and lipid-lowering medications in uncontrolled patients was 63% and 87%, respectively. The rate of inappropriate glucose- and lipid-lowering medications was 73% and 91%, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>We highlighted the poor glycemic and lipid control in high-risk CV patients. There is an urgent need to develop multidisciplinary approaches to optimize CV risk factors control to reduce myocardial infarction and strokes.</p></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><p>Les patients diabétiques présentent un haut risqué cardiovasculaire. Peu de données existent sur le contrôle glycémique et lipidique des patients diabétiques en vie réelle. Notre objectif était d’évaluer le contrôle glycémique et lipidique des patients diabétiques au moment de leu infarctus du myocarde.</p></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><p>Tous les patients diabétiques connus admis dans notre unité de soins intensifs de cardiologie pour un infarctus du myocarde entre mars et décembre 2021 ont été inclus dans notre analyse rétrospective. Le contrôle glycémique et lipidique a été évalué à l’aide des valeurs cibles individualisées d’hémoglobine glyquée (HbA<sub>1c</sub>) et du cholestérol lipoprotéine de faible densité (LDL-c). À l’admission, un bilan médicamenteux optimisé a été effectué par le pharmacien.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>L’étude a inclus 112 patients d’âge médian 72 ans. La plupart des patients avait des valeurs de HbA<sub>1c</sub> et LDL-c cibles de 7,0 % (67 %) et 0,55 g/L (96 %), respectivement. Le taux de patients non contrôlés pour HbA<sub>1c</sub>, LDL-c et les deux était 46 %, 90 % et 42 %, respectivement. Le taux de patients avec un traitement antidiabétique et hypolipémiant non optimal était 63 % et 87 %, respectivement. Le taux de médicaments antidiabétiques et hypolipémiants ","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 865-872"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of mucoadhesive microspheres for intranasal delivery of fluconazole as an alternative treatment of cryptococcal meningitis infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cryptococcal meningitis is a deadly disease with few treatment options. Its incidence is still high and closely linked to the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This study aimed to develop a mucoadhesive microsphere delivery system for fluconazole for the intranasal route.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Microspheres of mucoadhesive fluconazole formulation variables such as different amounts of drug concentration and polymer concentration were prepared by a simple emulsion-crosslinking method. The prepared microspheres’ surface was characterised by SEM (Scanning electron microscopy) and evaluated for particle size, entrapment efficiency, production yield, infrared spectroscopic study, in-vitro muco-adhesion, and in-vitro drug release.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The results showed that formula 1 is the optimal mucoadhesive microsphere preparation, with a particle size of 56.375<!--> <!-->m, a spherical surface shape, an entrapment efficiency of 99.96%, and a greater mucoadhesive capability during 6-hour evaluation. Furthermore, wash-off examination revealed that the mucoadhesive ability of this delivery system has a long duration and may release the active material at the right time.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The result of the researches suggesting that the formulation of mucoadhesive microspheres of fluconazole could be used to treat cryptococcal meningitis infection in HIV/AIDS patients.</p></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>La méningite à cryptocoque est une maladie mortelle avec peu d’options de traitement. Son incidence est encore élevée et étroitement liée à l’épidémie de VIH/sida. Cette étude visait à développer un système d’administration de microsphère muco-adhésif pour le fluconazole par voie intranasale.</p></div><div><h3>Méthode</h3><p>Des microsphères de variables de formulation de fluconazole mucoadhesives telles que différentes quantités de concentration de médicament et de concentration de polymère ont été préparées par une méthode simple de réticulation d’émulsion. La surface des microsphères préparées a été caractérisée par SEM (microscopie électronique à balayage) et évaluée pour la taille des particules, l’efficacité du piégeage, le rendement de la production, l’étude spectroscopique infrarouge, la muco-adhésion in vitro et la libération de médicaments in vitro.</p></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><p>Les résultats ont montré que la formule (1) est la préparation optimale de la microsphère muco-adhésive, avec une taille de particule de 56,375<!--> <!-->m, une forme de surface sphérique, une efficacité de piégeage de 99,96 % et une plus grande capacité de muco-adhésive pendant 6<!--> <!-->h d’évaluation. De plus, l’examen de lavage a révélé que la capacité muco-adhésive de ce système d’administration a une longue durée et peut libérer le matériau actif au bon moment.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Le résultat des recherches suggère que la formulation de microsphères muco-adhésives du fluconazole pour","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 813-821"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140776646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary cytomegalovirus excretion: The unresolved issues","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) excretion in urine is frequently observed in clinical practice. However, the specific circumstances and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this shedding remain largely unknown. Here, we address some of the key questions regarding urinary CMV excretion, focusing on new hypotheses raised by recent advances in the field. Cellular origins of CMV shedding, clinical contexts of occurrence, systemic spread of the virus <em>versus</em> compartmentalization in the urinary tract, and clinical impact are successively discussed.</p></div><div><p>Le cytomégalovirus (CMV) est fréquemment détecté dans l’urine mais les circonstances cliniques et les mécanismes physiopathologiques qui sous-tendent cette virurie restent mal compris. Dans cette revue, nous cherchons à répondre aux principales questions soulevées par cette excrétion urinaire de CMV, en appréhendant successivement: l’origine cellulaire de l’excrétion virale au sein de l’arbre urinaire, le contexte clinique sous-jacent, la distinction entre diffusion systémique du virus et compartimentation et l’impact clinique de ces viruries à CMV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"82 5","pages":"Pages 755-761"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140139838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effects of stevia aqueous extract alone or in combination with metformin in induced polycystic ovary syndrome rats: Gene expression, hormonal balance, and metabolomics aspects","authors":"A. Saedi ,&nbsp;S. Zarei ,&nbsp;M. Vatanparast ,&nbsp;M.R. Hajizadeh ,&nbsp;R. Hosseiniara ,&nbsp;O.S. Esmaeili ,&nbsp;M. Mohammad-Sadeghipour ,&nbsp;Z. Mirzaei ,&nbsp;M. Mahmoodi","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aimed to assess the individual and combined effects of SAE and Met on the expression of genes related to insulin signaling, oxidative stress, hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia in rats with induced PCOS.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The estrous cycle of 50 adult Wistar female rats was monitored through vaginal smears. Subsequently, the rats were randomly assigned into five groups of 10, including control (receiving 1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;ml of carboxymethyl cellulose for 49 days), induction (letrozole at 1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/kg/d for 21 days), SAE, Met, and SAE/Met. SAE and Met were orally administered at doses of 400&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/kg/d and 250&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/kg/d on day 22 and continued for an additional 28 days. Vaginal smears were analyzed, and gene expression levels of GLUT4, SIRT1, TNF-α, and INSR were evaluated using RT-qPCR. Antioxidant parameters were assessed using detection kits.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Treatment with SAE and Met restored a regular estrous cycle pattern in PCOS rats. Furthermore, SAE and Met treatment improved hormonal balance, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia in the rats. Administration of SAE and Met significantly elevated levels of antioxidant enzymes SOD and GPx in ovarian tissue (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.001). Additionally, mRNA levels of GLUT4, SIRT1, and INSR were significantly increased in ovarian tissue following SAE and Met treatment, while TNF-α gene expression decreased significantly (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;&lt;&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.0001).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The findings suggest that SAE and Met aqueous extract exert protective effects on letrozole-induced PCOS in rats by modulating gene expression associated with insulin signaling and oxidative stress.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objectifs&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cette étude visait à évaluer les effets individuels et combinés du SAE et du Met sur l’expression de gènes liés à la signalisation de l’insuline, au stress oxydatif, au déséquilibre hormonal, à la résistance à l’insuline et à la dyslipidémie chez les rats atteints du SOPK induit.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Méthodes&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Le cycle œstral de 50 rats femelles Wistar adultes a été surveillé au moyen de frottis vaginaux. Par la suite, les rats ont été répartis au hasard en cinq groupes de 10, comprenant le contrôle (recevant 1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;ml de carboxyméthylcellulose pendant 49&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;jours), l’induction (létrozole à 1&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/kg/j pendant 21&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;jours), le SAE, le Met et le SAE/Met. SAE et Met ont été administrés par voie orale à des doses de 400&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/kg/j et 250&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;mg/kg/j au jour 22 et ont été poursuivis pendant 28&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;jours supplémentaires. Les frottis vaginaux ont été analysés et les niveaux d’expression génique de GLUT4, SIRT1, TNF-α et INSR ont été évalués par RT-qPCR. Les paramètres antioxydants ont été évalués à l’aide de kits de détection.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Résultats&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Le traitement par SAE et Met a rétab","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"83 2","pages":"Pages 297-310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142054789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk analysis applied to the process of managing medical single use devices in a hospital pharmacy department","authors":"Aymen Ben Salem ,&nbsp;Fatma Sellami ,&nbsp;Ahlem Ben Cheikh Brahim ,&nbsp;Yosr Krichen ,&nbsp;Aimen Abbassi","doi":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pharma.2024.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;During the COVID-19 pandemic, single use medical devices’ supply (SUMD) was marked by repetitive and unforeseen interruptions. The present study aimed to determine the risks related to the processes of management of medical devices in our CHU according to a method of failure mode, effect and criticality analysis (FMECA).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Qualified healthcare professionals were recruited to form a multidisciplinary consensus committee. By analyzing the process map, all failure modes, causes and consequences were identified through brainstorming meetings. They were then classified taking into account the criticality index (CI) calculated according to three parameters: frequency, severity, and detectability. The prioritization was carried out by considering the mean and the median values of the CI as limits. Corrective and preventive actions were then proposed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A total of 49 failure modes were identified, accumulating 4466 criticality points. The most critical step is that relating to the inter-depot order with a CI equal to 783 points. An action plan was developed, allows us to control 64% of the overall criticality of the risks linked to the process. Three main lines of action have been proposed: continuous training, especially for managerial and administrative tasks, logistical improvement (architectural reorganization and implementation of systems for securing the circuit of SUMDs) and support for the digitization of hospital pharmacy.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The FMECA is a consensual method, which makes it possible to propose actions in order to reduce the risks linked to the process of managing medical devices. Optimizing the estimation of needs, strengthening communication with stakeholders and securing the circuit are essential to guarantee the availability of SUMDs for the benefit of the patient.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Lors de la pandémie de COVID-19, l’apprivoisement en dispositifs médicaux (DM) a été marqué par des interruptions répétitives et imprévues. La présente étude visait à déterminer les risques liés aux processus de gestion des DM dans notre CHU selon une méthode d’analyse des modes de défaillance et de leurs effets (AMDEC).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Méthodes&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Des professionnels de la santé qualifiés ont été recrutés pour former une équipe d’étude multidisciplinaire. Après la rédaction de la cartographie du processus, les modes de défaillance ont été définis tout en indiquant les causes et conséquences à travers des réunions de brainstorming. Ensuite, ils ont été classés en tenant compte de l’indice de criticité (IC) calculé selon trois paramètres : la fréquence, la sévérité, et la détectabilité. La priorisation a été réalisée en considérant la moyenne et les valeurs médianes de l’IC comme limites. Des actions correctives et préventives ont alors été proposées.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Résultats&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Un tota","PeriodicalId":8332,"journal":{"name":"Annales pharmaceutiques francaises","volume":"83 2","pages":"Pages 287-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142046165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}