The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]最新文献

{"title":"What causes successful late development?Insights from history","authors":"Christoph Buccheim","doi":"10.1080/10113430609511192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430609511192","url":null,"abstract":"The first graph in Diagram 1 demonstrates that today there exist extremely large differences in real income per capita between highly developed and less developed countries, especially some of the least developed ones in sub-Saharan Africa.\u0000Because the underlying domestic currency figures of GDP have been recalculated into US dollars by using purchasing power parities, the distorting effects of exchange rates in such comparisons between developed and underdeveloped economies cannot be responsible for the fact that, for example, the GDP per capita of Ethiopia in 2004 was only two per cent of America's and Ghana's a mere five per cent. Thus the diagram truly shows how poor many African countries are, even in relation to less developed countries on other continents.","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"5 1","pages":"52 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78608972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The exchange control amnesty and the repatriation of foreign capital 2003–2005","authors":"R. Gidlow","doi":"10.1080/10113430609511194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430609511194","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa's economic history has been characterised in part by marked fluctuations in the position on the balance of payments. This was vividly illustrated by the turnaround in the external accounts in 2002 and beyond, after a lean two decades or so in which the country's economic performance had been adversely affected by recurring balance of payments problems. This favourable shift in turn created new opportunities for the authorities, and was reflected in part in new initiatives on the balance of payments front. In this regard the national budget that was presented by Finance Minister, Trevor Manuel, on 26 February 2003, incorporated some significant moves that accelerated the process of progressively liberalising the long-standing exchange control regime. The move away from the old financial regime was speeded up by starting to release blocked rand balances held by emigrants from South Africa, and by introducing an exchange control and tax amnesty for residents.","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"23 1","pages":"124 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87426746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Datatec: A shooting star in the IT firmament 1989–2000","authors":"Stuart Jones","doi":"10.1080/10113430609511195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430609511195","url":null,"abstract":"As the title suggests, Datatec was, for a brief period one of the stars of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange. Its extraordinary experience showed how a small enterprise in sanction-hounded South Africa was able to take advantage of the new political dispensation in 1994 to list on the JSE and move rapidly into the expanding information technology market. The times were propitious. The developed economies of the world were experiencing a Schumpeterian fifth long wave of technological innovation based on the personal computer, the creation of the internet and cell phone telephony. American technology made it possible and America remained the main source of innovation throughout the 1990s. The introduction and application of the new technology, though, depended to a great extent upon the existence of local entrepreneurs and the existence of an entrepreneur-friendly environment. Both existed in South Africa in the mid-1990s.","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"23 1","pages":"141 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82652353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The second decade: The South African Journal of Economic History 1996 to 2005","authors":"Jon Inggs","doi":"10.1080/10113430609511191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430609511191","url":null,"abstract":"The South African Journal of Economic History came of age this September when it turned 21 with this issue. Coincidentally, in the preceeding 20 volumes, 221 articles were published. Thus, with almost two million words under its belt, the journal enters its third decade as a well-established academic publication.\u0000The journal still lives up to its title and is, indeed, a South African journal of economic history. This does not mean that it is merely a journal of South African economic history only. Topics covered are far wider, but, at the same time, the journal's roots are solidly southern African. From almost 70 per cent in the first decade, 86 per cent of the 98 articles published since 1996 are on a southern African theme. This higher percentage is boosted by two special issues on the South African economy in the 1970s and 1990s and another on business imperialism in South Africa.","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"142 1","pages":"1 - 51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85273586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating White poverty in interwar South Africa: ‘Civilised labour’ and the construction of Groote Schuur Hospital 1926–1938","authors":"H. Phillips","doi":"10.1080/10113430509511188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430509511188","url":null,"abstract":"So central to the South African state's interwar labour policies was the notion of 'civilised labour' that contemporary scholars as distinguished as Hancock, De Kiewiet and Hutt used that label as chapter titles to characterise those policies as a whole. To them its significance in the bigger picture of South Africa's history was clear. In Hancock's opinion, it gave explicit expression to the fundamental conviction \"that 'civilization' and 'whiteness' are aspects of the same thing\".","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"216 1","pages":"109 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90710178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The collapse of the rand in 2001 and the effectiveness of exchange controls in South Africa","authors":"R. Gidlow","doi":"10.1080/10113430509511184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430509511184","url":null,"abstract":"In an effort to furnish support for the beleaguered rand, which had fallen by roughly 12 per cent against the dollar in 2000 and 19 per cent in 2001, and direct more investments into the local economy, the South African authorities imposed a freeze on new offshore investments undertaken by South African financial institutions, a move which came into effect at the beginning of 2002. Institutional investors transferred R3, 8 billion abroad between February and December 2001. In a further effort to discourage foreign investment, the Minister of Finance in his February 2002 budget statement announced that the exemptions limit of interest and dividend income received from abroad from income tax was set at only R1000 compared with R6000 for interest income received from domestic sources.\u0000These steps to block such transfers once again raised questions whether the government's commitment to progressively phase out exchange controls in entirety was still in place at that time and these doubts were further strengthened by the comments of the Reserve Bank governor, Tito Mboweni, in his address at the annual general meeting of the bank in August 2002, when he referred to the desirability of relaxing exchange controls very gradually. The resort to tighter exchange controls had, moreover, occurred at a time when the degree of effectiveness of exchange controls had come to the fore once again. The Myburgh Commission, which had been investigating the fall of the rand in 2001, had been focusing part of its attention upon the exchange control system and whether this system could be effectively administered now that many of the regulations in the exchange control field had been simplified or abolished. The majority report of the commission in 2002 concluded that the administration of exchange controls appeared to work well and was effective, but this was a conclusion which could be seriously challenged.\u0000The purpose of this article, therefore, is to review the official moves on the exchange control front in 2001 and 2002, as well as assess the effectiveness of the exchange controls in general in an environment where significant partial relaxations in exchange controls had transpired and the rand had been a structurally weak currency. In the process it will be argued that the exchange control authorities were facing mounting difficulties in effectively administering the remaining exchange control system, which called into question the rationale for exchange controls.","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"189 1","pages":"1 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76950286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of new technology in the South African textile industry's quest for survival in the 1990s","authors":"R. Jafta","doi":"10.1080/10113430509511185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430509511185","url":null,"abstract":"At the beginning of the 1990s the South African economy faced turbulent times and multiple challenges; not least of which was the competitiveness of firms in the manufacturing sector. During the apartheid years, South African firms had been fairly insulated against foreign competition as a result of government protection and trade sanctions. This was particularly true of the textile industry, where protection increased steadily over the better part of the twentieth century.","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"PP 1","pages":"19 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84348240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The management of South Africa's water resources with particular reference to the period 1956–1998","authors":"A. Lumby, M. Matete, J. Rwelamira","doi":"10.1080/10113430509511187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430509511187","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa has experienced a significant transitional stage in its water resource management strategy. The previous government enacted the Water Act of 1956, which regulated the use of water in South Africa until 1998. During that 40-year period, water resource management focused on the allocation of available water supply to meet the needs of the more developed sectors of the economy.","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"08 1","pages":"108 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86115920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of American mining technology and American mining engineers in the Witwatersrand gold mining industry 1890–1910","authors":"Elaine N. Katz","doi":"10.1080/10113430509511186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430509511186","url":null,"abstract":"In January 1903, in the aftermath of the Anglo-Boer War (1899-1902), Joseph Chamberlain, British Secretary of State for the Colonies, visited South Africa \"to enquire on the spot into the conditions of the country\". This mission, of course, included a tour of the industrial engine of the whole region, the Witwatersrand goldfields. These were situated in the Transvaal, the former South African (Boer) Republic under President Paul Kruger.","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"58 1","pages":"48 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79235286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The changing popularity of economics at South African universities 1991–1999","authors":"R. Viljoen","doi":"10.1080/10113430509511189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10113430509511189","url":null,"abstract":"In 2003 the eminent British economist, John Kay, sketched a rather negative view of the change in the popularity of economics as a subject in the United Kingdom over the last 40 years in an article titled \"These are desolate times for the dismal science\". In the 1960s the outlook for economics and economists had looked very bright and Kay noted: The world economy had experienced two decades of unprecedented growth and stability.","PeriodicalId":83269,"journal":{"name":"The South African journal of economic history : [journal of the Economic History Society of Southern Africa]","volume":"53 1","pages":"131 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90828289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}