Stadion Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-61

A. Priebe

{"title":"Die Abteilungen für Luftfahrt an deutschen Universitäten unter dem NS-Regime","authors":"A. Priebe","doi":"10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-61","url":null,"abstract":"On 17 November 1934, the Reich Education Ministry (REM) issued a decree on the “cultivation of aviation in schools and universities”. It aimed at “ensuring the next generation of aviation professionals in the practical, aeronautical, technical, and scientific fields”, the importance of which, according to the REM, “had even increased with the resurgence of the German Luftwaffe”.\u0000 Hence, universities and colleges of physical education were deemed responsible for further civil and - increasingly - military training and research in aviation, whereas research in aeronautical engineering was carried out at technical universities, under the enforced auspices of the Reich Ministry of Aviation. From 1934 onwards, aviation training would be coordinated by departments of aviation, which were also responsible for the gliding training of students and, above all, sports instructors. The recast decree of 30 December 1939 would expand and enforce training and research defined as “essential for the war effort”. This crucial development, which essentially bolstered the military strategy of the Nazis before and during World War II, i.e., the so-called “Blitzkrieg”, is presented in a detailed overview, based on recently discovered archival sources.","PeriodicalId":82798,"journal":{"name":"Stadion","volume":"2004 1","pages":"61-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72759300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Les nationalistes français et le milieu sportif, de l’entre-deux-guerres aux années 1960 : Une relation privilégiée 法国民族主义者和体育界，从两次世界大战之间到20世纪60年代:一种特权关系

Stadion Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-158

Fabien Conord

{"title":"Les nationalistes français et le milieu sportif, de l’entre-deux-guerres aux années 1960 : Une relation privilégiée","authors":"Fabien Conord","doi":"10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-158","url":null,"abstract":"Nationalism, a political trend born in Europe at the end of the 19th century, operates in the classical political field through leagues and parties, but also spreads throughout society. During the interwar period, many French nationalist activists became involved in sports federations and the Olympic movement. They formed genuine networks which they mobilised as a political resource. Some of these even managed French sport during the Second World War. After the Second World War, the sports movement played a significant role as a refuge for leaders compromised with the regime set up by Philippe Pétain and even with the occupying forces. From the 1920s to the 1960s, many federations were presided over by nationalists (cycling, fencing, swimming, Basque pelota, motor sports, tennis), as was the French Olympic Committee, where Armand Massard and then Jean de Beaumont succeeded each other between 1933 and 1967. This article illustrates that sport and politics are often linked: it shows how, through the itinerary of a group of leading figures in the sports movement, the privileged link between French nationalism and certain sports was established over a period of about half a century.","PeriodicalId":82798,"journal":{"name":"Stadion","volume":"403 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78059246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Les relations franco-kényanes dans les courses de fond : Un processus postcolonial singulier (1960–2019) 长跑中的法国-肯尼亚关系:一个独特的后殖民进程(1960 - 2019)

Stadion Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-204

C. Thomas, Pascal Charroin, B. Soulé

{"title":"Les relations franco-kényanes dans les courses de fond : Un processus postcolonial singulier (1960–2019)","authors":"C. Thomas, Pascal Charroin, B. Soulé","doi":"10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-204","url":null,"abstract":"At the Mexico City Olympics, Kenya won eight medals in athletics. This performance enabled this State, whose independence dated back just four years, to display its identity to the eyes of the world. Kenyan athletics, mainly in middle- and long-distance events, continued to assert itself until it dominated the medal ranking in the 2015 World Championships. However, even if it is a vehicle for emancipation and identity-building, Kenyan athletics is also dependent on external influences. Therefore, even though France and Kenya never had colonial links, they have built interdependent relationships in athletics during the post-colonial era.\u0000 The purpose of this study is to understand the particular postcolonial process around which these relationships were built, in the absence of colonial ties. We have chosen to conduct this study based on the investigation of minutes of the French Athletics Federation (FFA) committees and the journal L’Athlétisme, the official FFA review. We conducted semi-structured interviews with Kenyan and French athletics actors (athletes, managers, race organizers, and federal officials). These data reveal a continuing domination of Kenya, by France, in athletics. This relationship of domination marks a survival of the colonial order. However, Kenyan athletes’ domination, especially in marathons, contributes to the vulnerability of French performances. The singularity of the postcolonial process studied lies as much in the absence of colonial ties between France and Kenya as in the transformation of a relationship of domination specific to the colonial period.","PeriodicalId":82798,"journal":{"name":"Stadion","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86611350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deutsche Kurorte als Schaubühnen für die „English sports“ Tennis und Golf 举办德国运动会，举办英国网球大赛和高尔夫球比赛

Stadion Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-5

Heiner Gillmeister

{"title":"Deutsche Kurorte als Schaubühnen für die „English sports“ Tennis und Golf","authors":"Heiner Gillmeister","doi":"10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-5","url":null,"abstract":"Against the backdrop of the introduction of “English sports” into 19th-century Germany, her famous spas played a significant role in making fashionable games such as lawn tennis and golf popular. These spas were the haunts of well-to-do English pensioners and tourists who became their first and almost exclusive patrons. Places like Bad Homburg were also the first to see first-class English players in action. The presence of these sportspeople, and of both English and German royalty at these spas added lustre to their sporting activities and soon attracted the attention of the German burgher. In addition the coverage these games received in high-class journals such as Sport im Bild, edited by the Rotterdam-born Scotsman Andrew Pitcairn-Knowles, and in the lawn tennis yearbooks by Robert Baron von Fichard of Baden-Baden, encouraged more people to adopt the sport of their social betters. The prestige of German spas radiated well beyond the 20th century. Only recently, their illustrious sporting history has been an asset in their applying for recognition as a UNESCO world cultural heritage site. Their golf clubs have been granted the right to add to their names the epithet “royal”, and one of them, Bad Homburg, will host a women’s tennis event in partnership with Wimbledon, immediately preceding The Championships, in the years to come. The present essay examines the historic part played by the German spas in the country’s sports scenario over the decades.","PeriodicalId":82798,"journal":{"name":"Stadion","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75232867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Literaturbericht zur neuesten Historiographie der Tour de France – und zu Raymond Poulidors Tod 回巴黎旅游和普李多的遗史

Stadion Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-183

Joris Lehnert

引用次数: 0

Der Mitropa-Pokal und die Legende mit den roten Schlafwagen. Fußball, Raumkonstruktion und europäische Eisenbahnverkehrsgeschichte in den 1920er/ 1930er Jahren mitropa冠军…和红车的传说。20世纪20年代和30年代的足球、室内设计和欧洲铁路历史

Stadion Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-338

S. Krause, Dirk Suckow

{"title":"Der Mitropa-Pokal und die Legende mit den roten Schlafwagen. Fußball, Raumkonstruktion und europäische Eisenbahnverkehrsgeschichte in den 1920er/ 1930er Jahren","authors":"S. Krause, Dirk Suckow","doi":"10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-338","url":null,"abstract":"The Mitropa Cup founded in 1927 was the most important professional football tournament of the interwar period. It was organized by the international Mitropa Cup committee, which was formed of leading protagonists from Central Europe such as Hugo Meisl. This Central European Cup was played out between different combinations of the leading clubs from the participating countries: Austria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia, and Switzerland. German teams did not take part in the Mitropa Cup, because the DFB did not accept professional football teams at that time. With this sport historical background the study shows in which way the Mitropa Cup (as well as other tournaments) profoundly influenced the construction of economic and social space, and how it influenced the perception of the German Mitropa company. While it has been claimed that Meisl and his comrades could build on the sponsorship of the German restaurant and sleeping car company Mitropa, the parallel investigation of railway history through primary sources and sport history proves that no such relationship has existed, and furthermore, because of an international treaty the Mitropa was not allowed to provide services beyond Germany and several defined destinations. Thus, the discursive and spacial significance of both the Mitropa Cup’s football-based definition of Central Europe, and the Mitropa company as one of the two European players in sleeping and restaurant car services (the other being the French-Belgian CIWL/ISG), forms a historical coincidence.","PeriodicalId":82798,"journal":{"name":"Stadion","volume":"69 1","pages":"338-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86404371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nelson Paillou et la transformation du handball en France (1942–1982) : Entre discours et réalités 纳尔逊·佩卢与法国手球的转变(1942 - 1982):话语与现实之间

Stadion Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-366

Lise Cardin, D. Bolz, Jean-Philippe Saint-Martin

{"title":"Nelson Paillou et la transformation du handball en France (1942–1982) : Entre discours et réalités","authors":"Lise Cardin, D. Bolz, Jean-Philippe Saint-Martin","doi":"10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-366","url":null,"abstract":"Nelson Paillou can be considered a major sports leader of the second half of 20th century France. He was president of the French Handball Federation from 1964 to 1982, vice-president and eventually president of the French National Olympic and Sports Committee (CNOSF) from 1971 to 1993, and a key person in the foundation of the French association for violence-free sport and fair play. Based on printed sources and on personal as well as institutional archives, this article questions the role Paillou played in the development of French sport. First, Paillou worked to introduce and disseminate handball in France, and he developed a policy to enable masses of people to learn to play handball across the country. As such, he targeted the French youth and founded a national executive for handball technique in order to structure the supervision of players of all levels, from initiation up to the elite level. Second, Nelson Paillou also contributed to the recognition and visibility of handball in France and at European and international levels. He developed a significant communication policy and assured a remarkable presence at all handball events in order to reinforce his choices in terms of management and diffusion of the game. Finally, it appears that during the second half of the 20th century, Paillou, who strongly supported the ideals of Pierre de Coubertin, emerged as a promotor of humanist values in sport and in handball. His position against sponsors and some kind of professionalism was overcome with difficulties but it was necessary to open French handball to the international field. Paillou presented himself as an ambiguous French sports leader who sometimes took contradictory decisions. However, Paillou’s resolutions reflected the choices of an opportunistic leader in front of the transformation of sport in a period marked by the arrival of show business and professionalism.","PeriodicalId":82798,"journal":{"name":"Stadion","volume":"72 1","pages":"366-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76608726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Die „Affäre Eidinger“. Zur Premiere des Profifußballs auf dem europäischen Kontinent 1920Die „Affäre Eidinger“. Zur Premiere des Profifußballs auf dem europäischen Kontinent 1920 婚外情艾德华还有这样的应用吗?作为1920年欧洲大陆职业足球的一个替身

Stadion Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-255

André Bial, Erik Eggers

{"title":"Die „Affäre Eidinger“. Zur Premiere des Profifußballs auf dem europäischen Kontinent 1920Die „Affäre Eidinger“. Zur Premiere des Profifußballs auf dem europäischen Kontinent 1920","authors":"André Bial, Erik Eggers","doi":"10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-255","url":null,"abstract":"The first attempt at installing professional football on the European continent has so far been handled in a surprisingly cursory manner by German sports historiography - even though it has been hotly debated for years why the German Football Association (Deutscher Fußball-Bund, DFB) only officially introduced professional football in 1972. Who were Otto and Ernst Eidinger, who, together with their brother-in-law Josef Rosenblüth, acted as “directors” in organising the first professional football game in Germany on August 21st, 1920, in (Berlin-)Lichtenberg between the “1st German Professional Football Club” (1. Deutscher Berufs-Fußball-Club) and a selection of Hungarian professional players? Just as unknown as the economic background of this pioneering project is the fact that the three managers were Jewish. The strong hostility towards them was therefore influenced by anti-Semitic resentment - along with their youthful recklessness. Below, it is argued that leading representatives of the DFB - such as second DFB chairman Felix Linnemann - were under such pressure during the events of summer 1920 that they initially supported the organisation of professional football under the umbrella of the DFB. This utilitarianism sheds new light on the debate amongst German football historians about why the DFB defended its amateur status for so long after the supposed Rosenblüth’schen Fußball G.m.b.H. failed. At the heart of this article, however, is the historical reconstruction of the eventful days of the “Eidinger Affair” and the fate of its protagonists.","PeriodicalId":82798,"journal":{"name":"Stadion","volume":"13 1","pages":"255-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79541722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis Titelei /目录。

Stadion Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-2-227

引用次数: 0

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis Titelei /目录。

Stadion Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.5771/0172-4029-2020-1-1

引用次数: 0

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