Archaeometry最新文献

{"title":"Glaze Formulation Relationship and Coloring Mechanism of Celadon From the Zhanggongxiang Kiln in Ruzhou, Henan, China","authors":"Weijuan Zhao,&nbsp;Pengcheng Li,&nbsp;Bo Wu,&nbsp;Hong Zhao,&nbsp;Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Changwei Yang,&nbsp;Xiaomin Liu","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Zhanggongxiang kiln, located in Ruzhou, Henan Province, China, is an official kiln geographically close to the Ru Guan kiln and Donggou kiln. All of them belong to the celadon firing kiln site. This study employs PIXE, UV–Vis–NIR, XPS, and SEM-EDS techniques to investigate the glaze formulation relationships between the Zhanggongxiang, Ru Guan, and Donggou kilns, as well as the coloring mechanism of Zhanggongxiang celadon. The findings indicate that the glaze formulation for the celadon of Zhanggongxiang kiln may have originated from Ru Guan kiln celadon and influenced Donggou kiln's celadon glaze formulation. The coloring of Zhanggongxiang kiln celadon primarily stems from the enrichment effect of Fe and Ca elements within the phase-separated structure. This not only considerably boosts the chemical coloring capacity of iron but also elevates the glaze's luster. The color variance between the light-green glazes of Zhanggongxiang kilns and the bean-green glazes is primarily due to the interaction of chemical colors from elemental Fe and structural colors from coherent scattering within the phase-separated structure under varying intensities of reducing atmospheres.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 2","pages":"224-235"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147565993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tin–Lead Sewn Tokens From 13th-Century Gdańsk: Assessing Local and Non-Local Production Through Archaeometric Analysis","authors":"Sławomir Wadyl,&nbsp;Jakub Karczewski,&nbsp;Ewelina Miśta-Jakubowska,&nbsp;Jakub Karasiński,&nbsp;Klaudia Tetfejer","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents the results of an interdisciplinary investigation of 98 tin–lead sewn tokens from 13th-century Gdańsk, the largest assemblage of its kind in Central Europe. Combining archaeological context, typology, SEM-EDS and lead isotope analysis, the research explores provenance, production and function. Seven iconographic types were identified. Alloy compositions vary by type, indicating variation by type, reflecting batch-related trends and routine variability. Lead isotope ratio data (MC-ICP-MS) indicate British lead sources; import of finished tokens is more likely, though local casting from imported lead cannot be excluded. The tokens' spatial concentration and diversity suggest integration into local economic practices. Their function remains uncertain, but tokens were integrated into Gdańsk's early urban economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 2","pages":"274-285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/arcm.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147566481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nik van der Merwe 1940–2025","authors":"David Killick,&nbsp;Judy Sealy,&nbsp;Julia Lee-Thorp","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70073","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 1","pages":"144-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146007609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship and Source of Whitings Used as a Painting Ground in Icons From Polish Museum Collections Based on Their Calcareous Nannofossil Content","authors":"Mariusz Kędzierski,&nbsp;Mirosław P. Kruk","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70059","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In icon painting, chalk whiting is key to creating a gesso ground, providing a smooth, absorbent surface for paint. Calcareous nannofossils, tiny marine skeletons found in chalk, are an ideal tool for analyzing the origin of an icon's chalk ground, often the only reliable information about where the icon came from.</p><p>This paper summarizes an analysis of nannofossil assemblages from calcareous whiting in the collections of the National Museum in Krakow, previously analyzed, and the National Museum of Przemyśl Land, where new studies were conducted on 34 samples from icons and 1 from chalk in Mielnik on the Bug River. Nannofossil assemblages from the Przemyśl icons came from the Upper Cretaceous, mainly from the lower Maastrichtian. They showed a predominance of <i>Arkhangelskiella cymbiformis</i> and <i>Micula decussata</i>, while one sample was characterized by the predominance of <i>Watznaueria barnesiae</i> and the presence of the endemic <i>Nannoconus truitti</i>.</p><p>Comparative studies of calcareous nannofossil assemblages from gesso in Przemyśl and Krakow collections reveal two main groups. Over half of the analyzed icons contain boreal assemblages that are highly similar to those found in Chełm's chalk, suggesting the most probable source due to historical mining activities. The remaining boreal nannofossil assemblages do not match chalk from Chełm or Mielnik. A separate group of icons features Tethyan assemblages, while others used pre-Campanian–Maastrichtian Tethyan sediments for their gesso.</p><p>The research methods detailed in this article can be applied to analyze whiting backgrounds in panel paintings, including those beyond museum icons. This allows for pinpointing the material's origin and connecting artworks to specific artistic environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 1","pages":"132-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/arcm.70059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146027554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Various 2D to 3D Techniques for Documenting and Unveiling the Information From European Medieval and Renaissance Tombstones and Native American Rock Art","authors":"Radosław Palonka,&nbsp;Bolesław Zych,&nbsp;Jakub Śliwa,&nbsp;Dariusz Niemiec,&nbsp;Paulina Lewińska","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper examines and compares methods of digital recording and analysis of fragmentarily preserved reliefs from Gothic and Renaissance tombstones at the Cistercian abbey in Mogiła, a district within the city of Kraków, southern Poland. The aim is to provide accurate documentation and examination of these reliefs through the use of various high-resolution digital photography and terrestrial laser scanning techniques, followed by analysis in dedicated software. Additionally, the paper compares the digital methods employed in Kraków-Mogiła with other studies conducted by part of the team in southwestern Colorado, USA, focusing on the digitization of Native American rock art from different time periods, primarily Ancestral Pueblo and historic Ute petroglyphs. Although these two areas and cultural traditions are distinct, they share a common focus on carved and engraved stones and rock surfaces. Our studies provided an opportunity to explore and refine methods and techniques for more effective digital recording and visualization of various types of relief carvings found in stone monuments. The objective was to capture, enhance, and visualize even the faintest and least preserved details of steles, tombstones, and rock art that would otherwise be challenging or impossible to document using traditional methods alone. In addition to the digital analysis and visualizations, extensive historical research was conducted during the study in Kraków-Mogiła. This comprehensive approach led to unexpected discoveries, such as the identification of the missing tombstone of one of the most notable individuals buried in the Mogiła abbey.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 1","pages":"107-119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146007550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semidiaphanam Tremuli Narcissuli Ideam Lacteam1: Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus (1651–1708) and His Determined Search for the Porcelain Principle","authors":"Robert B. Heimann","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70035","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With this contribution, an attempt is being made to chart the timeline of the invention of the European hard-paste porcelain based on historical documents. They were evaluated to trace the development lines from Tschirnhaus's early experiments with burning mirrors and lenses in the 1680s to finding ‘wax porcelain’ around 1694 to the coincidental origination of red fine stoneware (‘jasper porcelain’) in 1706, and finally, to the targeted invention of white calcareous porcelain in 1708. It will be shown how the triumvirate Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus (1651–1708), Gottfried Pabst von Ohain (1656–1729) and Johann Jacob Bartholomäi (1670–1742), together with Johann Friedrich Böttger (1682–1719) arrived at their successful invention. Traditional porcelain paste recipes were recalculated and compared to the chemical and mineralogical compositions of calcareous Meissen porcelain and contemporary Chinese porcelain of the Kangxi epoch (1661–1722).</p>","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 1","pages":"120-131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/arcm.70035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146016379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multispectral Data and LiDAR for Enhanced Georeferencing of Gdanska Glowa's 17th-Century Fortifications","authors":"Pawel Tysiac,&nbsp;Joanna Dąbal,&nbsp;Tadeusz Widerski","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents a novel remote sensing method to detect 17th-century environmental elements associated with the historical fortifications of Gdanska Glowa in Poland. By integrating 10-band multispectral imaging, high-resolution (1 m) digital elevation models, vegetation metrics and random forest classification within Google Earth Engine, the approach identifies subtle topographic and environmental traces of former earthworks. This scalable workflow offers a reproducible solution for remote archaeological investigations. Although field validation remains necessary to confirm specific targets, the methodology provides a robust foundation for heritage research and informs future conservation strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 1","pages":"94-106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/arcm.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146027478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image Formation on the Holy Shroud—A Digital 3D Approach","authors":"Cicero Moraes","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates the origin of the image imprinted on the Shroud of Turin, a linen artifact displaying the frontal and dorsal figures of an adult man with marks of physical violence, using 3D digital simulations. Through free and open-source software, parametric modeling of a human body, fabric dynamics simulation, and contact area mapping were performed. Two scenarios were compared: the projection of a three-dimensional human model and that of a low-relief model. The results demonstrate that the contact pattern generated by the low-relief model is more compatible with the Shroud's image, showing less anatomical distortion and greater fidelity to the observed contours, while the projection of a 3D body results in a significantly distorted image. The accessible and replicable methodology suggests that the Shroud's image is more consistent with an artistic low-relief representation than with the direct imprint of a real human body, supporting hypotheses of its origin as a medieval work of art.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 1","pages":"84-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146016349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nineteenth-Century Watercolour Reproductions of Old Masters in the Ruskin Teaching Collection, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford: Materials and Techniques of ‘Heaven-Borne’ Copyist Charles Fairfax Murray","authors":"Victoria Kemp,&nbsp;Andrew Beeby,&nbsp;Kelly Domoney,&nbsp;Daniel Bone","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents the first comprehensive analysis of the pigments and techniques used by Charles Fairfax Murray (1849–1919), a leading expert in Italian Renaissance attribution, influential art collector and primary copyist for John Ruskin. Using a multidisciplinary approach combining MA-XRF, single-point XRF and XRD, FORS and advanced imaging techniques, this research identifies the materials Murray employed while replicating works by Italian Old Masters, including Tintoretto and Botticelli, during the Italian Renaissance revival of the 19th century. This study examines eight artworks from the Ruskin Teaching Collection at the Ashmolean Museum, identifying the use of both traditional pigments, such as vermillion and red, yellow and brown ochres, and newer, industrially produced pigments including cobalt blue and Prussian blue-based greens. XRF mapping reveals localized use of chrome, zinc and cadmium-based pigments, suggesting later modifications. Created between circa 1870–1881, these works demonstrate Murray's application of traditional artistic teachings and colour theory used during the Renaissance in the scope of pigment innovations during the Industrial Revolution. Multispectral imaging and infrared reflectography reveal the preparatory underdrawings made of each work, including the use of the grid technique to ensure accuracy and proportion. This research underscores the importance of interdisciplinary scientific analysis in exploring the Victorian-era art of replication, a practice that elevated copying to a celebrated artistic pursuit. It reveals the profound influence of John Ruskin's teachings and Pre-Raphaelite ideals on Charles Fairfax Murray's material choices and artistic approach, particularly his emphasis on authenticity, fidelity to historical methods and the use of lightfast, durable materials. Furthermore, it highlights the pivotal role of the Ruskin Teaching Collection in art education and demonstrates how industrial advancements in pigment technology not only enhanced artistic production and longevity but also broadened public access to the visual language of the Italian Renaissance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 1","pages":"64-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/arcm.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146016297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micrography and XRF Techniques to Investigate Protohistoric Gold Artifacts: The Case of Roca Vecchia (Lecce, Italy)","authors":"Daniele Dell'Aquila,&nbsp;Claudio Giardino,&nbsp;David Richard Loepp,&nbsp;Giovanna Maggiulli,&nbsp;Giovanni Paternoster,&nbsp;Tiziana Zappatore","doi":"10.1111/arcm.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Protohistoric gold findings from the archaeological site of Roca Vecchia (Melendugno, Lecce, Italy) are analyzed involving micrography and stratified XRF analysis. This exploitation allows to get a deeper insight into ancient gold manufacturing and wear processes adopted in the Southern Italian FBA. The compositional data suggest that the objects were made of raw gold. From a detailed analysis of X-ray line ratios, we are able to identify artifacts with a thin, &lt; 1 μm, depletion gilding. The micrography analysis allows to establish that both gold sheets and wires are obtained by hammering techniques and presented surface finishing indicating skilled craftmanship. These sophisticated techniques allowed to manufacturing precious artifacts even in the presence of scarce quantities of raw material, fully exploiting the mechanical properties of gold.</p>","PeriodicalId":8254,"journal":{"name":"Archaeometry","volume":"68 1","pages":"51-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/arcm.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146007649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}