Erin Rosskopf, Francesco Di Gioia, Jason C Hong, Cristina Pisani, Nancy Kokalis-Burelle
{"title":"Organic Amendments for Pathogen and Nematode Control.","authors":"Erin Rosskopf, Francesco Di Gioia, Jason C Hong, Cristina Pisani, Nancy Kokalis-Burelle","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The loss of methyl bromide as a soil fumigant and minimal advances in the development and registration of new chemical fumigants has resulted in a resurgence of interest in the application of organic amendments (OAs) for soilborne plant pathogen and plant-parasitic nematode management. Significant progress has been made in the characterization of OAs, application of strategies for their use, and elucidation of mechanisms by which they suppress soilborne pests. Nonetheless, their utility is limited by the variability of disease control, expense, and the logistics of introducing them into crop production systems. Recent advances in molecular techniques have led to significant progress in the elucidation of the role of bacteria and fungi and their metabolic products on disease suppression with the addition of OAs. Biosolarization and anaerobic soil disinfestation, developed to manipulate systems and favor beneficial microorganisms to maximize their impact on plant pathogens, are built on a strong historical research foundation in OAs and the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of disease-suppressive soils. This review focuses on recent applications of OAs and their potential for the management of soilborne plant pathogens and plant-parasitic nematodes, with emphasis primarily on annual fruit and vegetable production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"277-311"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080516-035608","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38316416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Functional Ecology of Forest Disease.","authors":"Jonàs Oliva, Miguel Ángel Redondo, Jan Stenlid","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-080417-050028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080417-050028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Global change is pressing forest pathologists to solve increasingly complex problems. We argue that understanding interactive effects between forest pathogens and global warming, globalization, and land-use changes may benefit from a functional ecology mindset. Traits can be more informative about ecological functions than species inventories and may deliver a more mechanistic description of forest disease. Myriad microbes with pathogenic potential interact with forest ecosystems at different organizational levels. Elucidation of functional traits may enable the microbial complexity to be reduced into manageable categories with predictive power. In this review, we propose guidelines that allow the research community to develop a functional forest pathology approach. We suggest new angles by which functional questions can be used to resolve burning issues on tree disease. Building up functional databases for pathogenicity is key to implementing these approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"343-361"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080417-050028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37926496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samuel G Markell, Gregory L Tylka, Edwin J Anderson, H Peter van Esse
{"title":"Developing Public-Private Partnerships in Plant Pathology Extension: Case Studies and Opportunities in the United States.","authors":"Samuel G Markell, Gregory L Tylka, Edwin J Anderson, H Peter van Esse","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-030320-041359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-030320-041359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public-private partnerships (PPPs) can be an effective and advantageous way to accomplish extension and outreach objectives in plant pathology. The greatest opportunities for extension-focused PPPs may be in response to large-scale or emerging disease management concerns or in addressing complex issues that impact agriculture, such as climate change, digital technology, and public perception of science. The most fertile ground for forming PPPs is where the needs and strengths of the public and private sectors are complementary. Developing PPPs depends as much on professional relationships as on technical skills or contracts. Defining and making room for the success of all partners, identifying and addressing barriers to success, and earning and maintaining trust are components that contribute to the effectiveness of PPPs. Case studies in plant pathology demonstrate the positive impact PPPs can have on partners and stakeholders and provide guidance on the formation of PPPs in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"161-180"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-030320-041359","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38051185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Evolution and Cheating in Plant Pathogens.","authors":"Maren L Friesen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant pathogens are a critical component of the microbiome that exist as populations undergoing ecological and evolutionary processes within their host. Many aspects of virulence rely on social interactions mediated through multiple forms of public goods, including quorum-sensing signals, exoenzymes, and effectors. Virulence and disease progression involve life-history decisions that have social implications with large effects on both host and microbe fitness, such as the timing of key transitions. Considering the molecular basis of sequential stages of plant-pathogen interactions highlights many opportunities for pathogens to cheat, and there is evidence for ample variation in virulence. Case studies reveal systems where cheating has been demonstrated and others where it is likely occurring. Harnessing the social interactions of pathogens, along with leveraging novel sensing and -omics technologies to understand microbial fitness in the field, will enable us to better manage plant microbiomes in the interest of plant health.</p>","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"55-75"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012740","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38103220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Geopolitics of Plant Pathology: Frederick Wellman, Coffee Leaf Rust, and Cold War Networks of Science.","authors":"Stuart McCook, Paul D Peterson","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the Cold War, coffee became a strategically important crop in the global contest between the United States and the Soviet Union. The economies of many US allies in Latin America depended upon coffee. In the Cold War context, then, the coffee leaf rust (<i>Hemileia vastatrix</i>) became a geopolitical problem. Coffee experts in Latin America, which produced most of the world's coffee, began to prepare for an outbreak. In the 1950s, they built a global network of coffee experts. This network was sustained by US-led Cold War programs that promoted technical collaboration across the Global South, such as Harry Truman's Point Four programs. We explore the network's growth and evolution through one of its central figures, the American plant pathologist Frederick L. Wellman. This network has survived the end of the Cold War and evolved to reflect the new geopolitical context.</p>","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"181-199"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38316417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RPS5-Mediated Disease Resistance: Fundamental Insights and Translational Applications.","authors":"Sarah E Pottinger, Roger W Innes","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Focusing on the discovery and characterization of the <i>Arabidopsis</i> disease resistance protein RPS5 and its guardee PBS1, this review discusses work done in the Innes laboratory from the initial identification of the <i>RPS5</i> gene in 1995 to the recent deployment of the PBS1 decoy system in crops. This is done through discussion of the structure, function, and signaling environment of RPS5 and PBS1, highlighting collaborations and influential ideas along the way. RPS5, a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein, is activated by the proteolytic cleavage of PBS1. We have shown that the cleavage site within PBS1 can be altered to contain cleavage sites for other proteases, enabling RPS5 activation by these proteases, thereby conferring resistance to different pathogens. This decoy approach has since been translated into crop species using endogenous PBS1 orthologs and holds strong potential for GMO-free development of new genetic resistance against important crop pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"139-160"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37827999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hassani, Ezgi Özkurt, Heike Seybold, Tal Dagan, E. Stukenbrock
{"title":"Interactions and Coadaptation in Plant Metaorganisms.","authors":"M. Hassani, Ezgi Özkurt, Heike Seybold, Tal Dagan, E. Stukenbrock","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100008","url":null,"abstract":"Plants associate with a wide diversity of microorganisms. Some microorganisms engage in intimate associations with the plant host, collectively forming a metaorganism. Such close coexistence with plants requires specific adaptations that allow microorganisms to overcome plant defenses and inhabit plant tissues during growth and reproduction. New data suggest that the plant immune system has a broader role beyond pathogen recognition and also plays an important role in the community assembly of the associated microorganism. We propose that core microorganisms undergo coadaptation with their plant host, with the plant immune system allowing them to persist and propagate on their host. Microorganisms, which are vertically transmitted from generation to generation via plant seeds, putatively compose highly adapted species with plant-beneficial functions. The extent to which plant domestication has impacted the underlying genetics of plant-microbe associations remains poorly understood. We propose that the ability of domesticated plants to select and maintain advantageous microbial partners may have been affected. In this review, we discuss factors that impact plant metaorganism assembly and function. We underline the importance of microbe-microbe interactions in plant tissues, as they are still poorly studied but may have a great impact on plant health. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Phytopathology Volume 57 is August 26, 2019. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45360004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Decade Decoded: Spies and Hackers in the History of TAL Effectors Research.","authors":"Álvaro L. Pérez-Quintero, B. Szurek","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100026","url":null,"abstract":"Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) from the genus Xanthomonas are proteins with the remarkable ability to directly bind the promoters of genes in the plant host to induce their expression, which often helps bacterial colonization. Metaphorically, TALEs act as spies that infiltrate the plant disguised as high-ranking civilians (transcription factors) to trick the plant into activating weak points that allow an invasion. Current knowledge of how TALEs operate allows researchers to predict their activity (counterespionage) and exploit their function, engineering them to do our bidding (a Manchurian agent). This has been possible thanks particularly to the discovery of their DNA binding mechanism, which obeys specific amino acid-DNA correspondences (the TALE code). Here, we review the history of how researchers discovered the way these proteins work and what has changed in the ten years since the discovery of the code. Recommended music for reading this review can be found in the Supplemental Material. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Phytopathology, Volume 57 is August 26, 2019. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45659432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weiliang Zuo, B. Ökmen, J. Depotter, M. Ebert, A. Redkar, Johana Misas Villamil, G. Doehlemann
{"title":"Molecular Interactions Between Smut Fungi and Their Host Plants.","authors":"Weiliang Zuo, B. Ökmen, J. Depotter, M. Ebert, A. Redkar, Johana Misas Villamil, G. Doehlemann","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100139","url":null,"abstract":"Smut fungi are a large group of biotrophic plant pathogens that infect mostly monocot species, including economically relevant cereal crops. For years, Ustilago maydis has stood out as the model system to study the genetics and cell biology of smut fungi as well as the pathogenic development of biotrophic plant pathogens. The identification and functional characterization of secreted effectors and their role in virulence have particularly been driven forward using the U. maydis-maize pathosystem. Today, advancing tools for additional smut fungi such as Ustilago hordei and Sporisorium reilianum, as well as an increasing number of available genome sequences, provide excellent opportunities to investigate in parallel the effector function and evolution associated with different lifestyles and host specificities. In addition, genome analyses revealed similarities in the genomic signature between pathogenic smuts and epiphytic Pseudozyma species. This review elaborates on how knowledge about fungal lifestyles, genome biology, and functional effector biology helps in understanding the biology of this important group of fungal pathogens. We highlight the contribution of the U. maydis model system but also discuss the differences from other smut fungi, which raises the importance of comparative genomic and genetic analyses in future research. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Phytopathology Volume 57 is August 26, 2019. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100139","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42459851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Wilkinson, M. Mageroy, A. L. Sánchez, A. L. Sánchez, Lisa M. Smith, L. Furci, T. A. Cotton, P. Krokene, J. Ton
{"title":"Surviving in a Hostile World: Plant Strategies to Resist Pests and Diseases.","authors":"S. Wilkinson, M. Mageroy, A. L. Sánchez, A. L. Sánchez, Lisa M. Smith, L. Furci, T. A. Cotton, P. Krokene, J. Ton","doi":"10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-095959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-095959","url":null,"abstract":"As primary producers, plants are under constant pressure to defend themselves against potentially deadly pathogens and herbivores. In this review, we describe short- and long-term strategies that enable plants to cope with these stresses. Apart from internal immunological strategies that involve physiological and (epi)genetic modifications at the cellular level, plants also employ external strategies that rely on recruitment of beneficial organisms. We discuss these strategies along a gradient of increasing timescales, ranging from rapid immune responses that are initiated within seconds to (epi)genetic adaptations that occur over multiple plant generations. We cover the latest insights into the mechanistic and evolutionary underpinnings of these strategies and present explanatory models. Finally, we discuss how knowledge from short-lived model species can be translated to economically and ecologically important perennials to exploit adaptive plant strategies and mitigate future impacts of pests and diseases in an increasingly interconnected and changing world.","PeriodicalId":8251,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of phytopathology","volume":"57 1","pages":"505-529"},"PeriodicalIF":10.2,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-095959","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46833470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}