Annals of Physics最新文献_第4页

The manifestly gauge-invariant spectrum of the minimal supersymmetric standard model 最小超对称标准模型的明显规范不变谱

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理

Annals of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.170050

Axel Maas, Philipp Schreiner

引用次数: 0

Direct characterization of arbitrary qubit systems without auxiliary states

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理

Annals of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.170082

Zhiyuan Wang , Zijing Zhang

{"title":"Direct characterization of arbitrary qubit systems without auxiliary states","authors":"Zhiyuan Wang , Zijing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Characterization of unknown quantum measurements and quantum states are important tasks in quantum information processing. However, traditional quantum tomography cannot measure arbitrary matrix elements of measurement operators and state density matrices because it requires a global reconstruction algorithm. The direct characterization scheme obtains specific matrix elements without using a global reconstruction algorithm; hence, the scheme has received attention from various researchers. Previous studies have described that direct measurement schemes are based on weak measurements and require the introduction of additional auxiliary states and weak-coupling approximation, which increases the complexity of the practical experimentation and reduces the measurement precision. In this study, we propose a circuit scheme for the direct characterization of positive-operator-valued measure without auxiliary states. In addition, the scheme is suitable for direct measurements of general quantum states. Next, when considering that qubit resources are insufficient, we introduce a coherent superposition state that improves the measurement efficiency in such a case. Finally, we also propose a quantum non-demolition measurement scheme for general quantum states based on the circuit scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"479 ","pages":"Article 170082"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of quintessence dark energy on anisotropic stellar models for Tolman IV metric in Rastall gravity 典型暗能量对Rastall引力中Tolman IV度量的各向异性恒星模型的影响

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理

Annals of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.170041

Arfa Waseem , T. Chudhary , Faisal Javed , Ertan Güdekli , Bander Almutairi

{"title":"Impact of quintessence dark energy on anisotropic stellar models for Tolman IV metric in Rastall gravity","authors":"Arfa Waseem , T. Chudhary , Faisal Javed , Ertan Güdekli , Bander Almutairi","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One possible tactic to stop compact things from gravitationally collapsing into singularities is dark energy. It has the most effect on the universe since it is the reason behind our universe’s accelerated expansion. Thus, it is conceivable that any compact star object in the universe will interact with dark energy. This manuscript deals with the consequences of quintessence dark energy on the structural attributes of anisotropic compact stellar objects in the scenario of non-conservative gravitational theory. In order to evaluate the field equations of non-conservative theory, Tolman IV metric ansatz is employed coupled with a quintessence dark energy identified by a factor <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> possessing <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo><</mo><msub><mrow><mi>ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>q</mi></mrow></msub><mo><</mo><mo>−</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></mfrac></mrow></math></span>. Utilizing the matching conditions with observed choices of masses and radii of some specific compact star representatives such as PSR J1614-2230, Vela X-1, Her X-1 and Cen X-3, we compute the unknown Tolman IV parameters. Graphically a detailed analysis of the physical properties is provided, including the energy density, quintessence density, pressure components, and stability. Additionally, the matter variables’ radially symmetric profiles are presented. Through the analysis of all these physical aspects, it is demonstrated that the anisotropic compact models are viable and well-stabilized in the Rastall gravity regime with the Tolman IV ansatz. The comparative research also shows that our model is better in line with observational results than the general relativity results for a few choices of the Rastall dimensionless parameter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"479 ","pages":"Article 170041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Observable measurement-induced transitions 可观察到的测量引起的跃迁

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理

Annals of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.170047

Aleksei Khindanov , Igor L. Aleiner , Lara Faoro , Lev B. Ioffe

{"title":"Observable measurement-induced transitions","authors":"Aleksei Khindanov , Igor L. Aleiner , Lara Faoro , Lev B. Ioffe","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the main postulates of quantum mechanics is that measurements destroy quantum coherence (wave function collapse). Recently it was discovered that in a many-body system dilute local measurements still preserve some coherence across the entire system. As the measurement density is increased, a phase transition occurs that is characterized by the disentanglement of different parts of the system. Unfortunately, this transition is impossible to observe experimentally for macroscopic systems because it requires an exponentially costly full tomography of the many-body wave function or a comparison with the simulation on an oracle classical computer. In this work we report the discovery of another measurement-induced phase transition that can be observed experimentally if quantum dynamics can be reversed. On one side of this phase transition the quantum information encoded in some part of the Hilbert space is fully recovered after the time inversion. On the other side, all quantum information is corrupted. This transition also manifests itself as the change in the behavior of the probability to observe the same measurement outcome in the process that consists of identical blocks repeated many times. In each block the unitary evolution is followed by the measurement. On one side of the transition the probability decreases exponentially with the number of repetitions, on the other it tends to a constant as the number of repetitions is increased. We confirm the existence of the proposed phase transition through numerical simulations of realistic quantum circuits and analytical calculations using an effective random-matrix theory model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"479 ","pages":"Article 170047"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phase-space approach to cavity field dynamics in a squeezed thermal reservoir 挤压热储层空腔场动力学的相空间方法

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理

Annals of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.170055

E.P. Mattos, A. Vidiella-Barranco

引用次数: 0

Elementary atoms in spaces of constant curvature by the Nikiforov–Uvarov method 用Nikiforov-Uvarov方法研究常曲率空间中的基本原子

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理

Annals of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.170066

Abdaljalel E. Alizzi , Alina E. Sagaydak , Zurab K. Silagadze

引用次数: 0

Chronology Protection Conjecture in the Kerr–Newman black hole spacetime Kerr-Newman黑洞时空中的时序保护猜想

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理

Annals of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.170051

David Senjaya

{"title":"Chronology Protection Conjecture in the Kerr–Newman black hole spacetime","authors":"David Senjaya","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we investigate the dynamics of relativistic quantum scalar fields inside the inner horizon of the 3+1 dimensional subextremal Kerr–Newman black hole, where closed timelike curves (CTCs) exist. We start by constructing the governing Klein–Gordon equation in the black hole background and present the derivation to obtain analytical exact solutions in detail. Thanks to the recent developments of the Heun-family special functions, we can express the exact Klein–Gordon’s radial solutions in terms of the Confluent Heun functions. The scalar fields’ relativistic energy quantization is then obtained from the Confluent Heun function’s polynomial condition. The complex eigenenergies with positive real part, in the region inside the inner horizon of the charged rotating black hole, are found to have a positive imaginary part, describing states that grow in time. It turns out that the revealed phenomena of instabilities follow Hawking’s prediction, known as the Chronology Protection Conjecture (CPC), i.e., fields of particles entering the aforementioned region will experience blue-shifting. In this work, it is for the first time that an exact investigation is carried out to examine Hawking’s Chronology Protection Conjecture (CPC) by investigating the exact eigensolutions of the Klein–Gordon equation in the region inside the inner horizon of a subextremal Kerr–Newman black hole.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"479 ","pages":"Article 170051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transmission through rectangular potentials in semimetals featuring quadratic dispersion 具有二次色散的半金属中通过矩形电位的传输

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理

Annals of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.170053

Ipsita Mandal

引用次数: 0

Dynamic Moiré-like pattern in non-Hermitian Wannier–Stark ladder system 非厄米wanner - stark梯系的动态moir<s:1>样图案

IF 3 3区物理与天体物理

Annals of Physics Pub Date : 2025-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aop.2025.170049

H.P. Zhang, Z. Song

引用次数: 0

Investigation of the spin dynamics of quantum spin dimers with Dzyaloshinsky–Moriya interaction Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya相互作用下量子自旋二聚体的自旋动力学研究