Annals of Physics最新文献

{"title":"Path integral formalism for quantum open systems","authors":"Ruofan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article provides a detailed derivation of the path integral formalism for both boson and fermion quantum open systems using coherent states. The formalism on the imaginary-time axis, Keldysh contour, and Kadanoff contour are given. The corresponding generating functional technique, which can be used to retrieve the environment information from the system correlation function, is also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170083"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of rotation on the thermo-magnetic properties of a quantum dot","authors":"Luís Fernando C. Pereira,&nbsp;Edilberto O. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, we investigate the effects of rotation on the physical properties of a quantum dot described by a radial potential. The interplay between rotation and confinement is analyzed by solving the Schrödinger equation for the system, yielding energy levels and wavefunctions as functions of angular velocity. We compute key thermo-magnetic properties, including the density of states, magnetization, entropy, and heat capacity. Our results demonstrate that rotation induces significant modifications to the energy spectrum, removing degeneracies and generating oscillatory behaviors in magnetization akin to de Haas-van Alphen and Aharonov–Bohm-type oscillations. Furthermore, we observe an effect analogous to the magnetocaloric effect, where an increase in angular velocity leads to a decrease in temperature during adiabatic processes. These results reveal the potential of rotational effects to influence quantum systems and provide insights for future studies in mesoscopic physics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170098"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A renormalizable model of quantized gravitational and matter fields","authors":"D.G.C. McKeon ,&nbsp;F.T. Brandt ,&nbsp;J. Frenkel ,&nbsp;S. Martins-Filho","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A Lagrange multiplier field can be used to restrict radiative corrections to the Einstein–Hilbert action to one-loop order. This result is employed to show that it is possible to couple a scalar field to the metric (graviton) field in such a way that the model is both renormalizable and unitary. The usual Einstein equations of motion for the gravitational field are recovered, perturbatively, in the classical limit. By evaluating the generating functional of proper Green’s functions in closed form, one obtains a novel analytic contribution to the effective action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Darwinian Quantum Gravity dynamics of small particles","authors":"Nicolas Lori","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170100","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;In Darwinian Quantum Gravity (DQG), a.k.a. Physics-Cell (PC) approach, the Standard Model of Physics (SMP) occurs through a Quantum Field (QF) array &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ψ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; of all SMP QFs within a 3D time-free medium, with &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ψ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; alterations being emitted and received at PCs, which are assumed to have a spherical format, by the emission and transmission of two types of QFs between PCs: QF array &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ψ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and QF scalar &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ψ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. The &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ψ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; are sent from the PCs based on the rules of the SMP calculated within the PCs, thus requiring that each PC processes the information required for a 4-vertices Feynman diagram of the SMP plus General Relativity (GR); whereas the &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ψ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; is associated to the communication of the correction necessary to cancel the effects of the PC time-step size &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, with the energy density of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;δ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ψ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; being found to be equal to the dark energy’s density which is equal to the cosmological constant &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Λ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. In PC approach, gravity occurs not through a QF but by synchronicity of QF quanta incoming onto a PC with quanta of the same QF outgoing from that PC, with the photon QF generating most of the symmetric aspect of the metric tensor and the neutrino QF generating most of the antisymmetric aspect of the metric tensor. The consequences of the PC approach are that QF decoherence is caused by reaching a pure-state maximum energy of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;π&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mfrac&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;ħ&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, as any pure-state wavelength must be larger than &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;t&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and so there is no physical meaning for scales below. Therefore, there are no quantum effects beyond GR for masses above &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mfrac&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. Thus, the quantum aspects of gravity occur only for very small masses, and such effects are described here. In the PC approach, there is no physical meaning to scales below &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;P&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and the","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virial theorem from action principles","authors":"Pattarapon Tanalikhit","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The virial theorem is derived from the action principle and variational method in classical and quantum mechanics by exploiting the scale invariance of the action and the Hamiltonian operator. Alternative approaches like the matrix mechanics, the Schrödinger equation, and the Hellmann–Feynman theorem are mentioned. The unifying role of scale invariance and action principle in these frameworks is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170099"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144243155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resonances and continued-fraction Green’s functions in non-Hermitian Bose–Hubbard-like quantum models","authors":"Miloslav Znojil","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With resonances treated as eigenstates of a non-Hermitian quantum Hamiltonian <span><math><mi>H</mi></math></span>, the task of localization of the complex energy eigenvalues of <span><math><mi>H</mi></math></span> is considered. The paper is devoted to its reduced version in which one only computes the real quantities called singular values of <span><math><mi>H</mi></math></span>. It is shown that in such an approach (and under suitable constraints including the tridiagonality of <span><math><mi>H</mi></math></span>) the singular values can be sought as poles of a “Hermitized” Green’s function expressible in terms of a doublet of matrix continued fractions. A family of multi-bosonic Bose–Hubbard-like complex Hamiltonians is recalled for illustration purposes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four-parametric generalization of the second Demkov-Kunike two-state model","authors":"M.K. Margaryan,&nbsp;A.M. Ghazaryan,&nbsp;A.M. Ishkhanyan","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We introduce a new time-dependent level-crossing model that describes a quantum two-state system subjected to a constant-amplitude laser field. In this configuration, which presents a four-parametric generalization of the three-parametric second Demkov-Kunike level-crossing model, the frequency detuning changes within a finite range and the resonance crossing generally occurs asymmetrically in time with respect to the crossing point. The general solution to this problem can be written as a linear combination with arbitrary constant coefficients of two independent generalized hypergeometric functions of Clausen, each of which can be presented as a linear combination of two ordinary hypergeometric functions. We analyze the asymptotes of the solution in terms of the quasi-energies and compute the final transition probability for the scenario where the system starts in the first quasi-energy state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase-space analysis of an anisotropic universe in f(Q,C) gravity","authors":"Ghulam Murtaza ,&nbsp;Avik De ,&nbsp;Tee-How Loo ,&nbsp;Yong Kheng Goh ,&nbsp;How Hui Liew","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we analyze the anisotropic universe in <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity theory. To achieve this, we consider three specific models of <span><math><mrow><mi>f</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>Q</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gravity and rewrite the equations of motion of each model as an autonomous system. We identify and analyze the critical points, examine their stability, and plot phase portraits to illustrate the behavior of each critical point. The evolution of key parameters, including the equation of state (EoS) parameter <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>w</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>e</mi><mi>f</mi><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, the deceleration parameter <span><math><mi>q</mi></math></span>, and the standard density parameters <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>Ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, is thoroughly investigated. The anisotropic dynamical variable exhibits decelerated behavior, consistent with the early universe, while the others demonstrate accelerated behavior, aligned with late-time observations across all models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170086"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermion-vortex interactions in axion electrodynamics","authors":"Saurav Kantha ,&nbsp;Amitabha Lahiri","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A relativistic action for scalar condensate-fermion mixture is considered where both the scalar boson and the fermion fields are coupled to a <span><math><mrow><mi>U</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> gauge field. The dynamics of the gauge field is governed by a linear combination of the Maxwell term, and the Lorentz invariant <span><math><mi>E⋅B</mi></math></span> term with a constant coefficient <span><math><mi>θ</mi></math></span>. We obtain an effective action describing an emergent fermion–fermion interaction and fermion–vortex tube interaction by using the particle-string duality, and find that the <span><math><mi>θ</mi></math></span> term can significantly affect the interaction of fermions and vortices. We also perform a dimensional reduction to show a <span><math><mi>θ</mi></math></span> dependent flux attachment to the itinerant fermions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170085"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imprints of torsion-like Rastall theory in the construction of wormholes exhibiting conformal motion","authors":"Saira Waheed ,&nbsp;Rabia Saleem ,&nbsp;M. Israr Aslam ,&nbsp;Jitendra Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aop.2025.170078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In current study, we are looking into the possibility of wormhole construction by involving conformal killing vectors in torsion-like Rastall gravity. To meet this goal, a wormhole geometry with static and spherically symmetric features is taken into account where the ordinary matter exhibits anisotropic nature. For obtaining exact wormhole functions, we consider four recently proposed dark matter density models namely Navarro–Frenk–White dark matter density, universal rotation curve dark matter density model, scalar field dark matter model, and pseudo isothermal dark matter profile. A comprehensive graphical analysis of different parameters is then performed for revealing the physical significance of developed wormhole solutions. In this respect, we explore behavior of wormhole shape model, validity of null energy bounds, EoS parameters, volume integral quantifier, exoticity and anisotropic parameters in each case for different Rastall parameter’s variations. Further, stability of these solutions is demonstrated through graphical analysis of TOV forces as well as adiabatic index. It is seen that all wormhole models exhibit valid behavior but do not satisfy the asymptotic flatness property. It is seen that stability of these solutions can be achieved for certain <span><math><mi>ϵ</mi></math></span> choices with large <span><math><mi>r</mi></math></span> values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8249,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Physics","volume":"480 ","pages":"Article 170078"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}