Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry最新文献

{"title":"A comprehensive chromatographic method for sequential separation of Pb, Rb, Sr, Nd, Sm, Lu, U, and Hf for high-precision isotope analysis of micro-sized silicate samples†","authors":"Zhu-Yin Chu, Yue-Heng Yang, Hong-Gang Zhu, Xu-Li Yang, Chao-Feng Li and Peng Peng","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00156K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00156K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Lunar basaltic materials, including samples returned by space missions and meteorites, represent the most precious and scarce materials for deciphering the origin and evolution of the Moon. To fully exploit these limited samples, this study presents a comprehensive protocol for the sequential separation of Pb, Rb, Sr, Nd, Sm, Lu, U, and Hf from micro-amounts of lunar basaltic and other compositionally similar precious samples, optimized for high-precision multi-isotopic analysis. Pb is first isolated from the sample matrix using well-developed HBr–HCl based anion-exchange chromatography, minimizing terrestrial contamination. A miniaturized cation-exchange column is then used to separate Rb and a fraction containing Ca, Sr, Ba, and REEs from the sample matrix. Subsequently, an Sr-specific resin column is employed to isolate Sr and Ba from Ca and REEs. Next, a home-made HEHEHP-based column is utilized for efficient isolation of Nd, Sm, and Lu from the Ca–REE mixture. A TODGA resin column is then used to further remove Pr from Nd. Finally, another TODGA column is applied to sequentially isolate U and Hf from matrix elements, with complete Lu and Yb removal from the Hf fraction. The procedure has been validated through isotopic analysis of the reference materials USGS BHVO-2 and BCR-2, using TIMS and MC-ICP-MS techniques. This method offers a robust protocol for acquiring U–Pb, Rb–Sr, Sm–Nd, and Lu–Hf isotopic data from micro-amounts (<em>e.g.</em>, &lt; 5 mg) of lunar basaltic samples. Moreover, it allows for the preservation of Ca, Ba, and a fraction containing major matrix elements such as Fe, Mg, Cr, Ti, and K, for potential further analysis of metal stable isotopes. While this method was initially developed to support comprehensive isotope analyses of lunar return samples, its design is broadly applicable to other small amounts of compositionally similar silicate materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2373-2384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry","authors":"Christine Vanhoof, Alan Cross, Ursula E. A. Fittschen and Laszlo Vincze","doi":"10.1039/D5JA90030A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA90030A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This review of 89 references covers advances in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and its special applications, published from April 2024 to March 2025 inclusive. It provides critical insights into developments in instrumentation, methodologies and data handling, representing significant progress in XRF spectrometry. Applications of cultural heritage are also covered. Highlights of this review period include notable research findings. A method was developed to overcome self-absorption effects in confocal XRF spectrometry, enabling quantitative and distortion-free 3D elemental analysis by combining sample density information from μCT with mass attenuation coefficients from absorption measurements. Additionally, compositional data from fundamental parameter quantification of reference-free XRF spectrometry for ‘dark matrix’ elements like C, N and O in the soft X-ray region were incorporated. Using SR-XRF spectrometry, quantitative nano-characterisation of ion beam-implanted samples, particularly focusing on Ga dopants in silicon, was achieved. This method detected a minimum of 3000 Ga atoms per pixel with a 1 s integration (171 nm<small>²</small> spot) and 650 Ga atoms with a 25 s integration, corresponding to LODs of 18 impurities per nm<small>²</small> and 3.8 impurities per nm<small>²</small>, respectively. The determination of elemental profiles in size-segregated airborne particulates with high time-dependent resolution (in &lt;1 h) made significant progress with the development of an impactor specifically designed for TXRF spectrometry. A laboratory scanning-free GEXRF spectrometry setup featuring off-the-shelf equipment such as a Cr X-ray tube and a CMOS detector, showed remarkable results, providing measurements close to those obtained from SR facilities, such as the line height of Ti-oxide nanostructures (58 nm) and HfO<small>₂</small> thicknesses (2.3 nm). We can expect a considerable increase of research in this area in the future. This year, reviews were published highlighting the advancements and applications of hand-held XRF spectrometry techniques over time, specifically for measuring bone lead and for determining the elemental composition of food samples. A comprehensive review provided an overview of synchrotron applications for cultural heritage over the past decade.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2275-2289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of laser-ablated molybdenum plasma in vacuum: a novel spectral matching algorithm based on Saha–Boltzmann equilibrium for ne and Te determination in fusion wall diagnostics","authors":"Xiaohan Hu, Huace Wu, Ding Wu, Xinyue Wang, Shiming Liu, Ke Xu, Ran Hai, Cong Li, Chunlei Feng and Hongbin Ding","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00157A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00157A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Understanding the spatio-temporal evolution of plasma parameters is critical for advancing the accuracy of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) in fusion reactor wall diagnostics. This study investigates the electron temperature (<em>T</em><small>_e</small>) and electron density (<em>n</em><small>_e</small>) dynamics of molybdenum (Mo) plasma—a key plasma-facing material in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST)—generated by a nanosecond pulsed laser (6.0 GW cm<small>⁻²</small>) under vacuum (3 × 10<small>⁻⁵</small> mbar). By integrating spatially resolved optical emission spectroscopy with fast ICCD imaging, we resolve the temporal scales of continuum radiation (5–60 ns), ionic lines (50–300 ns), and atomic lines (80–800 ns), revealing distinct spatial expansion profiles (up to 10 mm for neutral species). To overcome limitations of traditional Stark broadening methods (<em>e.g.</em>, spectral overlap, missing electron collision parameters), we propose a spectral matching algorithm (SMA) based on Saha ionization equilibrium and Boltzmann distribution under local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE). This method simplifies the calculation process of plasma parameters and achieves high correlation coefficients (&gt;0.9) between simulated and experimental spectra. The results present a rapid cooling and decay behaviour of <em>T</em><small>_e</small> (from 4.0 eV to 0.66 eV) and <em>n</em><small>_e</small> (from 1.63 × 10<small>²⁶</small> m<small>⁻³</small> to 8.53 × 10<small>²¹</small> m<small>⁻³</small>) within the time window of 50 ns to 310 ns in Mo plasma under present experimental conditions, driven by adiabatic expansion and three-body recombination. The spatial heterogeneity of <em>T</em><small>_e</small> and <em>n</em><small>_e</small> highlights non-equilibrium plasma behaviour. This work presents a method for plasma parameter (<em>T</em><small>_e</small> and <em>n</em><small>_e</small>) determination in calibration-free LIBS (CF-LIBS) applications for tokamak wall diagnostics, while simultaneously providing direct empirical validation data for laser ablation plasma dynamics simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 9","pages":" 2362-2372"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online collection of LC effluent as droplets for automatic injection into ICP-MS†","authors":"Nick H. Erfurth, Matthew M. Jones, Cortney M. Pincock and Emily M. Hoadley","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00137D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00137D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A sample introduction technique was developed to allow for online, dropwise injection of effluent into a mass spectrometer (MS). This allowed for the coupling of chromatography systems that were not driven by pumps without altering the set-up or separation performance. This capability combined the benefits of coupling separation and measurement while also enabling accurate chromatographic evaluation that would generally be performed offline. The incorporation of a flowing rinse into the system made dropwise resolution possible for any liquid capable of forming drops under ambient conditions. The technique was demonstrated utilizing gas pressurized extraction chromatography (GPEC) and inductively coupled plasma-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ICP-TOFMS) to illustrate the qualitative applications for rapid separation development and procedure evaluation. This method's quantitative applications were evaluated using single and double isotope dilution mass spectrometry (IDMS) with an external mass bias correction to measure analytes across entire elutions including volumes as small as single drops. The total neodymium values afforded by both single and double IDMS were within the uncertainty of the calculated value for evaluation of full elution peaks and for most of the single drops analyzed that reached above 10k cps Nd-144.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2243-2250"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High precision analysis of mercury isotopes at ultra-low concentrations using dry cold vapor generation-MC-ICP-MS†","authors":"Jiaxin Sun, Yaqiu Zhao, Bridget A. Bergquist, Pengfei Li, Ruoyu Sun, Yi Liu, Jiubin Chen and Wang Zheng","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00220F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00220F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >High-precision analysis of mercury (Hg) isotope compositions is fundamental for tracing the Hg cycle in the environment. However, accurate and precise Hg isotope analysis for samples with low Hg concentrations (sub-ppb level) remains one of the most prominent challenges in the analysis and application of Hg isotopes. In this study, we developed a new method for high-precision Hg isotope analysis using a dry cold vapor generation (dry-CVG) system coupled to MC-ICP-MS. The dry-CVG system removed water content from the Hg(0) cold vapor and thus significantly inhibited the formation of oxides and hydrides, providing better signal intensity, stability and precision for Hg isotope analysis. Under optimized conditions, the analytical uncertainties were ±0.07‰ and ±0.06‰ (2SD) for δ<small>²⁰²</small>Hg and Δ<small>¹⁹⁹</small>Hg, respectively at a concentration of 0.1 ng mL<small>⁻¹</small> (0.75 ng Hg consumption), which is comparable to the typical precision reported in the literature but obtained at 10-fold higher Hg concentrations. Moreover, our method substantially improved the precision for Hg isotope analysis at higher concentrations (≥2.0 ng mL<small>⁻¹</small>), reaching ±0.02‰ and ±0.01‰ (2SD) for δ<small>²⁰²</small>Hg and Δ<small>¹⁹⁹</small>Hg, respectively. The accuracy and precision of this method were further verified using a variety of certified reference materials with different types of natural matrices (including plant, soil and sediment). Thus, our method provides a promising approach for accurate Hg isotope analysis at low concentrations with high precision, and may expand the future application of Hg isotopes in geochemical and environmental studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2251-2260"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ measurement of sulfur isotope ratios in sulfide samples with LA-ICP-MS/MS using N2O and He reaction gas†","authors":"Estida Eensoo, Päärn Paiste, Kärt Paiste, David A. Fike and Jennifer L. Houghton","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00166H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00166H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Sulfur isotope signatures (<em>δ</em><small>³⁴</small>S) in sulfide minerals such as pyrite and pyrrhotite may reflect the specific geological conditions at their genesis. Understanding the <em>δ</em><small>³⁴</small>S variability can help track (bio)–geochemical processes, from ore formation to finding evidence of early life. However, as sulfide mineral growth can occur at various stages of rock history, traditional bulk S isotope analysis can incorporate mixed geochemical signals generated by unrelated processes. <em>In situ</em> analytical techniques can be used to investigate compositional changes in <em>δ</em><small>³⁴</small>S caused by early environmental or secondary processes. In this study, we aim to characterize <em>δ</em><small>³⁴</small>S variability in pyrite and pyrrhotite using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS/MS) while introducing a mixture of N<small>₂</small>O and He in the reaction chamber to remove polyatomic interferences at <em>m</em>/<em>z</em> = 32 and <em>m</em>/<em>z</em> = 34. Alongside tuning the respective laser and ICP parameters, we employ a self-developed signal-smoothing device consisting of coiled thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) tubing and a cyclonic spray chamber to achieve better signal stability. In this way, we propose a new, fast, <em>in situ</em> screening approach for measuring the <em>δ</em><small>³⁴</small>S of sulfides.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2126-2137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/ja/d5ja00166h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of spectral broadening in laser atomic absorption spectroscopy","authors":"Erfan Chenshen, Juntao Tan, Bin Wang, Erlong Jiang, Nan Zhao, Shaofeng Zheng, Zeren Luo, Jiaming Li and Qingmao Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00058K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00058K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Laser atomic absorption spectroscopy (LAAS) has played a significant role in various fields such as nuclear forensics, chemical detection, medical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and various industrial sectors, leveraging its unique advantages. However, spectral broadening phenomena significantly impact the accuracy and precision of LAAS measurements. This critical review examines spectral broadening and its implications for LAAS, incorporating recent advances in ultrafast diagnostics, extreme plasma conditions, and data-driven modeling. The convolution of various broadening mechanisms results in the final profile of spectral lines, among which Doppler, Stark, and pressure broadening are the primary sources in LAAS. Though spectral broadenings generally introduce measurement errors, they also provide crucial information about plasma characteristics. The review concludes with future perspectives, highlighting emerging technologies including artificial intelligence and novel suppression strategies that promise to enhance LAAS capabilities beyond current limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 1902-1915"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AutoSpect: an all-in-one software solution for automated processing of LA-ICP-TOF-MS datasets†","authors":"Andrew M. Crawford, David Z. Zee, Qiaoling Jin, Aaron Sue, Niharika Sinha, Soo Hyun Ahn, Thomas V. O'Halloran and Keith W. MacRenaris","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00145E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5JA00145E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >LA-ICP-TOF-MS provides rapid, high resolution elemental analysis of biological and non-biological samples. However, accurate real-time data analysis frequently requires the user to account for several instrumental and experimental variables that can change during data acquisition. AutoSpect is a novel software tool designed to automate the processing and fitting of LA-ICP-TOF-MS data, addressing key challenges such as time-dependent spectral drift, instrument sensitivity drift, calibration inaccuracies, and peak deconvolution, enabling researchers to rapidly and accurately process complex datasets. The tool is optimized to be robustly applicable across scientific fields (<em>e.g.</em>, geochemistry, biology, and materials science), providing a streamlined solution for end users seeking to maximize the potential of LA-ICP-TOF-MS for high-resolution elemental mapping and isotopic analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2162-2178"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the sensitivity difference of gaseous and particulate carbon in two-phase sample transport in LA-ICP-MS†","authors":"Lukas Brunnbauer, David Ken Gibbs, Detlef Günther and Andreas Limbeck","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00172B","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D5JA00172B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >LA-ICP-MS is a widely used analytical technique for elemental analysis of different solid samples, including carbon-based samples. To compensate for matrix-effects and instrumental drifts during analysis, application of an internal standard is recommended. For carbon-based samples, the application of carbon as an internal standard seems reasonable but is typically not recommended due to the so-called two-phase sample transport where ablated carbon is transported both as particulate and gaseous species. The quantitative deviations in the sensitivity of particulate and gaseous carbon have not been accessible so far but would provide useful insights into the application of carbon as an internal standard. More precisely, if similar sensitivity for particulate and gaseous carbon species is found, application as an internal standard would not be restricted. To investigate this, we analyze the two-phase sample transport of carbon upon ablation of 5 different polymers, which all form different ratios of particulate and gaseous carbon species. Amongst the studied materials, it has been observed that 2 samples provide almost exclusive formation of a gas phase. Correlating these observed signals for selected polymers with the ablated mass of carbon allows us to calculate the sensitivity of gaseous carbon species as 13.8 cts per pg. Using a mass balance approach, we estimated the sensitivity of particulate carbon for the 3 other polymers, where we find significant differences in sensitivity ranging from 1.69 cts per pg to 14.06 cts per pg. This indicates that the sensitivity for particulate carbon species is highly dependent on the sample matrix, resulting in sensitivity differences up to a factor of 7. All in all, the findings of this study support the results of carbon being an inadequate choice for an internal standard in LA-ICP-MS.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2179-2186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12243101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144625029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precise isotope determination of sub-microgram Mg by the critical mixture double spike technique and its application to fluid inclusions in halite†","authors":"Yang Wang, Weijuan Yang, Shan Ke, Yongsheng He and Qishun Fan","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00174A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00174A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >With only three isotopes, Mg isotopic measurements have been routinely performed using the sample-standard-bracketing (SSB) method. When using SSB to correct mass bias, δ<small>²⁶</small>Mg becomes negatively biased with decreasing sample loading mass, which hinders the application of Mg isotopes to fluid inclusions in halite due to their low Mg concentration and extremely high Na/Mg ratio. In this study, we used 0.5 mol per L HNO<small>₃</small> and AG50W-X8 resin to separate Mg from Na. Even when the initial Na/Mg ratio of samples is as high as 5000, Na can be efficiently removed with almost 100% Mg recovery. This process is accomplished within 5 hours. The residual matrix can be removed using procedures modified from Li <em>et al.</em> (2016). To ensure optimal performance of the separation protocol, reducing the sample loading size is the most straightforward approach. Critical mixture double spike (CMDS) technique enables accurate and precise Mg isotope measurements with reduced sample size, as indicated by near-zero Δ<small>²⁶</small>Mg<small>_{measured-recommended}</small> values for GSP-2, BHVO-2 and high-Na/Mg synthetic solutions at 0.9–5.8 μg of Mg loading. Minimum Mg mass loaded onto the column can reach 0.9 μg, which is 11–22 times lower than the amount (typically 10–20 μg) required for accurate SSB measurements. The precision and accuracy of δ<small>²⁶</small>Mg are better than 0.05% for the established procedures at sub-μg Mg loading. Finally, this method is applied to halite from core ISL1A in the Qarhan Salt Lake, which shows highly variable δ<small>²⁶</small>Mg ranging from −0.663% to −1.222%. Negative fluctuation of these halite δ<small>²⁶</small>Mg values may reflect either water recharge during wetter climatic condition or the precipitation of Mg-bearing minerals (<em>e.g.</em>, carnallite) during the evaporation process, validating the potential of Mg isotopes in tracing the evolution of paleolake water.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2197-2206"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}