Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic value of haemodynamic and neurophysiological assessments in newborns with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy undergoing whole-body therapeutic hypothermia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of short-term outcomes.","authors":"Mona Noureldein, Vincent So, Lamia Hayawi, Ayman Saker, Laurent Renesme, Anne Tsampalieros, Nadya Ben Fadel","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2025-329322","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2025-329322","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":"F530-F539"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Consideration of centre effects in BPD risk prediction.","authors":"Timothy D Nelin, Erik A Jensen","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-330396","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-330396","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":"F488-F489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148216066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late-onset sepsis and neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 5 among children born very preterm: the EPIPAGE-2 cohort study.","authors":"Virginia Leao, Laurence Foix-L'Hélias, Laetitia Marchand-Martin, Fanny Salmon, Véronique Pierrat, Adrien M Aubert, Valérie Benhammou, Monique Kaminski, Gilles Kayem, Elsa Lorthe, Mathilde Letouzey","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-330527","DOIUrl":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-330527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":"F567-F574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early-onset sepsis, antibiotic stewardship and bedside vigilance: why implementation data matter more than algorithms alone.","authors":"Sujoy Banerjee, Megha Jagga","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-331312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2026-331312","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rising tide of preterm low-grade intraventricular haemorrhage: cause for concern?","authors":"Kathryn A Martinello, Tara M Crawford","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-331355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2026-331355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body composition at school age after very preterm birth: a cohort study.","authors":"Johanna Catharina Brückner, Axel R Franz, Annkathrin Gies, Vadim Förster, Saskia Koller, Gerhard Binder, Christian F Poets, Mirja Quante, Cornelia Wiechers","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-330434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2026-330434","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149134583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between prophylactic hydrocortisone and focal intestinal perforations in preterm infants born before 28 weeks gestation: an observational propensity matched population study in England and Wales.","authors":"Alice Sara Aveline, Alex Bottle, Anna Milan, Mireille Toledano, Sabita N Uthaya, Chris Gale, Cheryl Battersby","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-330846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2026-330846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the association between prophylactic hydrocortisone, given to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and the risk of focal intestinal perforation (FIP) in preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study using routinely-collected data from infants born between 2016 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>All English and Welsh neonatal units.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>15 746 infants born at less than 28 weeks gestation and admitted to a neonatal unit. Infants were matched (exposed vs unexposed) using a propensity score comprising 17 variables.</p><p><strong>Exposure: </strong>Exposed infants received hydrocortisone for at least eight consecutive days beginning on postnatal day one or two. Unexposed infants did not receive hydrocortisone in line with this definition.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Primary outcome was FIP. Secondary outcomes included mortality, survival without FIP, bronchopulmonary dysplasia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>6.3% (999/15 746) infants were exposed to early hydrocortisone and 4.6% (722/15 746) had FIP. 2815 infants (988 exposed and 1827 unexposed) were included in the matched analysis; 47% girls, median gestational age of 26.0 weeks (IQR 24.6-26.9) and median birth weight of 815 g (IQR 674-965). There was no significant difference in risk of FIP (4.9% (48/988) exposed vs 6.1% (111/1827) unexposed, OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.14); findings were consistent in the sensitivity analyses. Early hydrocortisone was associated with increased mortality (21.3% (210/988) exposed vs 16.2% (295/1827) unexposed, OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.72).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early prophylactic hydrocortisone from the first postnatal week was not associated with FIP. The observed association with higher mortality was a secondary finding in this observational study and requires cautious interpretation and further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal versus oral intubation in the neonatal intensive care unit: associations with procedural success and safety in a retrospective cohort study from the National Emergency Airway Registry for Neonates (NEAR4NEOS).","authors":"David M Rub, Timothy D Nelin, Ayman Abou Mehrem, Katharina Bibl, Ivana Brajkovic, Cassandra DeMartino, Sara B DeMauro, Stephen D DeMeo, Heidi M Herrick, Kate A Hodgson, Sabine Iben, Beth Ann Johnson, Dinushan C Kaluarachchi, Jae H Kim, Devin Mckissic, Ahmed Moussa, Natalie Napolitano, Akira Nishisaki, Michael Narvey, Patrick J Peebles, Sara E Peeples, Nicole Pouppirt, Mihai Pula-Dumitrescu, Jennifer Rumpel, Rebecca Shay, David G Tingay, Michelle D Tyler, Jennifer Unrau, Michael Wagner, Paul Wildenhain, Elizabeth E Foglia, Erik A Jensen","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-331137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2026-331137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the frequency and safety of nasal versus oral endotracheal intubation procedures in infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>29 centres across seven countries from April 2017 to March 2025.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Infants <1 year of age undergoing endotracheal intubation.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Primary outcome was first course success, with course defined as all intubation attempts without a change in equipment, premedication or route. Secondary outcomes were first attempt success, adverse tracheal intubation-associated events (TIAEs), severe TIAEs and severe desaturations. Adjusted relative risks (aRR) were estimated using Poisson regression accounting for centre, patient, provider and procedural variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 20 350 intubation courses (nasal 1057 (5.2%); oral 19 293 (94.8%)), nasal intubations occurred at 17 of 29 centres, with site-level use ranging from 0% to 99.2%. In fully adjusted models, nasal compared with oral intubation was associated with decreased course success (aRR 0.89; 95% CI 0.84 to 0.94, p<0.001), first attempt success and increased risk for severe desaturation. There were no significant differences in TIAEs. In a post-hoc analysis, these associations were not present at sites where intubations were predominantly performed via nasal route.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nasal intubation may not be the preferred approach for infants in settings where it is infrequently performed but may achieve comparable or improved intubation-related outcomes in centres with established expertise.</p>","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149103316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving early detection of critical congenital heart disease in a high-performing prenatal screening system: the OXYNAT interventional cohort study.","authors":"Julie Chabaneix, Anne-Cecile Huby, Nathalie Terras, Sophie Cramaregas, Eric Dumas de la Roque, Loic Sentilhes, Xavier Iriart, Jean-Benoit Thambo, François Roubertie, Roxane Coueron, Antoine Benard, Pascal Amedro","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-330602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2026-330602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early detection of critical congenital heart disease (CHD) is essential to prevent cardiovascular collapse and improve neonatal outcomes. While prenatal screening has advanced significantly in high-income countries, postnatal detection remains a safety net, particularly for left-sided lesions. Although pulse oximetry (PO) screening has been evaluated in several settings with high prenatal detection rates, the added value of combining it with systematic paediatric examination, and its impact on care pathways remains incompletely characterised in such contexts.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic performance and care pathway impact of PO screening-alone and combined with routine paediatric examination-for detecting critical CHD in a high-performing regional prenatal screening system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The OXYNAT study was a prospective, population-based interventional cohort in 28 maternity hospitals in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. 19 639 newborns were enrolled. PO was performed between 6 and 24 hours of life, followed by routine paediatric examination. Critical cases with CHD were identified through active multisource surveillance and followed for 1 year (supplemental file 1, visual abstra).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 14 infants diagnosed postnatally with a critical CHD, one death occurred in relation to delayed diagnosis of truncus arteriosus. PO alone yielded a sensitivity of 53.8% and specificity of 99.2% for detecting critical CHD. The combined strategy with paediatric examination improved sensitivity to 92.9% while maintaining high specificity (97.7%). However, only 4 of 14 infants postnatally followed an optimal care trajectory. Delays were mainly due to misinterpretation of early signs, incomplete echocardiographic assessment and coordination gaps.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a healthcare setting with high antenatal CHD detection, PO alone is insufficient. Integrating systematic paediatric examination significantly improves diagnostic performance.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT03078218.</p>","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149079679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical performance and practical implications of continuous glucose monitoring in very preterm infants: a cohort study.","authors":"Gordon Xin Hua Liu, Loredana Marcovecchio, Kathryn Beardsall","doi":"10.1136/archdischild-2026-330804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2026-330804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the clinical performance of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in very preterm infants during the first week of life, using data from the multicentre Real time continuous glucose monitoring (REACT) randomised controlled trial (RCT) and to consider how CGM can best support neonatal glucose management.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prespecified secondary analysis of paired sensor glucose (SG) and blood glucose (BG) measurements from the REACT RCT.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>13 neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in the UK, Spain and the Netherlands.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>155 very preterm infants (≤1200 g birth weight or <34 weeks' gestation) with CGM data collected during the first week of life.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Mean absolute relative difference (MARD), ISO 15197:2013 system agreement, Bland-Altman bias, error grid analysis and clinical contextualisation of CGM performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across 2223 SG-BG pairs, overall MARD was 11.9%, and 98%-99% of values fell within clinically acceptable error grid zones. SG tended to be less accurate at BG extremes, although error grid analyses show that clinical risk from discrepancies was low. CGM detected episodes of dysglycaemia not captured by intermittent sampling. Glucose variability did not materially influence accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CGM can provide clinically meaningful information in very preterm infants despite modest analytical inaccuracy when compared with single point-of-care values. Its greatest utility lies in continuous trend monitoring, early detection of silent dysglycaemia and reduced invasive sampling, rather than replacement of diagnostic blood testing. Clinicians should interpret SG values in context, confirm unexpected extremes with BG and focus on patterns rather than single values.</p>","PeriodicalId":8177,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149079694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}