Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)最新文献

{"title":"The SARS-CoV-2 spike L452R-E484Q variant in the Indian B.1.617 strain showed significant reduction in the neutralization activity of immune sera.","authors":"Gen Li, Zhongcheng Zhou, Peng Du, Meixing Yu, Ning Li, Xinxin Xiong, Hong Huang, Zhihai Liu, Qinjin Dai, Jie Zhu, Chengbin Guo, Shanyun Wu, Daniel T Baptista-Hon, Man Miao, Lam Wai Ming, Yong Wu, Fanxin Zeng, Charlotte L Zhang, Edward D Zhang, Haifeng Song, Jianghai Liu, Johnson Yiu-Nam Lau, Andy P Xiang, Kang Zhang","doi":"10.1093/pcmedi/pbab016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pcmedi/pbab016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To assess the impact of the key non-synonymous amino acid substitutions in the RBD of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.617.1 (dominant variant identified in the current India outbreak) on the infectivity and neutralization activities of the immune sera, L452R and E484Q (L452R-E484Q variant), pseudotyped virus was constructed (with the D614G background). The impact on binding with the neutralizing antibodies was also assessed with an ELISA assay. Pseudotyped virus carrying a L452R-E484Q variant showed a comparable infectivity compared with D614G. However, there was a significant reduction in the neutralization activity of the immune sera from non-human primates vaccinated with a recombinant receptor binding domain (RBD) protein, convalescent patients, and healthy vaccinees vaccinated with an mRNA vaccine. In addition, there was a reduction in binding of L452R-E484Q-D614G protein to the antibodies of the immune sera from vaccinated non-human primates. These results highlight the interplay between infectivity and other biologic factors involved in the natural evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Reduced neutralization activities against the L452R-E484Q variant will have an impact on health authority planning and implications for the vaccination strategy/new vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"5 1","pages":"149-154"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8385834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80865481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radial Extracorporeal Shock Wave Treatment Promotes Bone Growth and Chondrogenesis in Cultured Fetal Rat Metatarsal Bones.","authors":"Sowmya Ramesh, Farasat Zaman, Vrisha Madhuri, Lars Sävendahl","doi":"10.1097/CORR.0000000000001056","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CORR.0000000000001056","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Substantial evidence exists to show the positive effects of radialextracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on bone formation. However, it is unknown whether rESWT can act locally at the growth plate level to stimulate linear bone growth. One way to achieve this is to stimulate chondrogenesis in the growth plate without depending on circulating systemic growth factors. We wished to see whether rESWT would stimulate metatarsal rat growth plates in the absence of vascularity and associated systemic growth factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Questions/purposes: &lt;/strong&gt;To study the direct effects of rESWT on growth plate chondrogenesis, we asked: (1) Does rESWT stimulate longitudinal bone growth of ex vivo cultured bones? (2) Does rESWT cause any morphological changes in the growth plate? (3) Does rESWT locally activate proteins specific to growth plate chondrogenesis?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Metatarsal bones from rat fetuses were untreated (controls: n = 15) or exposed to a single application of rESWT at a low dose (500 impulses, 5 Hz, 90 mJ; n = 15), mid-dose (500 impulses, 5 Hz, 120 mJ; n = 14) or high dose (500 impulses, 10 Hz, 180 mJ; n = 34) and cultured for 14 days. Bone lengths were measured on Days 0, 4, 7, and 14. After 14 days of culturing, growth plate morphology was assessed with a histomorphometric analysis in which hypertrophic cell size (&gt; 7 µm) and hypertrophic zone height were measured (n = 6 bones each). Immunostaining for specific regulatory proteins involved in chondrogenesis and corresponding staining were quantitated digitally by a single observer using the automated threshold method in ImageJ software (n = 6 bones per group). A p value &lt; 0.05 indicated a significant difference.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The bone length in the high-dose rESWT group was increased compared with that in untreated controls (4.46 mm ± 0.75 mm; 95% confidence interval, 3.28-3.71 and control: 3.50 mm ± 0.38 mm; 95% CI, 4.19-4.72; p = 0.01). Mechanistic studies of the growth plate's cartilage revealed that high-dose rESWT increased the number of proliferative chondrocytes compared with untreated control bones (1363 ± 393 immunopositive cells per bone and 500 ± 413 immunopositive cells per bone, respectively; p = 0.04) and increased the diameter of hypertrophic chondrocytes (18 ± 3 µm and 13 ± 3 µm, respectively; p &lt; 0.001). This was accompanied by activation of insulin-like growth factor-1 (1015 ± 322 immunopositive cells per bone and 270 ± 121 immunopositive cells per bone, respectively; p = 0.043) and nuclear factor-kappa beta signaling (1029 ± 262 immunopositive cells per bone and 350 ± 60 immunopositive cells per bone, respectively; p = 0.01) and increased levels of the anti-apoptotic proteins B-cell lymphoma 2 (718 ± 86 immunopositive cells per bone and 35 ± 11 immunopositive cells per bone, respectively; p &lt; 0.001) and B-cell lymphoma-extra-large (107 ± 7 immunopositive cells per bone and 34 ± 6 immunopositive ce","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"28 1","pages":"668-678"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7145076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80841646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligence Revealed: Maps, Plans and Views at Horse Guards and the War Office, 1800–1880","authors":"A. Kent","doi":"10.1080/00379816.2012.722539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00379816.2012.722539","url":null,"abstract":"created of the land market elsewhere in England in this period (including a study of the St Albans Abbey manors of Park and Codicote). None of the original Latin is reproduced, as is typical of modern editions, but Noy states that he has endeavoured to stay as close as possible to the Latin in his translation. Any English that has been added to the translation to make it more understandable is given in brackets. There will, however, always be elements of personal interpretation in such editions, and those familiar with the typical language of court rolls may appreciate the selective glossary of some of the more common words and phrases and the translations which have been used for consistency.","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"33 1","pages":"232 - 235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00379816.2012.722539","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58838042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘The Great Trial’: A Swaledale Lead Mining Dispute in the Court of Exchequer, 1705–1708","authors":"C. Williams","doi":"10.1080/00379816.2012.722537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00379816.2012.722537","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"33 1","pages":"227 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00379816.2012.722537","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58838300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geoffrey Veysey (1934–2012)","authors":"C. Williams","doi":"10.1080/00379816.2012.722544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00379816.2012.722544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"33 1","pages":"189 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00379816.2012.722544","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58839133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Special Collections Handbook","authors":"K. Hooper","doi":"10.1080/00379816.2012.722535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00379816.2012.722535","url":null,"abstract":"otherwise be forgotten. To archivists and records managers, seeing the importance and value in the seemingly mundane and everyday is second-nature. However, to the average person trying to make space in their loft, these records are often another cardboard box to be dumped. Sassoon states that ‘seemingly insignificant documents are important chronicles of social history and are becoming a rich source of material for research and publication’. Indeed, many of the examples in the book are remarkable and include tales of glamorous shipping dynasties, exotic travel journals and tragic war diaries. She provides an inspiring collection of stories that would induce anyone to take a second look at that box of old school reports. Of course, not everyone is going to have such glamorous ancestors, but Sassoon demonstrates the various levels of ‘importance’—from personal sentiment to historic or national significance—using interesting and insightful anecdotes and her key message, that every item deserves a second look, is an important one. In addition to her discussion on the content and value of memorabilia, Sassoon successfully lays out some general guidance on exploring and preserving one’s own history. Various practical tips are provided throughout, and the final chapter, ‘Advice from the Professionals’, includes comments from conservation experts, academics and archivists. Glossy and filled with beautifully reproduced images, the book is clearly structured and enjoyable to read. The overall tone is one of positivity and encouragement and provides an inspiring introduction to archives, aimed at engaging new audiences. Sassoon emphasizes the work of professional archivists and records managers, whilst exploring how the general public can become involved and interested in their own personal histories. Overall Keeping Chronicles draws attention to the value of memorabilia as a historical source and the importance of preserving it in all its forms.","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"33 1","pages":"221 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00379816.2012.722535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58838204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mary Cornelia Paget (1912–2010) and Marion Trenchard Roberts (1933–2008)","authors":"Caroline Williams","doi":"10.1080/00379816.2012.722542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00379816.2012.722542","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"33 1","pages":"201 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00379816.2012.722542","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58838647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Masters of the Post: The Authorised History of the Royal Mail","authors":"Philip Bealle","doi":"10.1080/00379816.2012.722540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00379816.2012.722540","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"33 1","pages":"235 - 238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00379816.2012.722540","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58838127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I, Digital: Personal Collections in the Digital Era","authors":"Melissa Mhairi Terras","doi":"10.1080/00379816.2012.722533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00379816.2012.722533","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"33 1","pages":"217 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00379816.2012.722533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58838130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Currency of Art. A Collaboration Between the Baring Archive and the Graduate School of CCW, Bright3","authors":"A. Buchanan","doi":"10.1080/00379816.2012.722536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00379816.2012.722536","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":81733,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Archivists. Society of Archivists (Great Britain)","volume":"33 1","pages":"224 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/00379816.2012.722536","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58838248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}