Archives of Animal Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Dietary stevioside supplementation improves antioxidant status, carcass traits, and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs.","authors":"Zhiting Sun, Aibing Yu, Kunhong Xie, Yan Li, Bing Yu, Yuheng Luo, Ping Zheng, Xiangbing Mao, Hui Yan, Jun He","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2743707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2026.2743707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Steviol glycosides (stevioside, STE) are natural, non-caloric sweeteners derived from <i>Stevia rebaudiana</i> that possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic-regulatory properties potentially beneficial for livestock production, but their effects in growing-finishing pigs remain largely unexplored. We hypothesised that dietary STE supplementation would improve antioxidant status and thereby enhance carcass traits and pork quality in growing-finishing pigs. A total of 36 pigs (initial body weight 28.00 ± 0.41 kg) were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments (six replicate pens per treatment, three pigs per pen) and fed a basal diet with or without 200 mg/kg STE for 90 days. Dietary STE improved average daily gain (ADG) and the feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) during the early growing phase (25-50 kg; <i>p</i> < 0.05) and tended to increase final body weight over the entire trial. STE supplementation reduced serum urea and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and increased serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) (<i>p</i> < 0.05); in muscle, GSH-Px and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities increased and MDA concentration decreased (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.05), with no effect on T-AOC or catalase (CAT) activity. STE also increased carcass weight, carcass length, loin eye area, 24-h meat redness (a * 24 h), and intramuscular fat content (<i>p</i> < 0.05), but did not affect muscle protein content (<i>p</i> = 0.970). At the transcriptional level, STE downregulated myosin heavy chain (MyHC) IIb and upregulated MyHC IIa expression in the <i>longissimus dorsi</i>, and increased fatty acid synthase (FASN) mRNA expression in muscle while decreasing FASN, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) mRNA expression in liver. These gene expression changes are consistent with, but do not directly demonstrate, a shift towards a more oxidative muscle fibre profile and tissue-specific regulation of lipid metabolism; histological or protein-level confirmation is warranted. Overall, dietary supplementation with 200 mg/kg STE improved early-phase growth performance, antioxidant status, and several carcass and meat quality traits in growing-finishing pigs, supporting its potential as a functional feed additive; further dose-response studies are needed to identify the optimal inclusion level.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of dietary silymarin (<i>Silybum marianum</i>) at graded inclusion levels on production performance, gut morphology and hepatic antioxidant status in broilers not subjected to pathogen challenge.","authors":"Vasil Radoslavov Pirgozliev, Isobel Margaret Whiting, Stephen Charles Mansbridge, Kristina Kljak, David Yovchev, Heloisa Helena de Carvalho Mello, José Henrique Stringhini, Zhy Yang, Stephen Paul Rose","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2743731","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2026.2743731","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of graded levels of dietary silymarin (SM) supplementation at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 [g/kg] diet on growth performance, energy and nutrient availability, intestinal morphology, mucous cell populations and hepatic antioxidant status in unchallenged broiler chickens. Growth performance variables, including daily feed intake, weight gain and mortality‑corrected feed conversion ratio, were not influenced (<i>p</i> > 0.05) by SM inclusion. Although N-corrected apparent metabolisable energy, dry matter and nitrogen retention coefficients differed among treatments (<i>p</i> < 0.001), these effects were inconsistent and displayed no dose-dependent pattern (<i>p</i> > 0.05). No changes in breast meat colour were observed (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Jejunal villus morphometry and mucous cell types were largely unaffected by dietary treatments. Villus height and width did not vary among diets (<i>p</i> > 0.05), and although crypt depth, mucosal thickness and mucous cell subtype counts showed some treatment-specific differences (<i>p</i> < 0.001), none followed a consistent dose-response dependent trend. All measured values fell within expected physiological ranges for broilers at this age, indicating that SM exerted no substantive impact on intestinal structure or mucosal secretory function. Similarly, hepatic responses to SM were minimal, as the relative liver weight did not differ among treatments (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Compared to the control, hepatic coenzyme Q₁₀ concentration increased in 12 [g/kg] SM (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, the rest of the hepatic antioxidants showed limited or no sensitivity to SM supplementation, and no clear dose-related effects were detected (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Overall, SM supplementation significantly affected some variables related to gut physiology, hepatic antioxidant status and energy and nutrient availability, although these effects were not consistently related to dietary SM inclusion level.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydration duration modulates <i>in-vitro</i> protein protection and digestibility in tannin-treated soybean meal.","authors":"Nejc Valcl, Andrej Lavrenčič","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2729664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2026.2729664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Efficient utilisation of dietary protein improves ruminant performance and reduces nitrogen losses to the environment. Soybean meal (SBM) serves as a major protein source in ruminant nutrition but exhibits high ruminal crude protein (CP) degradability. Tannins reduce ruminal protein degradation, yet the effect of hydration duration during tannin treatment remains poorly defined. In this <i>in-vitro</i> study, we evaluated how three hydration durations (8 h, 16 h, 24 h) combined with chestnut wood extract (CWE) and quebracho wood extract (QUE) tannins at 50 and 100 g/kg influence dry matter (DM) and CP degradability and digestibility of SBM. Hydration duration significantly interacted with tannin treatment for DM degradability and digestibility (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Descriptively, tannin-treated samples showed lower <i>in-vitro</i> CP degradability than the corresponding controls across hydration durations. The lowest CP degradability was observed for CWE at 100 g/kg (380 ± 24.8 g/kg CP) at 8 h hydration, whereas CP digestibility for this treatment was lowest after 16 h hydration and increased to 984 ± 2.8 g/kg CP after 24 h. The highest by-pass CP values were observed after 8 h hydration, ranging from 397 ± 38.9 g/kg CP (QUE 50 g/kg) to 591 ± 25.3 g/kg CP (CWE 100 g/kg). DM degradability decreased by 7% (QUE 100 g/kg at 24 h) to 26% (CWE 100 g/kg at 8 h). These results suggest an 8 h hydration duration may provide the most favourable balance between protein protection and maintained nutrient digestibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148962873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of concentrated lipid sources on in vivo and in vitro digestibility of diets and net energy estimates of feed ingredients for growing pigs.","authors":"Martolino Barbosa da Costa Júnior, Ana Paula Liboreiro Brustolini, Katiuscia Cristina das Neves Mota, Clarice Speridião Silva Neta, Soraia Viana Ferreira, Matheus de Almeida Ferreira, Felipe Norberto Alves Ferreira, Idael Matheus Góes Lopes, Marcelo Dourado de Lima, Rafaela Jorge Sarsur de Freitas Ribeiro, Luisa Lopes da Rocha Dos Santos, Francisco Carlos de Oliveira Silva, Dalton de Oliveira Fontes, Walter Motta Ferreira","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2714865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2026.2714865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The nutritional evaluation of concentrated lipid sources is essential for improving the precision of energy values used in pig diet formulation. This study evaluated the effects of soybean oil, poultry fat, and pork fat on in vivo digestibility, in vitro dry matter digestibility, and net energy estimates in growing pigs. Twenty castrated male pigs were assigned to a completely randomised design with four treatments and five replicates. The experimental diets consisted of a control diet without added oil or fat and diets with 8% replacement of the control diet with soybean oil, poultry fat, or pork fat. Mean values were compared with the control diet using Dunnett's test. Concentrated lipid sources increased ether extract digestibility and dietary energy values compared with the control diet. Estimated net energy values were 8,139, 8,222, and 8,161 kcal/kg for soybean oil, poultry fat, and pork fat, respectively. None of the lipid-containing diets differed from the control diet in in vitro dry matter digestibility, indicating limited sensitivity of the assay to detect effects of lipid source inclusion. Overall, the results suggest that concentrated lipid sources increase dietary energy utilisation in growing pigs. Net energy values should be considered experiment-specific estimates.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of supplementation with lycopene on egg quality and antioxidant function in laying hens.","authors":"Mengxian Chen, Junxing Pan, Yang Song, Yu Ding, Zheng Xu, Min Wu, Xin Zheng","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2710975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2026.2710975","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The strategic focus on improving the quality of eggs, which are foundational and nutritious foods, offers a straightforward method to elevate the nutritional value of diets. However, studies on strategies to improve egg quality remain limited. Lycopene, a lipophilic carotenoid derived from red fruits and vegetables, enhances growth performance, lowers blood lipid levels, and improves antioxidant capacity. Therefore, in this study, a total of 360 laying hens were randomly divided into four groups. The CON group was fed a basal diet, the LYC group was supplemented with 120 mg/kg lycopene, whereas the CCBA group was supplemented with 60 mg/kg β-carotene, 250 mg/kg curcumin, 250 mg/kg allicin, and 500 mg/kg sodium butyrate, the CLYC group replaced β-carotene with lycopene, while other ingredients remained the same. For the yolk score, the LYC group significantly increased at days 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 compared to the CON group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The UFA and Vitamin A contents were significantly elevated in the LYC group compared to the CON group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The result of lipid metabolism genes expression showed that the relative expression of ACC, LXR-α, and PPAR-α significantly increased in the CLYC and CCBA groups compared with the CON group (<i>p</i> < 0.05), the relative expression of LXR-α in the LYC group remarkably higher than that in the CON group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, heatmap analysis showed that Turicibacter and Veillonella were enriched in the LYC group. The results of this study indicated that lycopene supplementation significantly improved egg quality, hepatic lipid metabolism, and systemic immunity in laying hens. Furthermore, analysis of gut revealed that lycopene increased ileal goblet cell numbers and IgA production, while enriching beneficial microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148672991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of clove essential oil and condensed tannin supplementation in enhancing nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, milk production, and the fatty acid profile in dairy goats.","authors":"Ibrahim M Khattab, Sherif A Gabr, Nehal M El-Hendawy, Nada A Nofel, Eman A Elwakeel, Safaa E S Atia","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2710977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2026.2710977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This experiment investigated the effects of clove essential oil (CEO) and a commercial condensed tannin (CT) on digestibility, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, milk yield, milk composition, and fatty acid profile in lactating goats. Nine multiparous goats were used in a triplicated 3 × 3 Latin square design over three 21-d periods, with 14 d for diet adaptation and 7 d for data and sample collection. Goats were fed a basal diet without supplementation (CON), supplemented with CEO at 2 g/goat/d (CEO diet), or with CT at 2% of CT on a dry matter (DM) basis (CT diet). Digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fibre was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with the CEO diet than with the CON and CT diets. Total volatile fatty acid concentration and acetate proportion were increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the CEO diet compared to the CT and CON diets. Both the CEO and CT diets lowered (<i>p</i> < 0.05) ruminal ammonia-N concentration and rumen methane production per kg DM compared with the CON diet. Blood urea concentration decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.02) on the CEO and CT diets versus the CON diet. Daily milk yield and the yields of fat-corrected milk, fat, protein, lactose, non-fat solids, and milk fat concentration were higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) with the CEO diet than with the CT and CON diets. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) while saturated fatty acids (SFA) decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.001) in the CON and CT diets compared with the CON diet. The CEO diet further increased monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (<i>p</i> = 0.01) and improved the SFA/MUFA ratio (<i>p</i> < 0.01) compared to the CON diet. The proportion of C18: 0 (stearic acid) increased (<i>p</i> = 0.05) in the CEO diet compared with the CT and CON diets. In addition, C18: 1 n-9c (oleic acid) increased (<i>p</i> < 0.01) most in the CEO diet, followed by the CT diet, and then the CON diet. Compared with the CON diet, the proportions of C18: 2 n-6c (linoleic acid) and C18: 2 trans (TT) also increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in both the CT and CEO diets. In conclusion, both additives successfully mitigated environmental impacts by suppressing ruminal methane emissions and ammonia-N concentration. However, CEO demonstrated clear superiority over CT by simultaneously enhancing nutrient digestibility, increasing milk and component yields, and optimising the milk fat profile by reducing SFA while increasing MUFA and oleic acid content.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148672988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of dietary oil and fat sources on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and carcass traits in broiler chickens.","authors":"Shubham Dilip Suradkar, J Venkata Ramana, K Raja Kishore, K Naga Raja Kumari, P Kavitha","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2692991","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2692991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study evaluated the effects of different dietary oil and fat sources on growth performance, serum biochemical profile, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. A total of 300 day-old Cobb 430Y broiler chicks were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments, each comprising six replicates of ten birds. Birds were fed iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets containing different lipid sources: soybean oil (T1), palm oil refinery by-product (T2), palm oil (T3), rice bran oil (T4) and lard (T5). Oils and fats were included at 3.0% during the pre-starter phase and 5.0% during the starter and finisher phases. Broilers fed lard (T5) exhibited significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) body weight gain, improved feed conversion ratio and the highest performance index (<i>p</i> < 0.01), followed by T2 and T1. The best protein efficiency ratio (<i>p</i> < 0.05) was observed in T1, followed by T5 and T2. Feed intake during the overall period was significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in T2, T4 and T5. Serum biochemical analysis revealed significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.01) total protein and albumin levels in T5. The lowest LDL cholesterol concentration (<i>p</i> < 0.01) was recorded in T2, followed by T1 and T3, while serum triglycerides and total cholesterol were significantly elevated in T5 and T4. Dry matter and crude protein digestibility were significantly improved (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in T1, T2 and T5. Ether extract digestibility was lower (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in T2, whereas nitrogen-free extract digestibility was higher (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in all treatments except T4. Carcass yield, dressing percentage and breast meat yield were significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.01) in T1, T2 and T5. In conclusion, dietary lipid source significantly influences broiler performance and metabolic responses. Palm oil refinery by-product demonstrated comparable performance to conventional oils and may serve as a potential alternative energy source under practical feeding conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"153-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148403291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of lipoic acid on muscle quality in finishing pigs under diquat-induced oxidative stress challenge.","authors":"Xiaohong Wang, Mingjie Xing, Yanjun Cui, Xianhong Gu, Hongfu Zhang, Yue Hao","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2653547","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2653547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dietary lipoic acid (LA) supplementation on meat quality and antioxidant regulation mechanisms in finishing pigs subjected to oxidative stress challenge induced by diquat (DQ). A 2 × 2 factorial design was applied using 24 Large White barrows (70.64 ± 3.61 kg; <i>n</i> = 6 per group) assigned to Control, LA (800 mg/kg LA), DQ (8 mg/kg BW) and DQ + LA treatments. DQ was administered intraperitoneally on day 15, and pigs were slaughtered on day 29 for collection of <i>Longissimus dorsi</i> samples. Carcass traits, meat quality traits (pH, colour, drip loss and shear force), Nrf2/Keap1 protein levels, myofiber-related genes expression (MyHC isoforms), and SOD activity and expression were analysed. We found that LA and DQ showed limited effects on carcass traits, except for a significant DQ × LA interaction on backfat thickness. DQ reduced pH_24 h and increased L_24 h, indicating accelerated post-mortem acidification and altered meat colour. LA increased a_45 min and significantly affected shear force, with a pronounced interaction under oxidative stress. DQ markedly upregulated Nrf2 protein expression, while LA partially attenuated this increase without affecting Keap1. DQ and LA significantly modulated myofiber type-related genes, with stress-dependent interactions observed for MyHC I and MyHC IIb. Moreover, DQ enhanced SOD mRNA, protein expression and enzyme activity, whereas LA increased SOD mRNA expression independently of oxidative stress, with no significant interaction effects. In conclusion, dietary LA modulated antioxidant capacity and muscle fibre gene expression in finishing pigs challenged with DQ; However, its effects on meat quality were stress-dependent rather than uniformly beneficial, indicating that further studies are needed to clarify its role in maintaining overall pork quality under diquat-induced oxidative stress challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"127-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147670049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking the maximum inclusion levels of exogenous phytase for enhanced turkey production performance.","authors":"Vasil R Pirgozliev, Stephen C Mansbridge, Isobel M Whiting, Stephen P Rose, Charles A Brearley, Michael R Bedford","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2669683","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2669683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the effects of graded dietary phytase (PHY) inclusion on feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolisable energy (AMEn), nutrient and mineral utilisation, and phytate degradation in growing turkeys. A positive control (PC) diet was formulated to meet or exceed breeder recommendations for nutrient content. A negative control (NC) diet was reformulated from the PC to contain the same calcium (Ca) to P ratio, but a reduced total P. The NC diet was subdivided and supplemented with PHY at 0, 100, 1000, 10,000, or 100,000 FTU/kg, resulting in six experimental diets. Seventy-two female BUT Premium turkey poults (mean body weight 1,885 g; SD ± 210 g) were randomly allocated to 36 raised-floor pens (two birds per pen; 0.36 m² per pen). Each diet was fed for 9 days, from 68 to 77 days of age to six replicate pens following randomisation. Birds fed the NC diet exhibited significantly reduced FI, WG, dry matter retention (DMR), and AMEn compared with birds fed the PC diet, confirming the adverse effects of marginal phosphorus supply. Supplementation with PHY at inclusion levels ≥1000 FTU/kg largely alleviated these deficiencies. Increasing dietary PHY concentration resulted in significant positive dose-dependent responses in WG, FCR, DMR, nitrogen retention, and AMEn. Marked reductions (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in excreta inositol phosphates (IP) were observed at PHY doses ≥1000 FTU/kg. Concentrations of IP and free inositol (IN) followed expected responses to increasing PHY dose, involving linear and quadratic components. Mineral retention coefficients were generally lower in turkeys fed the NC diet than in those fed the PC diet, except for phosphorus retention, which did not differ between control diets. Increasing PHY dose produced significant positive linear responses (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the retention of calcium, magnesium, iron, potassium, manganese, zinc, and phosphorus, particularly at ≥1000 FTU/kg, Overall, the results confirm that turkeys respond to high PHY inclusion in a manner broadly consistent with broilers. Very high PHY levels (super- and mega-doses) provided continued additional benefits for growth performance beyond 1000 FTU/kg, along with continued improvements in nutrient retention, and the data suggest the optimum dose was beyond that investigated in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"140-152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147961888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sheep feeding preference and methane mitigation potential of fodder tree leaves in the Sahelian silvopastoral zone of Senegal.","authors":"Aminata Beye, Tamsir Mbaye, Regina Roessler, Marieme Fall Ba, Ousmane Ndiaye, Fafa Sow, Daouda Ngom, Eva Schlecht","doi":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2648635","DOIUrl":"10.1080/1745039X.2026.2648635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feed scarcity during the long dry season is a major constraint to livestock production in the Sahel. During this period, fodder trees provide a valuable source of nutrients. This study assessed sheep feeding preferences for five woody species from Senegal's silvopastoral zone (<i>Adansonia digitata, Acacia tortilis</i> subsp. <i>raddiana, Balanites aegyptiaca, Guiera senegalensis, Khaya senegalensis</i>) and evaluated their enteric methane mitigation potential. A cafeteria-style trial quantified voluntary intake, feeding time and preference coefficients of four sheep for fresh and air-dried leaves over 5 consecutive days during daily 30-min sessions. <i>In vitro</i> gas production assays, conducted with and without polyethylene glycol (PEG), measured total gas, methane concentration, and estimated digestibility. Leaves of <i>A. raddiana</i> and <i>B. aegyptiaca</i> showed high crude protein contents (168.7 and 167.0 g/kg DM) and metabolisable energy values (8.7 and 12.1 MJ/kg DM). In contrast, <i>G. senegalensis</i> and <i>K. senegalensis</i> contained high fibre (aNDF: 586.6 and 484.8 g/kg DM) and condensed tannins (35.8 and 66.9 g/kg DM). PEG addition increased gas production in <i>A. raddiana, G. senegalensis</i> and <i>K. senegalensis</i>, confirming tannin inhibition of fermentation. Sheep showed a clear preference (<i>p</i> < 0.001) for ingesting fresh <i>A. raddiana</i> (298 g/animal) and <i>B. aegyptiaca</i> (270 g/animal) leaves; feeding time and preference coefficients followed the same pattern. Preference coefficients were positively associated with crude protein and negatively linked to fibre and tannin contents, while tannin-rich species also produced less methane <i>in vitro</i>. Overall, <i>A. raddiana</i> and <i>B. aegyptiaca</i> emerged as valuable indigenous fodder resources for improving dry-season nutrition and potentially contributing to climate-smart livestock systems in the West African Sahel.</p>","PeriodicalId":8157,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Animal Nutrition","volume":" ","pages":"107-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147653672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}