Ethology and sociobiology最新文献_第6页

Fluctuating asymmetry and body weight in men and women: Implications for sexual selection 男女体重的波动不对称:对性选择的启示

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(94)00074-H

J.T. Manning

引用次数: 154

Symbolic or not-so-symbolic wounds: The behavioral ecology of human scarification 象征性或不那么象征性的伤口:人类割伤的行为生态学

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(94)00075-I

L.R. Ludvico, J.A. Kurland

引用次数: 38

The red queen: Sex and the evolution of human nature 红皇后:性与人性的进化

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(95)90033-0

Roger D. Masters

引用次数: 0

A few good men: Evolutionary psychology and female adolescent aggression 几个好男人:进化心理学和女性青少年的攻击性

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(94)00072-F

Anne Campbell

{"title":"A few good men: Evolutionary psychology and female adolescent aggression","authors":"Anne Campbell","doi":"10.1016/0162-3095(94)00072-F","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0162-3095(94)00072-F","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Criminologists have drawn attention to the fact that crime peaks in the teens and early 20s and that this pattern shows invariance over culture, history, offense, and sex. Wilson and Daly (1985) have proposed that among young, disadvantaged males, the age-crime curve reflects risky tactics aimed at averting “reproductive death.” Though young women's rate of involvement in violent crime is much lower than men's, they also show a similar age-violence curve for assault. This paper proposes that this may be the result of aggressive mate selection among young women and that, under certain specified circumstances, women may engage in low-key intrasexual strategies in addition to epigamic strategies. This paper reviews material on sex differences in violent crime and in mate selection strategies, and offers predictions about the likely circumstances under which females will use intrasexual strategies. The scant available data on female adolescent fighting suggest that female-female assaults are more common than official statistical estimates and that they are frequently triggered by three key issues related to reproductive fitness: management of sexual reputation, competition over access to resource-rich young men, and protecting heterosexual relationships from takeover by rival women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":81211,"journal":{"name":"Ethology and sociobiology","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 99-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0162-3095(94)00072-F","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53541945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 239

Why does culture increase human adaptability? 为什么文化能增强人的适应能力?

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(94)00073-G

Robert Boyd, Peter J. Richerson

引用次数: 380

Keywords in evolutionary biology 关键词:进化生物学

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(95)90012-8

Melissa S. Gerald

引用次数: 0

Have attitudes toward homosexuals been shaped by natural selection? 对同性恋的态度是由自然选择形成的吗?

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(94)00028-6

Gordon G. Gallup Jr.

引用次数: 27

Low-investment copulation: Sex differences in motivations and emotional reactions 低投入的交配:动机和情绪反应的性别差异

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(94)00027-5

John Marshall Townsend, Jeffrey Kline, Timothy H. Wasserman

{"title":"Low-investment copulation: Sex differences in motivations and emotional reactions","authors":"John Marshall Townsend, Jeffrey Kline, Timothy H. Wasserman","doi":"10.1016/0162-3095(94)00027-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0162-3095(94)00027-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Samples of male (<em>n</em> = 113) and female (<em>n</em> = 175) college students were surveyed. Majorities of both sexes agreed with statements indicating that males' sexual attractiveness varied more than females' sexual attractiveness as a function of their status. Subjects who reported more sex partners and a greater aversion to sexual monogamy were slightly more likely to agree that they tested their partners to see how far they could push them. Interviews with highly sexually active females (<em>n</em> = 32) and males (<em>n</em> = 24) indicated that low-investment copulation and lack of control over the sexual access-investment ratio caused even women with very permissive attitudes and multiple sex partners to develop an aversion to low-investment copulation. Three levels were identified in this process. The techniques that women with multiple partners used to deal with their feelings are described. Females tested their partners for ability and willingness to invest. Males tested for opportunities to reduce investment and pursue other women. High status, for example athletic stardom, transformed males' sexual attractiveness to women and numbers of sex partners. Results were consistent with the view that the emotional-motivational mechanisms that moderate sexual arousal and attraction are sexually dimorphic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":81211,"journal":{"name":"Ethology and sociobiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 25-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0162-3095(94)00027-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53541918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 61

Sex differences in intra-sex variations in human mating tactics: An evolutionary approach 人类交配策略的性别差异:一种进化方法

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(94)00012-V

Monica A. Landolt , Martin L. Lalumière , Vernon L. Quinsey

{"title":"Sex differences in intra-sex variations in human mating tactics: An evolutionary approach","authors":"Monica A. Landolt , Martin L. Lalumière , Vernon L. Quinsey","doi":"10.1016/0162-3095(94)00012-V","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0162-3095(94)00012-V","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We assessed sex differences in the effects of physical attractiveness and earning potential on mate selection, and sex differences in preferences and motivations with regard to short-term and long-term mating. We also investigated the effect of a variable likely to produce intra-sex variations in the selection of mating tactics, self-perceived mating success. Forty-eight university students were presented with pictures and short descriptions of persons of the opposite sex varying in physical attractiveness and earning potential. Dating interest was influenced, for both sexes, by stimulus-person's physical attractiveness <em>and</em> earning potential, but these two characteristics interacted only for female raters. Male and female subjects showed discrepant preferences and motivations with regard to short-term and long-term mating. In addition, self-perceived mating success was related to mating tactics in males only: Males who perceived themselves as more successful, compared to males who perceived themselves as less successful, tended to prefer and to more often select short-term mating. This effect was maximized when the stimulus person was very attractive and of high earning potential. These results confirm sex differences in mating preferences, strongly suggest a proximal factor of tactic selection, and suggest that males' mating strategies may be more variable than females'.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":81211,"journal":{"name":"Ethology and sociobiology","volume":"16 1","pages":"Pages 3-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0162-3095(94)00012-V","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"53541861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 236

Support and conflict of kinsmen: A response to Hekala and Buell 亲属的支持与冲突:对Hekala和Buell的回应

Ethology and sociobiology Pub Date : 1995-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3095(94)00013-W

Steven B. Johnson, Ronald C. Johnson

引用次数: 2