Aquaculture Research最新文献

{"title":"Optimized Feeding of a Humic Substance or Protease Complex in Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque): Implications for Performance, Immunity, and Intestinal Microbiota","authors":"Abdulmalik A. Oladipupo,&nbsp;Anita M. Kelly,&nbsp;D. Allen Davis,&nbsp;Timothy J. Bruce","doi":"10.1155/are/7911713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/7911713","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Previously, dietary humic substances (HSs) or protease complexes (PCs) in fingerling channel catfish <i>Ictalurus punctatus</i> (Rafinesque) have demonstrated potential for health enhancement. Two trials were conducted to elucidate an optimal HS or PC administration plan for growth and health promotion. The first feeding trial was conducted within a recirculating aquaculture system. Catfish fingerlings were fed a commercial control (28% protein) or supplemented diet (control + PC or HS). Diets were administered through four feeding regimens of either HS, or PC-supplemented diet. After 60 days, continuous feeding of diets with HS or PC contributed to improved feed efficiency and weight gain of the fish. Similarly, catfish growth was enhanced following the application of HS or PC for the final 4 weeks. Serum lysozyme activity was relatively improved in catfish when a PC or HS diets were offered for 60 days. Feeding either of the supplements for the final 4 weeks improved skin lysozyme activity compared to the control group. In the second trial, catfish were fed either the commercial control diet, PC-supplemented diet, or HS-supplemented diet in an outdoor production environment for 60 days. Both HS and PC catfish groups had higher survival rates than the control group. Furthermore, growth performance was superior in additive-fed groups. After HS or PC application, gut microbiota analysis from catfish fecal at two time points revealed significant variation in alpha diversity, community abundance, and beta diversity. However, the association of dietary HS or PC on improved survival, immunity, and gut microbiota modulations presents their importance as functional immunostimulants in catfish aquaculture.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/7911713","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omega-3 EPA and DHA From Algal Oil Improve Pacific White Shrimp Zootechnical Performance and Nutritional Quality Without Changing Sensory Quality","authors":"Ester Santigosa,&nbsp;Daniel Lemos,&nbsp;Rafael T. I. Coelho,&nbsp;Ian Carr","doi":"10.1155/2024/7543478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7543478","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Although the benefits of incorporating algal oil (AO) in plant-based aquafeeds have been established for most commercial fish species, knowledge on the effects of such incorporation in shrimp feeds is scarce. The present study assessed how AO inclusion at different levels in a plant-based shrimp feed could promote growth and fatty acid (FA) deposition in the muscle. Pacific white shrimp, <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>, were fed a reference diet with marine animal ingredients (F0) or a marine-free plant-based diet with vegetable oil (VO) alone (P0), or in combination with 1% (P1) or 2% (P2) AO. After 51 days of culture, zootechnical and nutritional performance of shrimp fed with AO supplemented diets was significantly improved. The sensory attributes of shrimp fed P1 and P2 were slightly improved relative to P0 while the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content was three to four times higher, thereby increasing the nutritional value of shrimp. Therefore, plant-based feeds can sustain an efficient production of <i>L. vannamei</i> with controlled FA profiles, provided they are supplemented with AO. In addition, the use of AO eliminates the reliance of shrimp feeds on the limited supplies of marine ingredients while maintaining the forage fish dependency ratio for fish oil (FO) of zero and allows for the use of more flexible formulae based on different meals of nonmarine origin.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7543478","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Aquaponic Systems for Improved Food Production Efficiency in Climate-Vulnerable Coastal Regions","authors":"Md. Asadujjaman,&nbsp;Md. Abdus Salam,&nbsp;Muhammad Tanvir Hossain Chowdhury,&nbsp;Sarker Mohammed Rafiqul Alam,&nbsp;Mohammed Fahad Albeshr,&nbsp;Takaomi Arai,&nbsp;M. Belal Hossain","doi":"10.1155/are/9467236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/9467236","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Aquaponics, a sustainable agricultural approach, integrates aquaculture and hydroponics to optimize water consumption and enhance resource efficiency. The coastal region of Bangladesh, prone to frequent natural disasters, necessitates the development of resilient food production systems. In the present study, an adaptive aquaponic system was developed to evaluate the effectiveness of fish and vegetable production and assess the adoption process of this technology by the local communities to address climatic effects. The study design involved three treatment groups from the local communities, namely: local farmers (<i>T</i>1), school teachers (<i>T</i>2), and boat sailors (<i>T</i>3). The aquaponics system was stocked with monosex tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) fry and various fast-growing vegetable crops. The tilapia fry had an initial mean length of 7.1 ± 0.845 cm and weight of 10.02 ± 0.02 g and were introduced at a stocking density of 95 fry per 0.8 m³ in a 1000-L capacity water tank. Seedlings of tomato, basil, turnip, cauliflower, and eggplant were planted in separate tubs and tank heads within the aquaponic systems. Results indicated that both fish and plant production in the treatment managed by local farmers surpassed that of other community groups. Treatment <i>T</i>₁ demonstrated the highest fish production at 1542.69 ± 1.0 kg/ha/120 days, followed by <i>T</i>₂ (1317.44 ± 0.37 kg/ha/120 days) and <i>T</i>₃ (1278.204 ± 0.37 kg/ha/120 days). Similarly, turnip production mirrored this trend, with values of 8960 ± 672, 7440 ± 432, and 5120 ± 640 (kg/ha/120 days) for <i>T</i>1, <i>T</i>2, and <i>T</i>3, respectively. Tomato production ranked second highest production, with values of 5132.31 ± 361.85, 4520 ± 272, and 4349.6 ± 300.48 kg/ha/120 days in <i>T</i>₁, <i>T</i>₂, and <i>T</i>₃, respectively. The measured water quality parameters were recorded as follows: temperature at 20.17 ± 0.23°C, dissolved oxygen (DO) at 5.80 ± 0.55 mg/L, pH at 8.04 ± 0.11, NH₃─N at 0.26 ± 0.01 mg/L, NO₂─N at 0.35 ± 0.01 mg/L, NO₃─N at 0.03 ± 0.01 mg/L, and PO₄─P at 0.43 ± 0.01 mg/L. A survey on the implementation of the technology revealed that participants had positive perceptions regarding the effectiveness of the aquaponic system, with 76.67% strongly agreeing to adopt the technology for future fish and vegetable production. Significantly, there were no opposing views, demonstrating a high level of acceptance. The study highlights the need to assess the technology’s effectiveness and community acceptance in other climatically vulnerable regions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/9467236","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142764027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Chemical–Physical and Natural Ingredients of Food Factors Modulation for Freshwater Aquaculture Systems Fish Wellness: A Systematic Review","authors":"Eloise Pulvirenti,&nbsp;Claudia Favara,&nbsp;Paola Rapisarda,&nbsp;Maria Castrogiovanni,&nbsp;Carmen Sica,&nbsp;Erica Aquilia,&nbsp;Antonio Cristaldi,&nbsp;Gea Oliveri Conti,&nbsp;Margherita Ferrante","doi":"10.1155/are/1284780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/1284780","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Freshwater aquaculture plays a crucial role in addressing the growing demand for seafood, providing a sustainable solution, and contributing to global food security. It offers notable advantages for saltwater aquaculture in terms of cost-effectiveness, environmental management, and reduced ecological impact. As a system for farming aquatic organisms, aquaculture significantly contributes to human food production and addresses issues like protein shortages and diet-related diseases. However, it also faces challenges such as fish epidemics and ecosystem impacts. This Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-based systematic review focuses on the needs of both the modulation of chemical–physical environmental factors and natural ingredients used in feed formula to improve the wellness of farmed fish in freshwater aquaculture. We analyzed published articles between 1 January 2013 and 30 June 2024 using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The results highlighted the good effects of ultraviolet light (UV-C) treatment about bacterial infections and the use of oxolinic acid (OA) and alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on fish welfare through diet. These factors highlighted the importance of dose-dependent applications of both environmental physico-chemical factors and natural feed ingredients. Tailoring diets with specific nutritional components is crucial to improve productive outcomes in freshwater aquaculture systems, ultimately supporting the health and welfare of farmed fish.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/1284780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity of Oreochromis shiranus (Boulenger 1905) After Six Consecutive Generations of Selective Breeding Compared With Corresponding Wild Populations","authors":"Thomson Sanudi,&nbsp;Clint Rhode,&nbsp;Rouvay Roodt-Wilding,&nbsp;Alfred Maluwa","doi":"10.1155/are/4440384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/4440384","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Aquaculture in sub-Saharan African accounts for less than 2% of world aquaculture production. The use of unimproved species limits the growth of aquaculture. In order to increase production, there is a need to develop aquaculture species that show vigor and adapt to different culture conditions. A genetic improvement program for <i>Oreochromis shiranus</i> was initiated at the National Aquaculture Center (NAC), in Zomba, Malawi. The program used pedigree records during mate allocation to avoid mating of siblings. After six consecutive generations of selection, a sample of 32 fish was taken for genetic analysis using a panel of 16 microsatellite markers. Genetic diversity and population differentiation indices of the sixth filial generation (F6) were compared with wild fish populations sampled from the corresponding locations from which the initial brood stock was collected. The study results show that the genetic diversity of the F6 generation and wild populations was not significantly different after the Kruskal–Wallis tests. However, the number of private alleles was lower in generation F6 (0.80) than in the overall average for wild populations (1.28). Discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPCs) supported analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) by showing that there were no significant overlaps of inertia ellipses among F6 generation and wild populations. The experimental population differentiated into a separate group because of the random brood stock contribution from only a few fish from the wild population. The results suggest that the initial genetic diversity of the brood stock was sufficient as shown by the high number of alleles and polymorphic information content (PIC) values which contributed to the success of the selection program. The selection program successfully produced large fish at harvest and ensured genetic diversity of the F6 generation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/4440384","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142748955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BiFormer Attention-Guided Multiscale Fusion Mask2former Networks for Fish Abnormal Behavior Recognition and Segmentation","authors":"Jihang Liu,&nbsp;Zeyuan Hu,&nbsp;Yixi Zhang,&nbsp;Yinjia Li,&nbsp;Jinsong Yang,&nbsp;Hong Yu","doi":"10.1155/are/8892810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/8892810","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>To address the issues of accurately identifying and tracking individual fish abnormal behaviors and poor adaptability in the aquaculture field, this paper proposes a Mask2former model combined with a bidirectional routing attention mechanism (BiFormer) and a multiscale dilated attention (MSDA) module for fish abnormal behavior recognition and segmentation. To compensate for the lack of publicly available datasets on fish abnormal behavior, we created the “FISH_segmentation_2023” abnormal behavior dataset, which includes four types of fish behaviors. First, by introducing the BiFormer attention mechanism, the model can better capture critical temporal and spatial information in image sequences, significantly enhancing feature representation. Second, after processing the feature maps with the pixel decoder, the MSDA module is introduced to perform multiscale fusion on these features. The fused features are then passed to the transformer decoder, further enhancing the model’s ability to recognize fish abnormal behaviors. Finally, to further improve model performance and address class imbalance issues in the dataset, we designed a composite loss function combining focal loss and dice loss (FD loss). This loss function can balance the influence of easy and difficult-to-classify samples while optimizing segmentation performance, thereby improving the model’s recognition accuracy and mean intersection over union (mIoU) metrics. Experimental results show that the BiFormer multiscale dilated attention FD loss (BMF)-Mask2former model exhibits high performance, achieving average intersection over union (IoU), accuracy, and recall values of 92.33%, 95.63%, and 94.82%, respectively, on the self-built FISH_segmentation_2023 dataset, representing improvements of 6.10%, 4.50%, and 5.09%, respectively, compared to the Mask2former model. The study demonstrates that the proposed model can accurately capture both local and contextual features of fish abnormal behaviors through multiscale fusion methods, resulting in high-quality segmentation outcomes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/8892810","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Multifaceted Role of Gut Microbiota in Sea Urchin Digestion: Diversity, Function, Symbiosis, and Carbohydrate Degradation","authors":"Yining Zheng,&nbsp;Furong Wang,&nbsp;Yu Jiang,&nbsp;Yu Zhang,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Lianshun Wang,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Yanan Lu,&nbsp;Yuting Cong,&nbsp;Guojun Yang","doi":"10.1155/2024/7363987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7363987","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Sea urchins, ecologically important marine species, host a complex gut microbiota that plays a significant role in their digestion, nutrient acquisition, and overall health. The gut microbes, along with endogenous enzymes, facilitate the breakdown of macroalgae and other food sources. Environmental factors, including temperature, salinity, and habitat type, can greatly influence the microbial communities within sea urchins. Dietary variations can also lead to shifts in the abundance and composition of intestinal bacteria, highlighting the strong connection between diet and gut microbiota. The sea urchin’s unique anatomy and digestive system adaptations contribute to their ability to process and absorb nutrients efficiently, supporting their varied diets. Gut microbes not only participate in the decomposition of complex carbohydrates, but also in detoxifying compounds and mitigating the impacts of inhospitable environments. Further research is needed to fully understand the intricate relationships between sea urchin species, their habitats, diets, and gut microbiota composition. A deeper understanding of these interactions may inform sustainable management and aquaculture strategies, ensure the long-term viability of economically valuable sea urchin species, and provide insights into their ecological roles and adaptability to changing environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/7363987","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight Into Dietary Utilization of African Palm Weevil (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) Oil: Assessing the Effect on Growth, Serum Biochemistry, Liver, and Intestinal Histomorphology of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)","authors":"Femi J. Fawole,&nbsp;Yusuf O. Yusuf,&nbsp;Lateef O. Tiamiyu,&nbsp;Orighomisan N. Arawore,&nbsp;Praise B. Akinlabi,&nbsp;Omoshalewa H. Jimoh,&nbsp;Kazeem D. Adeyemi,&nbsp;Olubunmi Atolani,&nbsp;Adam Abdullahi","doi":"10.1155/are/4580197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/4580197","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The quest to reduce dependency on fish- or vegetable-based oil resources has prompted aquaculture experts to intensify their search for a suitable and sustainable alternative for aquafeed production. Based on this reality, the current study was designed to evaluate the dietary influence of African palm weevil oil (PWO) on the growth performance, serum biochemistry, lipid peroxidation products, antioxidant enzyme response, and organ integrity of African catfish (<i>Clarias gariepinus</i>) juveniles. Four diets were formulated, wherein the control diet was prepared using soybean oil (SO) as the main dietary oil source and was replaced with PWO in the treatment diets at 50% (PWO-50), 75% (PWO-75), or 100% (PWO-100). A total of 180 African catfish (average weight: 18.76 ± 0.043) were randomly stocked at 15 fish per 50-L tank in triplicate and hand-fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 45 days. The results showed that the highest weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and thermal growth coefficient (TGC) were found in control (SO)-fed fish, which is similar to the PWO 50% but differs significantly from others (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein productive value (PPV) showed linear and quadratic trends, with a significantly lowest and highest value recorded in fish-fed control and PWO 50%, respectively, compared to other dietary groups (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The protein efficiency ratio (PER) value decreases linearly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) as the level of PWO increases. The highest total immunoglobulin (TIG) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were recorded in fish fed PWO-50%, while PWO-75% registered the highest lysozyme activity (LA). There was no statistically significant difference (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) in the physiological parameters such as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), C-reactive protein (CRP), and lipid peroxidation index (malondialdehyde [MDA]) among the groups. The fish fed PWO-100% had the lowest recorded values of villus height, area of absorption, and cryptal depth (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). In summary, the current finding shows that oil extracted from African palm weevils appears promising at a 50% dietary level without impairing the growth performance, liver, or intestinal health of African catfish.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/4580197","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Commercial Probiotics on the Growth, Hematology, Immunity, and Resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila Challenge in Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus","authors":"Fardin Shahriar,&nbsp;A. H. E. Azaz Ibnasina,&nbsp;Nasib Uddin,&nbsp;Fatema Jannat Munny,&nbsp;Md Ashraf Hussain,&nbsp;Won Je Jang,&nbsp;Jong Min Lee,&nbsp;Eun-Woo Lee,&nbsp;Md Tawheed Hasan,&nbsp;Md. Abu Kawsar","doi":"10.1155/are/3901035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/are/3901035","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>This study investigated the effects of commercial probiotics on the growth, feed utilization, hematology, innate immunity, and disease resistance of climbing perch (<i>Anabas testudineus</i>). One gram of each locally available branded commercial probiotic, Pro-1, Pro-2, Pro-3, and Pro-4, was incorporated into commercial fish feed to prepare treatment diets T₁ to T₄, respectively, and feed without any probiotics was used as control (C). After 8 weeks of feeding, all groups demonstrated significantly improved percent weight gain (WG) and specific growth ratio (SGR; except T₃) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) relative to C. Moreover, these growth and feed utilization parameters were positively modulated in T₂ compared to C and the other three treatments. Serum biochemical parameters, such as liver stress enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), were lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in the probiotic-supplemented group, but variations in triglyceride (TG, mg dl⁻¹) levels were detected. Important hematological parameters, including white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes (Lymphs), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell (RBC) distribution width (RDW)-standard deviation (SD), and platelets (PLT), also improved after probiotic administration. Innate immune parameters, such as respiratory burst (RB) in T₃ and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in T₂ to T₄, also increased. The pathogenetic bacterial challenge with <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> (1 × 10⁸ colony-forming units (CFUs)/mL) revealed the enhanced survival rates in T₂ and T₃ compared to other groups. Therefore, locally available commercial probiotic administration through fish diet inoculation enhanced the growth, boosted immunity and hematology, and increased infectious disease protection against <i>A. hydrophila</i> infection in <i>A. testudineus</i> to and ensured the sustainable aquaculture rearing of this species.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/are/3901035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Antiviral Effect of Two Important Base Analogs, Ribavirin and 5-Fluoruracil, on Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus","authors":"Yasemin Çiçek Yıldız,&nbsp;Zafer Yazıcı","doi":"10.1155/2024/8838908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8838908","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) has highly contagious disease and an important viral disease-causing economic loss for fish farming, which has developed in recent years. The virus is the first fish virus isolated in vitro. Horizontal and vertical transmission plays an important role in the spread of the virus. In addition, the resistance of the virus to environmental conditions makes it difficult to control the virus. Therefore, it is important to develop vaccines and analyze the effectivity of antivirals for the prevention and control of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) infection. This study investigated the antiviral effect of two different mutagens, ribavirin (RBV) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), on IPNV, and their mutation-inducing potential on the susceptible cell line <i>Epithelioma papulosum cyprini</i> (EPC), in vitro. For this purpose, cytotoxic doses of RBV and 5-FU were first investigated and were found to be 50 and 100 µM/mL, respectively. Serial passages of IPNV were then performed, both with and without drug suppression. At the end of each passage, confirmation was performed by real-time transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Serial passages were checked for viral load using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The viral copy number of the RBV-suppressed virus decreased from 1.18 × 10⁵ copies/µL for the 1st passage to 1.49 × 10² copies/µL at the end of the 5th passage. The viral copy number of the 5-FU-suppressed virus decreased gradually with each passage, from 3.84 × 10³ copies/µL for the 1st passage to 1.78 × 10² copies/µL at the end of the 5th passage, with the exception of the 2nd passage, where the viral load increased. Passages 1st and 5th of both the RBV- and 5-FU-suppressed virus, and the non-drug-suppressed virus, were checked by partial sequence, but mutations in VP2 were not observed. In conclusion, in this study, we obtained data on the antiviral activity of two mutagens on IPNV.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8104,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/8838908","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}