Annals of Science最新文献_第4页

Sound between water and light: images and analogies in early acoustics, 1660-1710. 水和光之间的声音：1660-1710 年早期声学中的图像和类比。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2289519

Leendert van der Miesen

{"title":"Sound between water and light: images and analogies in early acoustics, 1660-1710.","authors":"Leendert van der Miesen","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2289519","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00033790.2023.2289519","url":null,"abstract":"Sounds are heard, sometimes even felt, but in most cases they remain unseen. This ephemeral and invisible nature of sound was already considered a problem when the science of acoustics took form in the seventeenth century. The fact that sound could not be seen was described as a significant hindrance to its understanding. But it was precisely during this time that a wide variety of sounds attracted broad scientific attention across Europe. Scholars, natural philosophers, and mathematicians investigated and experimented with sound and musical instruments and developed theories of hearing. This article looks at the role of images, diagrams, and visualization techniques in late seventeenth-century acoustics, bringing together the history of sound and the history of scientific images. Focusing on water and light as the dominant analogies for sound, the article demonstrates that visualization was an important tool for thinking about sound and allowed for the circulation of theories and experiments. At the same time, the epistemic status of these images remained contested, as there was no single model that could explain the different ways sound behaves as it moves through space and that could be visualized.","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":" ","pages":"74-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139037345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Julius Haast and the discovery of the origin of alpine lakes. 朱利叶斯-哈斯特和高山湖泊起源的发现。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2024.2304332

George Hook

{"title":"Julius Haast and the discovery of the origin of alpine lakes.","authors":"George Hook","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2024.2304332","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00033790.2024.2304332","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates Haast's claim that in March 1862 he independently reached the same controversial conclusion as Ramsay, that lake basins in previously glaciated regions were formed by ancient glaciers. Both men's views fuelled a passionate debate in British scientific societies. However, science historians largely ignore Haast's contribution or imply he knew about Ramsay's 'theory' before coming to a conclusion about Southern Alps lakes.To assess whether Haast independently reached that conclusion in March 1862, field records, correspondence, reports, newspaper articles, and scientific publications are examined. Of significance are communications with geologists Hochstetter, Hector, and Ramsay, botanist Hooker, and physicist Tyndall. Consideration of what Haast observed in March 1862 is also critical.However, Haast's 1862 conclusion differs from Ramsay's. While Ramsay was convinced ancient glaciers scooped out rock basins, resulting in deep lakes, Haast believed ancient retreating glaciers left moraines that dammed valleys, resulting in shallow lakes. Regardless of their differences, after Haast read Ramsay's paper in 1864, he applied Ramsay's 'theory' to New Zealand's alpine lakes and proposed an excavation process.The essence of both Ramsay's and Haast's conclusions has been confirmed by research in formerly glaciated regions worldwide. However, Haast's contribution to glaciology is overlooked or underemphasized, and warrants being more widely acknowledged.","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":" ","pages":"133-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A 'Temple of Liberty'? Alexander von Humboldt and the French Revolution. “自由神庙”？亚历山大·冯·洪堡和法国大革命。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2024.2433232

Andreas W Daum

{"title":"A 'Temple of Liberty'? Alexander von Humboldt and the French Revolution.","authors":"Andreas W Daum","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2024.2433232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2024.2433232","url":null,"abstract":"This article sheds new light on Alexander von Humboldt's political position in the revolutionary decade between 1789 and 1799. The young naturalist interacted with both supporters and opponents of the revolution. In July 1790, he even participated in the preparations for the Festival of the Federation in Paris together with Georg Forster. However, Humboldt remained detached from Europe's polarized politics. He avoided taking a firm stance and distanced himself from revolutionary violence. Continuous emotional and physical crises, in addition to his immersion into scientific studies, fuelled this retreat. While steeped in Enlightenment ideas and committed to a cosmopolitan understanding of liberty, Humboldt absorbed the critique of the French Revolution and the skeptical take on rationalism that the philosophers Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi and Wilhelm von Humboldt, Alexander's brother, articulated.By recognizing these influences and reexamining autobiographical sources, we can identify the various intellectual and political contexts in which Alexander von Humboldt operated during the 1790s. This polycentric approach leads to a nuanced understanding of Humboldt's political thinking in revolutionary Europe. It explains his caution in political matters and revises the conventional image of Humboldt as a fervent supporter of the French Revolution.","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142799243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

'Made in the Galleries of His Most Serene Highness, Florence'. Conflicts in instrument invention at the Medici court: the pendulum clock, and the Accademia del Cimento. 佛罗伦萨至尊殿下画廊制造"。美第奇宫廷乐器发明的冲突：摆钟和手工艺学院。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2024.2426814

Cristiano Zanetti

{"title":"'Made in the Galleries of His Most Serene Highness, Florence'. Conflicts in instrument invention at the Medici court: the pendulum clock, and the Accademia del Cimento.","authors":"Cristiano Zanetti","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2024.2426814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2024.2426814","url":null,"abstract":"This essay proposes that the only publication of the Accademia del Cimento, referred to as Saggi,11 Accademia del Cimento, Saggi di naturali esperienze fatte nell' Accademia del Cimento sotto la protezione del serenissimo principe Leopoldo di Toscana e descritte dal segretario di essa Accademia (Firenze: Per Giuseppe Cocchini, 1667). had as one of its main goals the celebration of the House of Medici's paternity of cutting-edge experiments and instruments during the reign of Grand Duke Ferdinando II. These included Ferdinando II's thermometers and hygrometers, Torricelli's experiment and barometer, and Galileo's pendulum as a clock-regulator. It seems that this agenda went unnoticed, not at the time of its initial circulation, but rather in modern historiography. Christiaan Huygens's challenged invention of the pendulum clock provides a case study to explore the agenda of this publication and the problem of defining an invention in seventeenth-century Europe. This paper presents for the first time the document that attests to when the first specimen of Huygens's clock arrived in Florence, disproving the previously believed date of September 1657. The paper argues that over the last two centuries, this error has made the Medici narratives of this dispute appear inconsistent and marginalized them. In light of this new find, they must be reconsidered.","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142680682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On Simon Mayr's alleged discovery of Jupiter's satellites. 关于西蒙-迈尔发现木星卫星的说法。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2229325

Gabriele Vanin

引用次数: 0

Inventing the language of Things: the emergence of scientific reporting in seventeenth-century England. 发明事物的语言：十七世纪英国科学报告的出现。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-02 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2023.2235364

Plamena Panayotova

引用次数: 0

Correction. 更正。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-29 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2024.2346379

引用次数: 0

The social agency of instruments of surveying and exploration c.1830-1930. 1830-1930 年间测量和勘探工具的社会中介。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2024.2388602

Jane A Wess

引用次数: 0

Gustave-Adolphe Hirn, the mechanical equivalent of heat, and the conservation of energy. 古斯塔夫-阿道夫-希恩，热的机械等价物和能量守恒。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2024-08-09 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2024.2378353

Kenneth L Caneva

{"title":"Gustave-Adolphe Hirn, the mechanical equivalent of heat, and the conservation of energy.","authors":"Kenneth L Caneva","doi":"10.1080/00033790.2024.2378353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00033790.2024.2378353","url":null,"abstract":"Alsatian engineer Gustave-Adolphe Hirn is best known to historians of science for his experimental determination of the mechanical equivalent of heat, first published in 1855. Since the 1840s, that equivalent has been closely associated with the conservation of energy, indeed often conflated with it. Hirn was one of Thomas Kuhn's twelve 'pioneers' whose work he deemed relevant to the ostensible 'simultaneous discovery' of energy conservation. Yet Hirn never wholeheartedly embraced energy conservation. After reviewing his experimental work, his philosophical reflections, and his response to developments in heat theory, this article identifies three factors as having played central roles in this regard: Hirn's deepest concerns were ontological, not energetic; none of the concepts basic to his natural philosophy were appropriate stand-ins for a quantitatively conserved energy; and, accurately reflecting the most common interpretation of the principle of the conservation of energy from the 1860s on - as exemplified already by Helmholtz in 1847 - Hirn associated its corpuscular-mechanical underpinning with the despiritualizing materialism he saw as dominating contemporary science. Hence although Hirn's natural philosophy embraced sentiments quite in the spirit of the conservation of energy, he never explicitly subscribed to that principle.","PeriodicalId":8086,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141905653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vector: a surprising story of space, time, and mathematical transformation 矢量：关于空间、时间和数学变换的惊奇故事

IF 0.3 3区哲学

Annals of Science Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1080/00033790.2024.2384068

Craig Fraser

引用次数: 0