Annals of clinical research最新文献_第2页

Significance of insulin receptors in the action of sulphonylurea drugs. 胰岛素受体在磺脲类药物作用中的意义。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

R Huupponen

引用次数: 0

Effects of sodium restriction and energy reduction on erythrocyte sodium transport in obese hypertensive men. 限钠减能对肥胖高血压男性红细胞钠转运的影响。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

H Herlitz, B Fagerberg, O Jonsson, T Hedner, O K Andersson, M Aurell

{"title":"Effects of sodium restriction and energy reduction on erythrocyte sodium transport in obese hypertensive men.","authors":"H Herlitz, B Fagerberg, O Jonsson, T Hedner, O K Andersson, M Aurell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Twelve moderately obese middle-aged male out-patients with untreated mild hypertension reduced their sodium intake by about 120 mmol/day during 4-6 weeks. The low sodium diet period was followed by a period of energy reduction as well as sodium restriction for 15 weeks. Mean body mass was then reduced by 7.5 +/- 1.0 kg. Intraerythrocyte sodium (IeNa), sodium influx (Na-influx) and sodium efflux rate constant (Na-efflux rate), were measured before intervention, during salt restriction and during salt and energy restriction. Plasma renin activity (PRA) and urinary excretion of aldosterone (U-Aldo) and noradrenaline (U-NA) were also determined during the three observation periods. During sodium restriction there was a significant increase in PRA and U-Aldo, but no change was seen in IeNa, Na-influx or Na-efflux rate constant. During sodium restriction there was a significant positive correlation between PRA and both Na-influx and Na-efflux rate constant. When energy reduction was combined with sodium restriction, PRA and U-NA both diminished significantly. Na-influx and Na-efflux rate also exhibited a significant decrease while IeNa did not change. Sodium restriction caused a significant fall in mean arterial blood pressure and a tendency to a further decrease was seen when energy intake was also reduced. No significant correlation could be found between the fall in blood pressure and changes in cellular sodium transport. These data indicate that the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and sympathetic activity influence the regulation of erythrocyte sodium turnover during sodium and energy restriction in obese hypertensive men.","PeriodicalId":8084,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical research","volume":"20 Suppl 48 ","pages":"61-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14377802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical activity and effects of muscle training in the elderly. 老年人的体力活动和肌肉训练的效果。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

G Grimby

{"title":"Physical activity and effects of muscle training in the elderly.","authors":"G Grimby","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"With aging, several functions related to the locomotor system will deteriorate. Still, there is a rather well-maintained adaptability for increasing physical activity and for training in the elderly with respect to strength as well as endurance. Part of the observed reduction in muscle function with age could therefore be caused by inactivity. Evidently, however, there is a reduction in muscle mass with age due to loss of motor units. Muscle strength and aerobic power will fall fairly proportionally to the reduction in muscle mass. The muscle changes are, at least up to around the age of 70, more quantitative than qualitative. There is a reduction in the size of the fast-twitch (type II) fibers in the quadriceps, but not in other muscles such as the biceps brachii, presumably due to differences in activity pattern and motor unit recruitment. Aging per se may not reduce oxidative enzymatic capacity in the skeletal muscle. There is maintained potential for increase with endurance training. Thus, as an extreme example in very well trained elderly endurance athletes, high activity of citrate synthase is found and, in connection with that, also low plasma insulin values at baseline as well as after glucose intake. Limitations to aerobic capacity besides the reduced muscle mass are mainly located in the central circulatory and respiratory systems. Comparing the oxygen cost of activities in daily living, such as walking, and the aerobic power of the elderly, suggestions will be given on the choice of training activities.","PeriodicalId":8084,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical research","volume":"20 1-2","pages":"62-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14534128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic epidemiology of plasma cholesterol. 血浆胆固醇的代谢流行病学。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

Y A Kesäniemi, T A Miettinen

引用次数: 0

Left ventricular structural and functional changes in young men at increased risk of developing essential hypertension. Assessment by echocardiography. 年轻男性患原发性高血压风险增加的左心室结构和功能改变超声心动图评估。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

J R Nielsen, H Oxhøj, J Fabricius

引用次数: 0

Comparisons of verapamil administration twice and three times daily in hypertension. 维拉帕米每日两次与每日三次治疗高血压的比较。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

P I Salmela, A Gordin, H Salo, P Ottoila, A J Jounela

引用次数: 0

Physical activity in the prevention of ischaemic heart disease. 体育活动在预防缺血性心脏病中的作用。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

W Hollmann

引用次数: 0

Comparative evaluation of serum thyroxine, free thyroxine and thyrotropin determinations in screening of thyroid function. 血清甲状腺素、游离甲状腺素和促甲状腺素测定在甲状腺功能筛查中的比较评价。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

P Nuutila, K Irjala, J Viikari, V P Prinssi, H L Kaihola

引用次数: 0

Effect of isometric exercise and autonomic blockade on the haemodynamics: a noninvasive study in healthy volunteers. 等长运动和自主神经阻断对血流动力学的影响:一项健康志愿者的无创研究。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

J Partanen, T Pellinen, M S Nieminen

{"title":"Effect of isometric exercise and autonomic blockade on the haemodynamics: a noninvasive study in healthy volunteers.","authors":"J Partanen, T Pellinen, M S Nieminen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Sixteen healthy young volunteers were studied with echocardiography and systolic time intervals at rest and after three minutes' isometric exercise before and during autonomic blockade with atropine and propranolol. Isometric exercise increased cardiac output by raising the heart rate from 64 +/- 3 to 72 +/- 4 bpm (SEM) (p less than 0.01). Mean blood pressure increased from 86 +/- 2 to 104 +/- 3 mmHg (p less than 0.001) without any changes in the calculated total peripheral vascular resistance. Afterload (left ventricular systolic wall stress) rose but preload (left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, LVEDD) did not change. There was no variation in fractional shortening, maximal velocity of circumfertial fibre shortening (VCFmax) or pre-ejection period (PEP) despite increased afterload. This indicates stimulated intropy during isometric exercise. Autonomic blockade enhanced cardiac output by increasing heart rate from 64 +/- 3 to 97 +/- 2 bpm (p less than 0.001). Mean blood pressure rose from 86 +/- 2 to 93 +/- 2 mmHg (p less than 0.01) while vascular resistance fell. Afterload did not change but LVEDD shortened form 45.5 +/- 0.9 to 43.5 +/- 0.9 mm (p less than 0.001). Preload-independent VCFmax did not increase despite raised heart rate. PEP rose from 99 +/- 4 to 107 +/- 3 ms (p less than 0.01) and fractional shortening fell from 29 +/- 1 to 25 +/- 1% (p less than 0.001); these changes were greater than expected from the reduced preload. Consequently autonomic blockade seems to impair myocardial contractility despite vagal dominance at rest. Heart rate and cardiac output were not influenced by isometric exercise during autonomic blockade.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":8084,"journal":{"name":"Annals of clinical research","volume":"20 3","pages":"169-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14325207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The sauna and pregnancy. 桑拿和怀孕。

Annals of clinical research Pub Date : 1988-01-01

K Wähä-Eskeli, R Erkkola

引用次数: 0