Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy最新文献

{"title":"Machine-learning-based prediction of energy requirements for biomass pyrolysis via compositional and operational parameters","authors":"Anber Abraheem Shlash Mohammad,&nbsp;Suleiman Ibrahim Mohammad,&nbsp;Asokan Vasudevan,&nbsp;Shaker Mohammed,&nbsp;H. Malathi,&nbsp;Rajashree Panigrahi,&nbsp;H. Jemmy Christy,&nbsp;Vimal Arora,&nbsp;Debasish Shit,&nbsp;Samim Sherzod","doi":"10.1007/s42768-026-00296-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-026-00296-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Accurate estimation of energy requirements for biomass pyrolysis is essential for designing cost‑efficient and sustainable thermochemical conversion systems. This study addresses the challenge of predicting pyrolysis energy requirement by integrating comprehensive feedstock compositional data with process operational parameters, analyzed through a machine learning (ML)‑based framework. A curated dataset of 633 experimentally validated records from peer‑reviewed publications was compiled, encompassing elemental composition (C, H, N, S, O, and ash content), biochemical composition (protein, lipid, and carbohydrate), and operational parameters. Models were trained and validated using a 9:1 split with five-fold cross‑validation to ensure robust generalization. Eight algorithms, including decision tree, adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), random forest, <i>K</i>‑nearest neighbors (KNN), ensemble learning, convolutional neural network (CNN), support vector regression (SVR), and multilayer perceptron (MLP), were optimized via hyperparameter tuning and evaluated through the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²), mean squared error (<i>E</i>_MS), and average absolute relative error (<i>E</i>_AAR). Results demonstrated that AdaBoost and random forest achieved superior generalization on unseen data (test <i>R</i>²≥0.893 and test <i>E</i>_AAR≤7.18%), with AdaBoost outperforming all standalone approaches by achieving the lowest test error rates. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis identified ash content, temperature, and elemental composition (S, O, and C) as the most influential features driving model predictions. The analysis indicated a strong negative association between high ash content and the predicted energy requirement, while higher temperatures and combustible elements exhibited a positive correlation with the model’s output. The proposed data‑driven approach offers a reliable predictive tool for energy requirement estimation, supporting informed process design, feedstock selection, and optimization strategies for industrial biomass pyrolysis.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 3","pages":"499 - 516"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Ru–Co sites for promoted hydrogen spillover in ammonia synthesis","authors":"Shengxuan Luo,&nbsp;Guorun Dai,&nbsp;Annan Hu,&nbsp;Jun Cheng,&nbsp;Yuxiang Mao,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Zhefeng Li,&nbsp;Weixin Liu,&nbsp;Rongxin Xia","doi":"10.1007/s42768-026-00292-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-026-00292-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the challenges of noble metal costs and the hydrogen poisoning of single-metal ruthenium (Ru)-based catalysts in ammonia synthesis, a RuCo bimetallic catalyst supported on CeO₂ nanorods was prepared in this work. First, a RuCoCe-BTC metal–organic framework precursor, where BTC denotes 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylate, was obtained by partially substituting Ru with the non-noble metal cobalt (Co), followed by pyrolysis to yield the RuCo/CeO₂ catalyst. The formation of Co–Ru bonds, which provided enhanced metal support interactions in this bimetallic catalyst, was confirmed by the blue shift of the Ru–O–Ce vibration peaks in the Raman bands. Compared to a single-metal Ru/CeO₂ catalyst, Co doping enhanced the generation of more oxygen vacancies and the reduction of high-valence Ru, leading to promoted hydrogen transfer on the Ru sites. The hydrogen poisoning of Ru sites was suppressed due to H* spillover to the Co sites, which was explained by the higher H₂ adsorption energy on Co sites (−0.720 eV) compared to that on Ru sites (−0.367 eV). Consequently, the RuCo/CeO₂ catalyst achieved an NH₃ synthesis rate of 21.0 mmol/(g·h) at 5 MPa and 400 °C, demonstrating better performance than the Ru/CeO₂ catalyst (18.5 mmol/(g·h)).</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 2","pages":"249 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft sensing of NOx emissions in municipal solid waste incineration using a CBAM–CNN–Transformer model","authors":"Wenjing Li,&nbsp;Zhenghui Li,&nbsp;Anli Zhou,&nbsp;Wen Liu,&nbsp;Jianghong Chen,&nbsp;Wenbo Pi,&nbsp;Zhimin Lu,&nbsp;Shunchun Yao","doi":"10.1007/s42768-026-00293-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-026-00293-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Achieving robust control of nitrogen oxide (NO_<i>x</i>) emissions in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) power generation is essential for the development of intelligent denitrification systems. Nevertheless, constructing a highly reliable prediction model remains challenging due to the dynamic non-linearity, time-variability, and strong variable coupling inherent within MSWI processes. To address these issues, this study introduces a novel soft-sensing framework that integrates a convolutional neural network (CNN), a convolutional block attention module (CBAM), and a Transformer architecture. Specifically, conditional mutual information maximization (CMIM) combined with mechanistic analysis is employed to optimize feature selection and determine appropriate input variables. Subsequently, the incorporation of CBAM into the CNN enhances deep feature extraction by adaptively emphasizing informative temporal and channel features. Finally, the Transformer component captures long-range dependencies and complements deep feature extraction, thereby improving both predictive accuracy and generalization capacity. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that the proposed model achieves superior performance, with the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) values of 0.96, 3.10 mg/m³, 2.36 mg/m³, and 4.17% on the training set and 0.91, 4.34 mg/m³, 3.32 mg/m³, and 5.89% on the test set, respectively. Overall, the model provides an effective reference for industrial soft-sensing applications and contributes valuable data support for intelligent process control.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 3","pages":"517 - 532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148926792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma gasification of agro-residues for syngas production: process optimization and system performance","authors":"Gitanjali Jothiprakash,&nbsp;Pugalendhi Sundararaju,&nbsp;Karthikeyan Subburamu,&nbsp;Sriramajayam Srinivasan,&nbsp;Paravaikkarasu Subramanian,&nbsp;Senthilarasu Sundaram,&nbsp;Ramesh Desikan","doi":"10.1007/s42768-026-00289-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-026-00289-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Syngas is one of the carbon-neutral biofuels derived from biomass through gasification that can replace fossil fuel usage. Plasma gasification performs better than conventional gasification in terms of syngas yield, quality, and the efficient cracking of heavy tar compounds. In this study, the performance evaluation of a direct current plasma torch-based gasifier (28 kW·h capacity) was tested using steam as a gasifying agent. The agro residues, viz., sunflower stalk, cashew nutshell, date palm husk, wheat straw, and tamarind pod, were chosen as feedstocks for plasma gasification. The temperature and flame length were selected as dependent variables to determine the gasification reaction, as temperature governs reaction kinetics and flame length indicates plasma heat distribution. The optimized plasma gasification conditions had three steam input ports in the plasma torch with 350 A and 20 V power inputs at a steam pressure of 150 kPa. Results revealed that the plasma gasifier showed higher efficiency (38.67%) with good syngas composition (%, volume fraction), averaging 22.27% carbon monoxide, 7.30% hydrogen, and 0.83% methane. The average specific syngas yield and higher heating value of the tested feedstock were 3.89±0.48 m³/kg and 3.95±0.30 MJ/m³, respectively. The plasma energy ratio of feedstock, energy closure, exergy efficiency, hot gas efficiency, and cold gas efficiency for the plasma gasifier correspond to average values for the tested agro residues and were found to be 0.10±0.01, 92.32%±4.71%, 29.68%±2.35%, 12.17%±0.75%, and 84.39%±5.57%, respectively. Syngas from agro residues through plasma gasification can be used to generate energy in prime movers such as internal combustion gas engines or gas turbines, owing to its favorable composition and heating value.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 3","pages":"533 - 545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42768-026-00289-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated management of urban–rural waste: dealing with collection and high moisture challenges at the Ganzhou waste incineration plant in China","authors":"Yao Xu,&nbsp;Mingyang Zhang,&nbsp;Zheyu Ma,&nbsp;Yiqing Chai,&nbsp;Zihan Fang,&nbsp;Xu Yang,&nbsp;Jiayi Lu,&nbsp;Mingzhe Li,&nbsp;Zengyi Ma","doi":"10.1007/s42768-026-00295-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-026-00295-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rural domestic waste is more scattered than municipal solid waste (MSW). It has a high proportion of agricultural waste, high moisture content, and low calorific value. Much of it has not been incorporated into the urban solid waste management system and is often simply dumped, or even openly burned, causing environmental pollution in rural areas. Establishing a unified urban–rural waste collection transportation network and coordinated incineration system with MSW incineration facilities is a method of intensive waste treatment. The entry of rural waste into MSW incineration plants brings about changes in operational parameters. This study analyzes operational data spanning 2019 to 2024 from a representative MSW incineration plant in Ganzhou City. Key performance indicators, including monthly waste intake, leachate generation, plant electricity consumption rate, and total power generation, were analyzed; the results show that an integrated urban–rural waste management system successfully overcomes the challenges of dispersed waste distribution and high disposal costs in rural areas by incorporating rural waste into the centralized waste-to-energy (WTE) system. The Ganzhou case proves that integrated urban–rural incineration with MSW incineration facilities is an effective pathway for sustainable regional waste management.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 3","pages":"585 - 597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turning debris into diesel: room-temperature synthesis of FeO6 AlO6PO4 AlPO4 integrated framework catalyst for waste plastic-to-diesel cracking","authors":"M. Shabermathi,&nbsp;Chellapandian Kannan","doi":"10.1007/s42768-025-00279-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-025-00279-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The accumulation of waste plastics in both terrestrial landfills and marine environments has escalated into a significant environmental concern. An innovative and sustainable approach is introduced by converting such refuse into valuable fuels. This study elucidates the development of Kanshablite A (FeO₆ AlO₆PO₄ AlPO₄), a novel catalyst synthesized through a straightforward sol–gel method utilizing tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) as a structuring agent. Through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, a new hybrid crystalline architecture comprising cubic (FeO₆), orthorhombic (AlO₆PO₄), and monoclinic (AlPO₄) phases was confirmed. The structural characteristics revealed a mesoporous nature with a pore diameter of 12.5 nm and a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of 188.8 m² g⁻¹, making it amenable to catalytic applications. Subsequent investigations employing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) confirmed the existence of Fe²⁺ within an octahedral coordination in the cubic FeO₆ phase, alongside notable thermal stability and well-defined porosity. Kanshablite A demonstrated remarkable catalytic performance in the degradation of polypropylene (PP) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) mixtures, achieving 100% conversion efficiency coupled with favorable selectivity for liquid hydrocarbons. The physicochemical properties of the produced liquid fuel closely resembled those of commercial diesel, characterized by either wax formation or minimal gaseous by-products and carbon residues. Owing to its distinctive structural attributes, extensive surface area, and extraordinary catalytic efficiency, Kanshablite A holds significant potential as a sustainable catalyst for the efficient transformation of waste plastics into economically valuable liquid fuels.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 3","pages":"569 - 583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148927165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key LCA data needs, life stages, and hotspot emission case study of electric versus internal combustion vehicles","authors":"Malak Anshassi,&nbsp;Hannah Sackles","doi":"10.1007/s42768-026-00290-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-026-00290-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) is often lauded as a solution to mitigate climate change, yet their environmental impacts remain a topic of ongoing debate. This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of EVs and internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles through a thorough review of existing life cycle assessment (LCA) studies and by conducting an LCA for 1 km transport of an EV, focusing on hotspot emissions, key environmental indicators, and the role of recycling offsets. A literature review of 15 studies was conducted to assess commonly reported and underrepresented indicators, followed by a detailed LCA analyzing EV use under current (2022) and projected (2032) electricity grid scenarios in Florida, USA. The findings revealed that global warming potential (GWP) was the only indicator consistently reported across all studies, while fewer examined indicators, such as water depletion, land use, and ionizing radiation, were often overlooked. Quantitatively, the LCA results indicated that EVs generated approximately 0.010–0.276 kg CO₂-eq/km, depending on the electricity grid composition and vehicle specifications. EV production, particularly battery manufacturing, was identified as a major contributor not only to GWP but also to impacts such as resource scarcity and human toxicity. Recycling offsets were found to reduce total life cycle emissions, yet many studies modeled the end-of-life (EOL) stage only in terms of waste processing, omitting these offsets. Overall, this research emphasizes the need to broaden LCAs to include underrepresented indicators and to improve life cycle inventory (LCI) transparency for more accurate and actionable sustainability assessments in the transportation sector.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 2","pages":"413 - 432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effect of agro-waste-derived carbonaceous filler in alkali-activated slag mortar: enhancing mechanical and durability properties","authors":"Balasubramanya Manjunath,&nbsp;Manu Rao,&nbsp;Subba Rao,&nbsp;Chandrasekhar Bhojaraju","doi":"10.1007/s42768-026-00285-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-026-00285-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing demand for sustainable low-carbon binders has driven interest in alkali-activated materials. This study investigates areca nut husk biochar (ANB) as a carbonaceous micro-filler in alkali-activated slag (AAS) mortar under ambient curing conditions. ANB was incorporated at 1%–5% (mass fraction) of binder to systematically evaluate its influence on workability, mechanical properties (compressive strength, flexural strength, and ultrasonic pulse velocity), and durability characteristics (electrical resistivity, water absorption, porosity, high-temperature resistance, and sulfuric acid resistance). Results demonstrated that the addition of ANB reduced workability due to increased water absorption and high cation exchange capacity. The optimum dosage of 3% ANB achieved the 28-day compressive and flexural strengths of 81.85 MPa and 9.72 MPa, representing an increase of 14.15% and 5.19% over the control mix, respectively. The water absorption and porosity were reduced by 24.40% and 30.54%, respectively, while electrical resistivity decreased by 29.96%, indicating a refined pore structure as well as enhanced compactness and conductivity. The AAS mortar retained 34.83% of its strength at 500 °C, indicating good thermal stability. Under H₂SO₄ exposure, the 3% ANB mix exhibited 0.35% mass loss and 15.31% strength loss, compared to 2.08% and 24.01% for the control mix, demonstrating superior acid resistance. Microstructural analyses confirmed the formation of C–S–H and C–(A)–S–H hydrated gels through the nucleation and filling effect of biochar, leading to matrix densification. Overall, ANB serves as a multifunctional and sustainable filler that optimizes the performance of AAS mortar and promotes the valorization of agro-waste towards next-generation carbon-efficient sustainable construction materials.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 2","pages":"341 - 365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plum pit waste biochar as a sustainable and efficient adsorbent targeting water contamination: an in-depth analysis of the impact of pyrolysis parameter changes on the adsorption mechanism","authors":"František Zažímal,&nbsp;Tomáš Lukáč,&nbsp;Adrián Bajnok,&nbsp;Lukáš Vrána,&nbsp;Aleš Stýskalík,&nbsp;Alexandra Tulipánová,&nbsp;Alexandra Paulína Drdanová,&nbsp;Andrea Vojs Staňová,&nbsp;Tomáš Mackuľak,&nbsp;Tomáš Homola,&nbsp;Zuzana Imreová","doi":"10.1007/s42768-026-00286-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-026-00286-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plum pits represent an abundant agricultural food by-product that remains largely unexploited despite their disposal costs and environmental burden. In this work, plum pit biochar was valorised as feedstock for biochar production via slow pyrolysis at temperatures of 300–800 °C. The resulting biochar samples (B-300, B-400, B-500, B-600, B-700, and B-800) were comprehensively characterized and evaluated for the adsorption parameters of methylene blue (MB) and Pb²⁺. Adsorption efficiency strongly depended on pyrolysis temperature, with the maximum removal efficiencies of MB (72.5%±9.5%) and Pb²⁺ (84.9%±8.4%) achieved by B-700 and B-800, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified the surface area, carbon-to-oxygen (C:O) ratio, and aromaticity of structure as key factors, while energy normalization highlighted 600 °C as the most sustainable pyrolysis temperature, balancing performance, yield, and energy input. Importantly, tests of the adsorption efficiency of pharmaceuticals in real wastewater effluent demonstrated the practical feasibility of the developed biochar. This study provides a detailed analysis of material properties, adsorption performance, and pollutant-removal mechanisms, alongside an evaluation of energy costs relative to removal efficiency, offering insight into the potential of plum-pit-derived biochar for wastewater treatment and sustainable waste management within a circular-economy framework.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 2","pages":"395 - 412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular utilization of Miscanthus×giganteus biomass ash to enhance soil quality and support its regrowth","authors":"Valentina Pidlisnyuk,&nbsp;Abdulmannan Rouhani,&nbsp;Andriy Herts,&nbsp;Oleksandr Kononchuk,&nbsp;Viktor Markiv,&nbsp;Oksana Horyn,&nbsp;Volodymyr Khomenchuk,&nbsp;Pavlo Shapoval","doi":"10.1007/s42768-026-00288-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42768-026-00288-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing production of biomass ash (BA) from the thermal treatment of energy crop residues necessitates sustainable strategies to reduce environmental burdens while enhancing soil fertility. Despite its potential value, significant amounts of BA are still disposed of in landfills or remain underutilized, indicating a lost opportunity for resource recovery. This study explores a circular economy approach for the valorization of <i>Miscanthus</i>×<i>giganteus</i> (<i>M</i>×<i>g</i>) BA, originating from the energy conversion of <i>M</i>×<i>g</i> biomass produced on trace element-contaminated soil, through its reintegration into the next <i>M</i>×<i>g</i> plantation cycle. Under controlled conditions, BA was applied at 1%, 3%, and 7% (mass fraction) to the soil during <i>M</i>×<i>g</i> plantation to evaluate changes in soil properties, nutrient dynamics, and plant physiological responses. BA incorporation significantly increased soil pH and electrical conductivity in line with increasing doses, while total organic carbon rose from 0.81 to 0.96 mg/kg (7% BA with <i>M</i>×<i>g</i>). However, carbon mineralization declined by 64% at the highest dose of BA. Nutrient availability was notably altered: phosphorus increased from 77 to 2167 mg/kg, and potassium increased from 6 to 460 mg/kg, while calcium decreased by 73% at 7% BA. <i>M</i>×<i>g</i> biomass production improved at 1% BA but declined at higher doses, indicating a dose-dependent physiological response. Chlorophyll content decreased with increasing BA doses, while carotenoids increased, suggesting a stress adaptation mechanism. Antioxidant activity diminished, indicating oxidative stress. Elemental uptake patterns shifted across BA levels, with stems accumulating more K and Ni and less Mg, Ca, and Mn. Silicon peaked at low doses of BA but declined at higher values; phosphorus followed a non-linear trend between tissues. The findings highlight the potential of <i>M</i>×<i>g</i> BA as a soil amendment and demonstrate a regenerative circular system that transforms a waste by-product into a valuable resource for supporting plant growth and soil quality. Optimizing application rates is essential to balance benefits with potential stress effects.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":807,"journal":{"name":"Waste Disposal & Sustainable Energy","volume":"8 2","pages":"261 - 280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42768-026-00288-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148208830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}