Trees最新文献

{"title":"Drought adaptability and growth differences of trees along an altitudinal gradient in Tianshan Mountains, China","authors":"Kailong Guo,&nbsp;Tongwen Zhang,&nbsp;Shulong Yu,&nbsp;Liulan Tian,&nbsp;Dong Guo,&nbsp;Kexiang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02752-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02752-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To identify the key climatic factors influencing the radial growth of <i>Picea schrenkiana</i> across altitudinal gradients in the Tianshan Mountains, and to assess the species’ ecological resilience and growth decline in response to extreme drought events, this study selected eight sampling sites at different elevations. Tree-ring width chronologies were developed for each site to examine the relationships between growth patterns and climatic variables. Growth decline was evaluated based on the percentage change in radial growth, while ecological resilience was quantified using resistance and resilience indices. The results indicate that drought is the primary factor limiting the growth of <i>P. schrenkiana</i>. Tree growth responses to temperature and precipitation are strongly elevation-dependent, with high-elevation populations being temperature-sensitive and low-elevation growth limited by water availability. Growth decline was widespread across the region, particularly in low-altitude areas, during 1982–1984 and 2001–2007. Ecological resilience to extreme drought varies with altitude: resistance is greatest at mid-altitudes, followed by high altitudes and then low altitudes, while recovery is greatest at low altitudes, followed by high altitudes and mid-altitudes. This study enhances our understanding of the response mechanisms of <i>P. schrenkiana</i> to climate change across diverse habitats, providing a scientific basis for predicting the impacts of future extreme climate events and informing regional forest management.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147560423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crown reduction mitigates drought effects on xylem anatomy and function in sessile oak and Norway spruce","authors":"Sergei Mikhailov,&nbsp;Janko Arsić,&nbsp;Marko Stojanović,&nbsp;Roman Plichta,&nbsp;Petr Horáček","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02756-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02756-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following extensive drought-induced tree mortality, robust regeneration material is essential to withstand the initial establishment shock and restore affected areas. Bare and exposed sites are especially vulnerable, making the identification of effective mitigation measures particularly important. We analyzed stem xylem responses of sessile oak (ring-porous) and Norway spruce (conifer) subjected to two treatments intended to enhance survival under limited water availability. Hydrogel in the substrate (H) and a 50 % crown reduction (CR) were applied to saplings exposed to contrasting water regimes during a two-year experiment. Under drought, oak showed strong anatomical acclimation: despite reduced growth, conductivity-related traits, including vessel diameter (D_H) and total vessel lumen area (TVLA), increased, while functional xylem area (F_X) remained unchanged. Spruce responded more conservatively, mainly preserving F_X. CR induced pronounced anatomical changes in oak, reducing vessel dimensions by up to 40 % and shifting xylem towards a hydraulically safer configuration, whereas H had negligible effects. In spruce, neither CR nor H produced consistent anatomical adjustments, and F_X was influenced mainly by water availability. Therefore, only CR had a clear effect in oak, resulting in safer xylem resembling that of well-watered plants. Because CR does not alleviate drought-induced growth reduction, potential trade-offs with competitive ability must be considered. These findings highlight species-specific acclimation patterns and suggest that CR may help mitigate drought stress in oak, though its effectiveness and the role of reduction intensity require further testing. Future studies should also assess the potential for long-lasting benefits of early CR and H application, including potential belowground responses.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147560304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of aboveground and belowground biomass and associated organic carbon in two olive cultivars (Arbosana and Picual) grown at high density","authors":"Milagros Torrús-Castillo,&nbsp;Gema Guzmán,&nbsp;Belén Cárceles,&nbsp;María-Auxiliadora Soriano,&nbsp;Raúl de la Rosa,&nbsp;José A. Gómez","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02760-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02760-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accurate quantification of biomass and carbon accumulation in olives is crucial for optimizing agronomic management and assessing their role to climate change mitigation. This study, developed destructive and non-destructive methodologies to quantify above- and belowground biomass and carbon content in 7.5-year-old trees of two common olive cultivars (<i>Arbosana</i> and <i>Picual)</i> under Mediterranean conditions. The approach included the removal of three whole-trees per cultivar and combined assessment of above- and belowground biomass, rarely available for olive trees. <i>Picual</i> tended to accumulate more biomass (36.5 kg tree⁻¹, on average) than <i>Arbosana</i> (27.5 kg tree⁻¹), due to a greater investment in trunk and non-primary branches, whereas <i>Arbosana</i> allocated more biomass to leaves. In both cultivars, around 60% of the root biomass was within the top 25 cm of soil, and over 55% was concentrated in the root ball. Weighted average carbon concentration was 47% in aboveground biomass and 42% in roots. At the orchard scale, soil was the main organic carbon pool, around 76 t C ha⁻¹, compared to 13–16 t C ha⁻¹ in the tree biomass. Annual carbon accumulation in olive biomass ranged from 1.68 t C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (<i>Arbosana</i>) to 2.16 t C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (<i>Picual</i>), within the range of C fixation rates in Mediterranean agroecosystems. Destructive sampling better captured cultivar differences in biomass allocation and carbon accumulation, while the non-destructive method proved suitable for large-scale use. These results support integrating biomass allocation and carbon permanence into cultivar selection and management to enhance carbon sequestration and sustainability of olive grove systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-026-02760-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147441405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-monsoon precipitation dominates the tree radial growth of Picea smithiana in the western Nepal Himalayas","authors":"Sarala Adhikari,&nbsp;Udhab Raj Khadka,&nbsp;Shalik Ram Sigdel,&nbsp;Arjun Regmi,&nbsp;Mahesh Prasad Awasthi,&nbsp;Mahendra Prasad Uprety,&nbsp;Narayan Prasad Gaire","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02758-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02758-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High mountain forest ecosystems provide valuable insights into the impacts of climate and atmospheric changes on tree growth, forest dynamics, ecosystem functioning, species composition, carbon cycling, and hydrological processes, as these regions are experiencing higher rates of warming and are particularly sensitive to climatic variations. The diverse bioclimatic environments and elevation-driven gradients in temperature and precipitation in these ecosystems make them ideal natural laboratories for studying how trees respond to a changing climate. The present study analyzed the growth-climate variability of <i>Picea smithiana</i> along an elevation (2800–3200 m) and two aspects (north and south) in Rara National Park (RNP), western, Nepal. Altogether, four chronologies of high-elevation <i>P. smithiana</i> were developed, with the oldest chronology spanning 148 years from 1873 to 2021 AD. Tree-growth at both higher and lower elevations on south and north aspects showed a significant negative correlation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) with maximum temperature (Tmax) in March and April while a significant positive correlation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) was found with precipitation of same month. Tree-growth at the lower elevation of south-east aspects (SE 3000 m) exhibited significant negative relationships with Tmax in previous year August (pAug) (<i>r</i> = − 0.31, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), November (pNov) (<i>r</i> = − 0.37, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), and December (pDec) (<i>r</i> = − 0.40, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Tree-growth of <i>P. smithiana</i> showed positive associations with scPDSI, with variation along elevation and aspect gradients. The strength of scPDSI effects were more pronounced at lower elevations and on south-east aspects compared to higher elevations and north-east aspects, highlighting the critical role of soil moisture availability for radial growth during the growing season. Seasonal and moving correlation analyses of growth-climate relationships also revealed a persistent response of tree-growth to spring (March) temperatures, points towards variations in tree growth with reduced or slow growth rates. The results offer a better understanding of the impacts of climatic change on species distribution ranges, which is essential for formulating effective forest management and conservation strategies against the adverse effects of climate change. The observed elevation and aspect-specific growth responses further indicate that continued warming and moisture stress may substantially alter the distribution patterns and growth dynamics of <i>P. smithiana</i> in the future.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147441404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations for coumarin content in bark of twenty-five accessions of true cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum J.Presl, Lauraceae) over two years","authors":"Ajit Arun Waman,&nbsp;R. Sivaranjani,&nbsp;Pooja Bohra","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02754-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02754-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <span>AbstractSection</span>\u0000 \u0000 <b><i>Key Message</i></b>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Variability is present in the seedling population of cinnamon for coumarin content and multi-season systematic selection could help in identification of low coumarin genotypes for future applications.</b></p>\u0000 \u0000 <span>AbstractSection</span>\u0000 Abstract\u0000 <p>True cinnamon has been used in the food and pharmaceutical industries since ages. Though produced mostly in the tropics, it has been quite popular in the tropical and temperate world equally. However, the world trade largely happens with different <i>Cinnamomum</i> species, which are known to contain much higher contents of coumarin (a potentially harmful compound) than the true cinnamon. Producing raw material with low coumarins could be a pragmatic step in assuring quality raw material entering the food and pharmaceutical chains. Effort was made to understand the variability among 24 accessions of true cinnamon for coumarin content over two years. Konkan Tej, a recommended variety for cultivation in the region, was used as a check for the study. Results revealed significant variability among the accessions for coumarin (below detectable limits to 270.192 mg/kg during first year; and below detectable to 398.215 during the second year of analysis). Pooled data analysis showed that seven accessions showed statistically lower coumarin content than the check (Konkan Tej). Such accessions could be promoted on large scale to obtain raw material containing naturally lower contents of coumarin. The study emphasizes upon the need of multi-season evaluation for coumarin content in cinnamon, as considerable variability exists for it. This would help the researchers in identifying the desirable genotypes for quality raw material production of this industrially important crop.</p>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147441638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic basis of wavy grain in sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.): Indications for a locus with dominant effect","authors":"Vitalina Karfik,&nbsp;Tim Lehne,&nbsp;Cornelia Bäucker,&nbsp;Volker Haag,&nbsp;Anne-Mareen E. Eisold,&nbsp;Heike Liesebach","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02753-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02753-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Wavy grain is a rare and highly valued wood characteristic that significantly increases the market price of sycamore maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i> L.) timber. However, the genetic basis of this striking trait has remained unclear. Here, the inheritance of this trait was investigated using a unique two-generation pedigree including progeny of 21 parental sycamore maple clones, several of which exhibit wavy grain. Parentage analysis based on 12 microsatellite markers enabled the reliable assignment of most of the 599 offspring to defined parental combinations in this tetraploid species. Wood structure was assessed macroscopically in 113 felled trees from a 35-year-old field trial and classified as either wavy or straight grain. The observed segregation patterns were consistent with a dominant mode of inheritance: 71% of offspring with at least one wavy-grained parent developed wavy grain, whereas none of the offspring from two straight-grained parents exhibited the trait. The occurrence of wavy grain among offspring of wavy-grained fathers and straight-grained mothers suggests genetic inheritance through the nuclear genome. Taken together, the results provide first indications for a nuclear genetic contribution to the inheritance of wavy grain in sycamore maple. Due to the limited sample size and the tetraploid genome structure, more complex inheritance patterns cannot be completely excluded. Nevertheless, these findings offer a basis for future studies aimed at elucidating the underlying mechanisms of this rare wood characteristic and may support breeding and conservation strategies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-026-02753-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147441889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between spring air temperature and frost ring formation in trembling aspen trunks in a northern boreal forest, Canada","authors":"Sayaka Takahashi,&nbsp;Erina Takahashi","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02757-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02757-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>\u0000 <b><i>Key message</i></b>\u0000 </h3><p>Key message In Canadian boreal forests, trembling aspen trees form frost rings in subzero temperatures after the high-degree days required for tree-ring formation, which coincide with a warmer spring than normal.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Analysis of traumatized tissues within a tree trunk is key to understanding the past environmental conditions in which the tree has grown. To clarify the environmental conditions that cause frost rings to form over trembling aspen (<i>Populus tremuloides</i> Michx.) tree trunk xylem, we analyzed the relationships between the patterns of frost ring occurrence and spring air temperature in the boreal forests of northwestern Canada. Transverse sections through the trunks of seven trees were collected at 1-m intervals between the ground and the treetop and observed under a light microscope. The frost ring severity was evaluated in the three principal directions: among trunk height and four directions (north, south, east, and west), and across years, comparisons were made among the seven trees, and its correlation with the air temperature was analyzed. As a result, a frost ring was formed in each of 13 years, and its severity was found to vary with the height, the direction, and the trees. Frost rings formed in response to late spring frost when the minimum temperature was ≤  − 4.4 °C and the frost duration was ≥ 4.6 h after 270 growing degree days (base 0 °C) were reached. High-severity frost rings occurred at 3- to 5-year intervals when the spring mean air temperature was unusually high. The results provide new insights into the effects of spring temperature fluctuations on the growth of <i>P. tremuloides</i> trees.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-026-02757-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147441867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional diversity in an alluvial atlantic forest","authors":"Aline Cristina Stocki,&nbsp;Joelmir Augustinho Mazon,&nbsp;Luciano Farinha Watzlawick","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02735-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02735-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p> Atlantic Forest alluvial ecosystems experience strong environmental filtering driven by seasonal flooding and hydrological variability, shaping their structure and functioning. This study investigated how leaf and demographic traits organize functional groups and structure functional diversity in an 11.5-ha urban fragment in Guarapuava, Paraná, southern Brazil. We surveyed 103 permanent plots (1.03 ha), assessing 34 species based on six traits (specific leaf area – SLA, leaf length – LL, leaf dry matter content – LDMC, leaf thickness – LT, mortality rate (M), and relative growth rate (RGR)). Functional groups were identified using Ward’s clustering and PCoA, group comparisons were tested using Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), and functional diversity was assessed with FRic, FEve, FDiv, FDis, and RaoQ indices. The community was dominated by <i>Gymnanthes klotzschiana</i>, <i>Ligustrum lucidum</i>, and <i>Matayba elaeagnoides</i>. Clustering revealed four coherent functional groups along the acquisition–conservation axis. The PCoA explained 64.64% of trait variation, highlighting the coexistence of acquisitive species (high SLA, elevated mortality) and conservative species (thicker leaves, reduced mortality), with partial overlap among groups and complementary niches. Overall, the community maintained moderate to high functional diversity (FRic = 4.62; FEve = 0.67; FDiv = 0.79; FDis = 1.33; RaoQ = 2.71). We conclude that both functional redundancy and differentiation underpin the resilience of this system under hydrological variability and anthropogenic disturbance. We propose prioritizing acquisitive species in early restoration phases and conservative ones in advanced stages to optimize resource-use efficiency and ensure long-term ecosystem stability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-026-02735-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147441866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth modeling of the crown and trunk of Handroanthus heptaphyllus and Platanus x acerifolia trees in the southern Brazilian urban forest","authors":"Jessica Batista da Mata,&nbsp;Luciene Regina Leineker,&nbsp;Rogério Bobrowski","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02745-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02745-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>\u0000 <b><i>Key message</i></b>\u0000 </h3><p>Crown diameter of <i>H. heptaphyllus</i> and <i>P. acerifolia</i> stabilizes around 40 years, reaching 15 m and 13 m respectively, and models guide spacing planning and ecosystem service estimates in urban forests.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>The growth pattern of urban trees influences both planning of urban forest composition and estimating ecosystem services, with crown diameter (CD) being the most important variable. However, there is a lack of models that relate diameter at breast height (DBH) growth to crown diameter, especially under the environmental conditions of Brazilian cities. In this study, we fitted models to estimate the temporal growth of DBH and CD for two species widely planted in southern Brazil: <i>H. heptaphyllus</i> and <i>P. acerifolia</i>. Models relating CD and DBH, DBH growth models, and CD growth curves over time were developed. The best models for estimating CD based on DBH showed the following goodness-of-fit statistics: adjusted R² = 0.56, Syx(%) = 13.42, and RMSE = 1.67 for <i>H. heptaphyllus</i>; and adjusted R² = 0.82, Syx(%) = 8.42, and RMSE = 0.89 for <i>P. acerifolia</i>. The Chapman-Richards model showed adjusted R² = 0.85 and S_yx(%) = 37.96 for <i>H. heptaphyllus</i>, and adjusted R² = 0.87 and S_yx(%) = 36.72 for <i>P. acerifolia</i>. The CD growth curves reach stabilization at around 40 years of age, with mean crown diameters of 15 m and 13 m for <i>H. heptaphyllus</i> and <i>P. acerifolia</i>, respectively. The information generated is relevant for urban forest planning and management, supporting conflict prevention with urban infrastructure and maximization of the ecosystem services provided by urban trees.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-026-02745-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147441868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tree planting in public squares in an Amazonian capital: are morphometric and ecological aspects considered for decision-making?","authors":"Hiago Felipe Cardoso Pacheco,&nbsp;Walmer Bruno da Rocha Martins,&nbsp;Julia Isabella de Matos Rodrigues,&nbsp;Joathan Cipriano Castro,&nbsp;Paula Daniele Martins Moraes,&nbsp;José Rozendo de Lima Silva,&nbsp;Marcos Alexandre Vieira Nascimento Filho,&nbsp;Lucas Lopes da Silva","doi":"10.1007/s00468-026-02734-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00468-026-02734-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>\u0000 <b><i>Key message</i></b>\u0000 </h3><p>This study highlights native species’ potential for urban landscaping in the Amazon region, prioritizing safety and ecosystem benefits.</p><h3>Abstract</h3><p>Public squares can be important elements for sustainable urban development and adaptation to climate change, for which an adequate tree composition is key. In the Amazon region, despite the high tree biodiversity, it is common to select unfitted species to compose public squares’ landscaping. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the suitability of species used for landscaping of public squares in an Amazonian state capital, based on 4 morphometric and 3 ecological features. 50 public squares were selected and inventoried, tree species were evaluated and classified according to morphometric features (crown projection, slenderness, overhang index, and coverage index), as well as ecological features (leaf habit, fruit weight, and species origin). Species were ranked from the most to the least suitable using weighted values based upon the 7 features employed. The results indicated that, within species currently in used in Belém public squares, <i>Andira inermis</i> (W.Wright) DC. (Cabbage bark) and <i>Ceiba pentandra</i> (L.) Gaertn. (Kapok tree), native to the Amazon region, were the most fitted for public squares landscaping among all the species encountered. Native species such as <i>Bertholletia excelsa</i> Bonpl. (Brazil nut) and <i>Swietenia macrophylla</i> King (Brazilian mahogany), although promising, showed limitations due to their high weighted fruits. This study highlights the need for further research on the use of native Amazonian flora in public squares, especially on its regulating and cultural ecosystem services provision in urban contexts. Additionally, it emphasizes that the implementation of some species should be discontinued due to risks to the safety of urban square visitors and possible damage to urban infrastructure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":805,"journal":{"name":"Trees","volume":"40 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00468-026-02734-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147441216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}