Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine最新文献_第10页

Differential risk of injury to child occupants by SUV size. 不同的风险伤害儿童乘员SUV的大小。

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

Michael J Kallan, Dennis R Durbin, Michael R Elliott, Kristy B Arbogast, Flaura K Winston

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of older motorcyclist crashes. 老年摩托车手碰撞事故的特点。

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

Jane Stutts, Robert Foss, Colleen Svoboda

引用次数: 0

Comparing driver frontal mortality in vehicles with redesigned and older-design front airbags. 比较重新设计和旧设计的前安全气囊车辆的驾驶员正面死亡率。

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

Elisa R Braver, Sergey Y Kyrychenko, Susan A Ferguson

{"title":"Comparing driver frontal mortality in vehicles with redesigned and older-design front airbags.","authors":"Elisa R Braver, Sergey Y Kyrychenko, Susan A Ferguson","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In 1997, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration amended its requirements for frontal crash performance under Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 208 to temporarily allow 30 mph (48 kph) sled tests with unbelted dummies as an alternative to 30 mph head-on rigid-barrier vehicle tests. This change permitted automakers to reduce airbag inflation forces so that they would be less likely to injure occupants who are close to airbags when they first deploy. Most vehicle models were sled-certified starting in model year 1998. Airbag-related deaths have decreased since 1997; however, controversy persists about whether reduced inflation forces might be decreasing protection for some occupants in high-severity frontal crashes. To examine the effects of the regulatory changes, this study computed rate ratios (RR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (95% CI) for passenger vehicle driver deaths per vehicle registration during 2000-02 at principal impact points of 12 o'clock for 1998-99 model year vehicles relative to 1997 models. Passenger vehicles included in the study had both driver and passenger front airbags, had the same essential designs during the 1997-99 model years, and had been sled-certified for drivers throughout model years 1998 and 1999. An adjustment was made for the higher annual mileage of newer vehicles. Findings were that the effect of the regulatory change varied by vehicle type. For cars, sport utility vehicles, and minivans combined, there was an 11 percent decrease in fatality risk in frontal crashes after changing to sled certification (RR=0.89; 95% CI=0.82-0.96). Among pickups, however, estimated frontal fatality risk increased 35 percent (RR=1.35; 95% CI=1.12-1.62). For a broad range of frontal crashes (11, 12, and 1 o'clock combined), the results indicated a modest net benefit of the regulatory change across all vehicle types and driver characteristics. However, the contrary finding for pickups needs to be researched further.","PeriodicalId":80490,"journal":{"name":"Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine","volume":"48 ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3217429/pdf/aam48_001.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24643229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Injury biomechanics of C2 dens fractures. C2椎弓根骨折的损伤生物力学。

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

Narayan Yoganandan, Frank Pintar, Jamie Baisden, Thomas Gennarelli, Dennis Maiman

{"title":"Injury biomechanics of C2 dens fractures.","authors":"Narayan Yoganandan, Frank Pintar, Jamie Baisden, Thomas Gennarelli, Dennis Maiman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to analyze the biomechanics of dens fractures of the second cervical vertebra in the adult population due to motor vehicle crashes. Case-by-case records from the Crash Injury Research and Engineering Network (CIREN) and National Automotive Sampling System (NASS) databases were used. Variables such as change in velocity, impact direction and body habitus were extracted. Results indicated that similarities exist in the two databases despite differences in sampling methods between the two sources (e.g., CIREN is not population based). Trauma is predominantly associated with the frontal mode of impact. Majority of injuries occur with change in velocities below current federal guideline thresholds. No specific bias exists with respect to variables such as age, height, weight, and gender. Because similar conclusions can be drawn with regard to vehicle model years, design changes during these years may have had little effect on this injury. To ameliorate trauma, emphasis should be placed on the frontal impact mode and entire adult population. Because of clinical implications in the fracture type (II being most critical) and lack of specific coding, CIREN data demonstrates the need to improve injury coding in the AIS and application in the NASS to enhance occupant safety and treatment in the field of automotive medicine.","PeriodicalId":80490,"journal":{"name":"Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine","volume":"48 ","pages":"323-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3217418/pdf/aam48_323.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24643749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

Richard Frampton, Owen Williams, Pete Thomas

引用次数: 0

Benefits of Australian Design Rule 69 (full frontal crash protection) and airbags in frontal crashes in Australia. 澳大利亚设计规则69(正面碰撞保护)和正面碰撞安全气囊的好处。

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

Michael Fitzharris, Brian Fildes, Stuart Newstead, David Logan

引用次数: 0

The injury risk to wheelchair occupants using motor vehicle transportation. 机动车辆运输对轮椅使用者的伤害风险。

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

Thomas J Songer, Shirley G Fitzgerald, Katherine A Rotko

引用次数: 0

Evaluating pregnant occupant restraints: the effect of local uterine compression on the risk of fetal injury. 评估怀孕乘员约束:局部子宫压迫对胎儿损伤风险的影响。

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

Stefan M Duma, David M Moorcroft, Joel D Stitzel, Greg G Duma

引用次数: 0

Pedestrian and pedalcyclist injury costs in the United States by age and injury severity. 在美国，行人和骑自行车者的伤害成本按年龄和伤害严重程度分列。

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

Ted R Miller, Eduard Zaloshnja, Bruce A Lawrence, Jeff Crandall, Johan Ivarsson, A Eric Finkelstein

{"title":"Pedestrian and pedalcyclist injury costs in the United States by age and injury severity.","authors":"Ted R Miller, Eduard Zaloshnja, Bruce A Lawrence, Jeff Crandall, Johan Ivarsson, A Eric Finkelstein","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This paper estimates the incidence, unit costs, and annual costs of pedestrian and pedalcycle crash injuries in the United States. It includes medical care costs, household and wage work losses, and the value of pain, suffering, and lost quality of life. The estimates are broken down by body region and severity. They rely heavily on data from the health care system. Costs of pedestrian and pedalcycle injuries in 2000 will total 40 billion dollars over the lifetimes of the injured. Most pedalcyclist injury costs and half of pedestrian injury costs do not involve motor vehicles. Youth ages 5-14 face greater annual risks when walking or driving their own pedaled vehicles than when being driven. Children under age 5 experience higher costs than their elders when injured as pedestrians. Our results suggest European and Japanese component tests used to design pedestrian injury countermeasures for motor vehicles are too narrow. Separate lower limb testing is needed for younger children. Testing for torso/vertebral column injury of adults also seems desirable.","PeriodicalId":80490,"journal":{"name":"Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine","volume":"48 ","pages":"265-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3217422/pdf/aam48_265.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24643746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Consequences and costs of lower extremity injuries. 下肢损伤的后果和成本。

Annual proceedings. Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine Pub Date : 2004-01-01

P C Dischinger, K M Read, J A Kufera, T J Kerns, C A Burch, N Jawed, S M Ho, A R Burgess

引用次数: 0