Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology最新文献

{"title":"Revolutionizing Stroke Management with Wearable Technology: A Narrative Review of Clinical Applications, Opportunities, Challenges, and the Future Path Towards Equitable Implementation.","authors":"Anand Vaishnav, Soaham Desai","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_156_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_156_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Stroke remains a leading global cause of mortality and disability, necessitating innovative approaches to address gaps in prevention, acute care, and rehabilitation. This narrative review synthesizes evidence on the transformative potential of wearable technology (WT) across the stroke care continuum and identifies critical challenges to its equitable implementation. A systematic search of PubMed/Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Scopus, and Google Scholar (up to December 2024) identified 50 studies following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-guided screening and thematic analysis. In prevention, WT facilitates primordial strategies through physical activity tracking and sleep monitoring, while in primary prevention, it enables continuous management of hypertension, atrial fibrillation (AF), diabetes, and sleep apnea. Large-scale trials, such as the Apple Heart Study, validate WT's efficacy in AF detection (84% positive predictive value), though confirmatory medical-grade testing remains essential. For acute care, WT demonstrates promise in early stroke detection through accelerometer-based algorithms and remote neurological assessments. Post-stroke rehabilitation strategies utilize wearable sensors, robotics, and virtual reality to enhance motor recovery, with exoskeletons improving gait speed and sensorimotor feedback increasing upper limb function. Despite these advances, critical barriers persist: fragmented evidence from heterogeneous studies, scarce randomized controlled trials evaluating long-term outcomes, and ethical concerns regarding data privacy and algorithmic bias. Socioeconomic disparities further limit access, particularly in low-resource settings where 70% of stroke deaths occur. To realize WT's potential, stakeholders must prioritize pragmatic trials, standardized protocols, affordable designs, and policies aligning innovation with equity. This review underscores WT's role in global stroke care and advocates for collaborative, patient-centered strategies to bridge gaps.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intersection of Autoimmunity: NMDA Positivity, Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis, and Primary CNS Angiitis in a Single Patient - A Diagnostic Challenge.","authors":"Ravi P Singh, S Rima, Seetam Kumar, Parth Lalaji, Karthik Kulanthaivelu, Anita Mahadevan, T C Yasha, Girish B Kulkarni, Subasree Ramakrishnan, Ajay Asranna, Raghavendra Kenchiah","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_147_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_147_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare NF140-Positive Nodopathy Masquerading as Fulminant Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A Diagnostic Challenge.","authors":"Manu Vincent, Aswin Mathew Thomas, B Subitha","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_249_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_249_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144186314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational and Socioeconomic Correlates of Stroke Risk Behaviors: Findings from the SPRINT INDIA Trial.","authors":"Shweta Jain Verma, Gurnoor Kaur, Arya Devi, Deepti Arora, Aneesh Dhasan, P N Sylaja, Dheeraj Khurana, Vijaya Pamidimukkala, Biman Kanti Ray, Vivek Nambiar, Sanjith Aaron, Gaurav Mittal, Sundarachary Nagarjunakonda, Aparna R Pai, Sankar Prasad Gorthi, Somasundaram Kumaravelu, Yerasu Muralidhar Reddy, Sunil Narayan, Nomal Chandra Borah, Rupjyoti Das, Girish Baburao Kulkarni, Vikram Huded, Thomas Mathew, Mv Padma Srivastava, Rohit Bhatia, Pawan Kumar Ojha, Jayanta Roy, Sherly Mary Abraham, Anand Girish Vaishnav, Arvind Sharma, Sheikh Jabeen, Abhishek Pathak, Sanjeev Kumar Bhoi, Sudhir Sharma, Sulena Sulena, Aralikatte Onkarappa Saroja, Neetu Ramrakhiani, Madhusudhan Byadarahalli Kempegowda, Mahesh Kate, Tina George, Ivy Sebastian, Meenakshi Sharma, Rupinder Dhaliwal, Rahul Huilgol, Jeyaraj D Pandian","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_933_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_933_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Secondary Prevention by Structured Semi-Interactive Stroke Prevention Package in India (SPRINT INDIA) trial was a randomized control trial that enrolled 4298 stroke patients and administered educational interventions at 31 centers across India, with the aim to reduce recurrent stroke through increased stroke knowledge. This SPRINT INDIA trial post hoc study aims to investigate the incidence of recurrent stroke, high-risk transient ischemic attack (TIA), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), death, and lifestyle behavioral factors at 1 year. In addition, it examines the relationship between patients' baseline characteristics and education levels, risk factors, and outcomes and performs subgroup analysis within the intervention and control groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to either intervention or control group through computer-based randomization on web. Intervention included stroke prevention Short Message Service messages, short-duration videos, and printed workbooks. Baseline assessments captured demographic and educational data, classifying patients into three categories: no schooling, less than high school, and high school or above. Primary outcome was a composite of recurrent stroke, high-risk TIA, ACS, and mortality at 1 year. Chi-square tests and analysis of variance were used to evaluate educational disparities across various variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention did not reduce primary outcomes at 1 year among patients with different educational levels. Higher educational group was associated with enhanced medication adherence (94.3% vs 85.4%; P < 0.001), increased physical activity (5497.91 ± 4117.7 vs 6169.91±4828.8; P < 0.001), lower triglyceride levels, and decreased engagement in behavioral risk factors like alcohol intake (5.1% vs 6.8%; P = 0.013) and tobacco use (smoked and chewed) (4% vs 7.9%; P < 0.001 and 5.8% vs 11.6%; P = 0.020).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Personalized secondary stroke prevention, tailored to educational levels, is crucial for effective stroke management.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden Culprit: Middle Cerebral Artery Fenestration as an Overlooked Cause of Stroke in a 4 Year Old.","authors":"Pallav Bhatter, Vipul Gupta, Pallav Kumar, Dusa Srinivas Rao, Ujjwal Agarwal, Rajsrinivas Parthasarathy","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_1088_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_1088_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"471-473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Variant in C19orf12 Gene Causing Mitochondrial Membrane Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration (MPAN) - Case Report and a Brief Review of Indian Literature on MPAN.","authors":"Jayaram Saibaba, Sandeep Sibi, Deepak Amalnath, Dharanipragada Krishna Suri Subrahmanyam","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_939_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_939_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"450-452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Restless Legs Syndrome: An Unusual Initial Non-motor Manifestation of Huntington's Disease.","authors":"Monika Shailesh, Nayana Bhuyan, Niraj Kumar Srivastava, Anand Kumar, Varun Kumar Singh, Niraj Kumar, Deepika Joshi","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_1027_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_1027_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"453-454"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144155946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous Methylprednisolone in Guillain-Barré syndrome: The Way to Go Further.","authors":"José Berciano","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_356_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_356_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"455-457"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144224086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Tracing the Lead\" - Lead Encephalopathy Mimicking Autoimmune Encephalitis.","authors":"N Manuraj, Asish Vijayaraghavan, Soumya Sundaram, Sajith Sukumaran","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_902_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_902_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"461-463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192375/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142943177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Community-Based Screening Tool for Childhood Epilepsy: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the INDT-EPI Tool in Punjabi-Speaking Indian Population.","authors":"Rajni Sharma, Sulena Sulena, Gagandeep Singh, Khushboo Bhagat, Tanvi Kiran, Abhay Partap Maurya, Sandeep Negi, Marami Das, Shikha Jain, Hobinder Arora, Sujiv Akkilagunta, Mehzabin Haider Hazarika, Jitendra Kumar Sahu","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_1060_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_1060_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Early diagnosis of epilepsy is crucial for improving outcomes. However, access to specialized healthcare remains a challenge in many regions. This study aimed to adapt and validate the International Clinical Epidemiology Network Diagnostic Tool for Epilepsy (INDT-EPI) for screening childhood epilepsy in the Punjabi-speaking Indian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among parents of children aged 1-18 years. The INDT-EPI tool was translated into Punjabi, back-translated, and pilot-tested. Psychometric properties, including internal consistency, were assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Test-retest reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson correlation. Split-half reliability was evaluated using Spearman-Brown prophecy correlation coefficients. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing the findings of the INDT-EPI tool with clinical diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Punjabi version of the INDT-EPI tool demonstrated excellent cross-language concordance and robust psychometric properties. The tool's internal consistency, as measured by Cronbach's alpha, ranged from 0.904 to 1.000, indicating strong consistency across items. Test-retest reliability, assessed using ICC, ranged from 0.88 to 1.00, signifying excellent reliability. The Punjabi version of the INDT-EPI tool exhibited a high sensitivity of 86.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 79.2%-93.9%) and specificity of 87.1% (95% CI: 75.3%-98.9%). These findings suggest that the tool is a reliable and effective screening instrument for identifying children with epilepsy in Punjabi-speaking communities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Punjabi version of the INDT-EPI tool is a reliable and consistent instrument for diagnosing epilepsy in children. Its excellent psychometric properties make it suitable for non-specialist healthcare providers. By enabling early diagnosis, it can improve patient outcomes and address the need for effective epilepsy diagnosis where specialized resources are scarce.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":"28 3","pages":"414-421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12192373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144293234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}