Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology最新文献

{"title":"A Comparison of Transnasal Versus Ultrasound-Guided Suprazygomatic Approaches for Sphenopalatine Ganglion Blocks in Persistent Idiopathic Facial Pain.","authors":"Ezgi Can, Ömer T Akkaya","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_713_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_713_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The majority of patients with persistent idiopathic facial pain (PIFP) do not respond to conservative treatment and thus require alternative therapeutic modalities. This study compared the effects of transnasal and ultrasound (US)-guided suprazygomatic approaches for sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) block on pain management in refractory PIFP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 38 patients with PIFP who underwent transnasal (Group T, n = 18) and US-guided suprazygomatic (Group U, n = 20) SPG block. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Head Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) were used to assess therapeutic efficacy. Clinical evaluations were performed according to the scores recorded at baseline, 1 h, 1 week, and 4 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Transnasal and US-guided suprazygomatic SPG blocks in patients with PIFP provided effective and successful treatment results between groups at 1 h, 1 week, and 4 weeks compared to baseline ( P < 0.001). However, when NRS scores were compared at 1 h and 4 weeks, the US-guided suprazygomatic block provided significantly better pain relief ( P = 0.041 and P = 0.030, respectively). No adverse effects were observed, except transient facial paresthesia described in two patients in Group U.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This retrospective study concluded that US-guided suprazygomatic SPG block can provide effective pain relief in PIFP patients at 4-week follow-up. This method can be regarded as an alternative treatment option, given that it is both safe and simple to apply.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscle MRI Pattern in Dysferlinopathy and its Correlation with Dysferlin Gait.","authors":"Tanushree Chawla, Dipti Baskar, Kiran Polavarapu, Veeramani Preethish-Kumar, Saraswati Nashi, Seena Vengalil, Karthik Kulanthaivelu, Jitender Saini, Akshata Huddar, Gopikrishnan Unnikrishnan, Bevinahalli Nanjegowda Nandeesh, Atchayaram Nalini","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_987_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_987_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in dysferlinopathy has consistently demonstrated a particular pattern of affliction. We aimed to study muscle MRI characteristics of lower limbs in limb girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD)-R2 phenotypes and correlate them with the gait pattern.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty genetically and/or biopsy-proven cases of dysferlinopathy underwent muscle MRI of the lower limbs. The pattern and extent of fatty infiltration and edema were recorded. Spearman's correlation analysis was used to find the correlation between muscle involvement and demographics, duration of illness, Muscular Dystrophy Functional Rating Scale (MDFRS), genotype, and gait pattern.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age at onset and duration of illness at evaluation were 21.5 ± 6.3 years and 7.15 ± 4.95 years, respectively. Male: Female of patients was 2:1. Long head of biceps femoris was most severely involved with relative sparing of short head. Specific MRI pattern was noted based on phenotype, though no genotypic correlation was observed. Adductor magnus and semimembranosus were more severely involved in LGMD and proximodistal (PD) forms compared to Miyoshi muscular dystrophy type 1 phenotype. In addition, tibialis posterior and extensor hallucis longus were more severely involved in PD compared to MM and LGMD phenotypes. MDFRS mobility domain and duration of illness correlated with MRI findings. Gait pattern analysis revealed more severe involvement of flexor hallucis longus compared to extensor hallucis longus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Muscle involvement differed based on the phenotype. Characteristic great toe extension in PD phenotype showed an imaging correlation with more severe involvement of flexor hallucis longus compared to extensor hallucis longus. Thus, imaging can be a potential biomarker to study the evolution and severity of disease in dysferlinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"182-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Isoniazid-Induced Cerebellitis in Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Ramakrishna Ganapathiwar, Aumir Moin, Srinivas Nalloor, K Shraddha Kedlaya","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_741_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_741_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"289-291"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Case of Bilateral Posterior Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) with Double Canal Switch and Canal Jam Following Treatment with Epley Maneuver.","authors":"Ajay K Vats, Andrea Castellucci, Sudhir Kothari, Shreya Vats, Priyanka Minocha","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_944_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_944_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"301-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield of Genetic Testing in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder - A Single-Center Experience.","authors":"Kriti Arora, Minakshi Balwani, Akash Wakchaure, Gouri R Passi","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_724_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_724_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Identifying genetic etiologies is an important consideration in the comprehensive management of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic yield of genetic tests in ASD. This retrospective descriptive study evaluated and compared the diagnostic yield of genetic tests in patients with ASD in a teaching hospital from Central India between 2018 and 2023. Fifty-four patients were tested. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were identified in 13 (24.07%) patients. Yield of whole exome sequencing (WES), 12/27 (44.49%), was more than that of chromosomal microarray (CMA) 1/30 (3.3%) ( P < 0.05). Fragile-X gene mutation was detected in 0/14 patients tested. Patients with motor delay and hand stereotypes were more likely to have pathogenic variants on WES. The most common pathogenic gene identified was the MECP2 gene (5/12, 41.66%). Genetic abnormalities were identified in 24.07% of children with ASD. WES had higher diagnostic yield than CMA.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"253-256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Proatlantal Intersegmental Artery Type I with Vertebrobasilar Stroke: A Rare Case with Successful Angioplasty and Stenting.","authors":"Shubhamoy Gantait, Vikram Huded, Tanaya Mishra, S Anush Rangarajan, Girish Gadre","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_917_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_917_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proatlantal intersegmental artery (PAIA) is an extremely rare, persistent carotid-vertebral anastomosis and is generally diagnosed by imaging done for other unrelated disorders. We present a case of bilateral type I PAIA, where the patient presented with vertebrobasilar stroke and cerebral catheter angiogram was done as part of the diagnostic protocol. Significant stenosis was found at the distal portion of the left PAIA. It was successfully treated by angioplasty and stenting.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"273-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous Methylprednisolone in Guillain-Barré Syndrome: The Way Forward.","authors":"Kameshwar Prasad, Benedict D Michael, Debashish Chowdhury","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_113_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_113_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":"28 2","pages":"180-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gain of Function Presenting as Creative Skills in Patients with Progressive Cognitive Dysfunction and their fMRI Correlates: A Descriptive Study.","authors":"Safwan Ahmed, Chandra Ratnaswami Sadanandavalli, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Subasree Ramakrishnan, Jamuna Rajeswaran, Mariamma Philip, Rajnish Kumar Gupta, Indupriya Babu","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_727_24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aian.aian_727_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Patients with neurodegenerative disorders generally lose their acquired cognitive skills. However, a few of our patients showed creative skills in new areas, and we tried to evaluate a possible neural substrate for this phenomenon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who attended the memory clinic of National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences between December 2016 and September 2018 were screened as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All mandatory investigations including complete neuropsychology workup were done. The Creativity Styles Questionnaire and Temperament and character inventory-Revised (TCI-R) were used to assess creativity. Magnetic resonance imaging, voxel-based morphometry, and resting-state fMRI were done and the results analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A group of previously non-creative patients showed creative skills in the face of neurodegenerative disorder. Out of 110 patients, 10 patients could be called creative. As the disease worsened, creativity was lost. These persons showed enhanced volume in the non-dominant angular gyrus, and its faciliatory connectivity to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and inferior parietal lobe was seen. Paradoxically, creativity seems to emerge in some patients with major cognitive disorders and it disappears as the disease progresses. Creative domain varies from person to person, and the longest preserved domain is music. The fMRI findings suggest that the enhanced areas may play a role in sustaining creativity even in patients with degenerative diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although case reports of creative skills in patients with major cognitive disorders exist, a complete workup of the neural basis has not been conducted so far. Higher volume in the non-dominant regions with relatively preserved language domain could be dysfunctional plasticity causing disinhibition of the innate creative skills when frontal lobe functions decline.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":"28 2","pages":"205-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Profile of High-Altitude Cerebral Edema: A Case Series.","authors":"Manish Bhartiya, Jatinder Kumar, Rahil Arora, Ankush Dhiman","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_921_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_921_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a severe form of altitude sickness characterized by headache, ataxia, and altered consciousness. This study aims to describe the clinical features, radiological findings, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with HACE. This study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in northeastern India. Eleven consecutive patients diagnosed with HACE based on clinical criteria were included. Clinical data, demographics, radiological findings, and outcome were collected. All 11 patients were young males. Headache was the most common symptom, followed by ataxia. Uncommon findings included retinal hemorrhages in two patients. Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum were present in two patients, while one had micro-hemorrhages in the splenium. All the patients had a good outcome. HACE is a rare but serious condition that requires early recognition and treatment. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, and radiological findings may be normal in some cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"257-261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049205/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organizing Pneumonia and Immunomediated Colitis Associated with Ocrelizumab Treatment.","authors":"Daniel A García-Estévez, Coral Tejido-Sandoval, Montserrat Díaz-Gutiérrez, Clara González-Núñez, Elena Otero-Gutiérrez, Lidia Santos-López","doi":"10.4103/aian.aian_608_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/aian.aian_608_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8036,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"276-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}