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Annual review of genetics最新文献

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Müller Glial Cell-Dependent Regeneration of the Retina in Zebrafish and Mice. 斑马鱼和小鼠视网膜的缪勒神经胶质细胞再生
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102000
Jonathan Jui, Daniel Goldman
{"title":"Müller Glial Cell-Dependent Regeneration of the Retina in Zebrafish and Mice.","authors":"Jonathan Jui, Daniel Goldman","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102000","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sight is one of our most precious senses. People fear losing their sight more than any other disability. Thus, restoring sight to the blind is an important goal of vision scientists. Proregenerative species, such as zebrafish, provide a system for studying endogenous mechanisms underlying retina regeneration. Nonregenerative species, such as mice, provide a system for testing strategies for stimulating retina regeneration. Key to retina regeneration in zebrafish and mice is the Müller glial cell, a malleable cell type that is amenable to a variety of regenerative strategies. Here, we review cellular and molecular mechanisms used by zebrafish to regenerate a retina, as well as the application of these mechanisms, and other strategies to stimulate retina regeneration in mice. Although our focus is on Müller glia (MG), niche components and their impact on MG reprogramming are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"67-90"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141320368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Pathogens. 病原体的表型异质性
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102459
Jessica Sherry, E Hesper Rego
{"title":"Phenotypic Heterogeneity in Pathogens.","authors":"Jessica Sherry, E Hesper Rego","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102459","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pathogen diversity within an infected organism has traditionally been explored through the lens of genetic heterogeneity. Hallmark studies have characterized how genetic diversity within pathogen subpopulations contributes to treatment escape and infectious disease progression. However, recent studies have begun to reveal the mechanisms by which phenotypic heterogeneity is established within genetically identical populations of invading pathogens. Furthermore, exciting new work highlights how these phenotypically heterogeneous subpopulations contribute to a pathogen population better equipped to handle the complex and fluctuating environment of a host organism. In this review, we focus on how bacterial pathogens, including <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>, establish and maintain phenotypic heterogeneity, and we explore recent work demonstrating causative links between this heterogeneity and infection outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"183-209"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141858886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Genetic Bridge Between Medicine and Neurodiversity for Autism. 自闭症医学与神经多样性之间的基因桥梁。
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102614
Claire S Leblond, Thomas Rolland, Eli Barthome, Zakaria Mougin, Mathis Fleury, Christine Ecker, Stéf Bonnot-Briey, Freddy Cliquet, Anne-Claude Tabet, Anna Maruani, Boris Chaumette, Jonathan Green, Richard Delorme, Thomas Bourgeron
{"title":"A Genetic Bridge Between Medicine and Neurodiversity for Autism.","authors":"Claire S Leblond, Thomas Rolland, Eli Barthome, Zakaria Mougin, Mathis Fleury, Christine Ecker, Stéf Bonnot-Briey, Freddy Cliquet, Anne-Claude Tabet, Anna Maruani, Boris Chaumette, Jonathan Green, Richard Delorme, Thomas Bourgeron","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102614","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism represents a large spectrum of diverse individuals with varying underlying genetic architectures and needs. For some individuals, a single de novo or ultrarare genetic variant has a large effect on the intensity of specific dimensions of the phenotype, while, for others, a combination of thousands of variants commonly found in the general population are involved. The variants with large impact are found in up to 30% of autistic individuals presenting with intellectual disability, significant speech delay, motor delay, and/or seizures. The common variants are shared with those found in individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, major depressive disorders, greater educational attainment, and higher cognitive performance, suggesting overlapping genetic architectures. The genetic variants modulate the function of chromatin remodeling and synaptic proteins that influence the connectivity of neuronal circuits and, in interaction with the environment of each individual, the subsequent cognitive and personal trajectory of the child. Overall, this genetic heterogeneity mirrors the phenotypic diversity of autistic individuals and provides a helpful bridge between biomedical and neurodiversity perspectives. We propose that participative and multidisciplinary research should use this information to understand better the assessment, treatments, and accommodations that individuals with autism and families need.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":"58 1","pages":"487-512"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biological Roles of Local Protein Synthesis in Axons: A Journey of Discovery. 轴突中局部蛋白质合成的生物学作用：发现之旅
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-072220-030822
Christine E Holt
{"title":"Biological Roles of Local Protein Synthesis in Axons: A Journey of Discovery.","authors":"Christine E Holt","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-072220-030822","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-072220-030822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The remit of this review is to give an autobiographical account of our discovery of the role of local protein synthesis in axon guidance. The paper reporting our initial findings was published in 2001. Here, I describe some of the work that led to this publication, the skepticism our findings initially received, and the subsequent exciting years of follow-up work that helped gradually to convince the neuroscience community of the existence and functional importance of local protein synthesis in multiple aspects of axon biology-guidance, branching, synaptogenesis, and maintenance. The journey has been an exhilarating one, taking me into a new field of RNA biology, with many unexpected twists and turns. In retelling it here, I have tried to recall the major influences on my thinking at the time rather than give a comprehensive review, and I apologize for any omissions due to my own ignorance during that era.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141911498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Nature and Nurture of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Signaling. 细胞外囊泡介导的信号传导的性质和发展。
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102725
Amy H Buck, Esther N M Nolte-'t Hoen
{"title":"The Nature and Nurture of Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Signaling.","authors":"Amy H Buck, Esther N M Nolte-'t Hoen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102725","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last decade, it has become clear that extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a ubiquitous component of living systems. These small membrane-enclosed particles can confer diverse functions to the cells that release, capture, or coexist with them in an environment. We use examples across living systems to produce a conceptual framework that classifies three modes by which EVs exert functions: (<i>a</i>) EV release that serves a function for producing cells, (<i>b</i>) EV modification of the extracellular environment, and (<i>c</i>) EV interactions with, and alteration of, receiving cells. We provide an overview of the inherent properties of EVs (i.e., their nature) as well as factors in the environment and receiving cell (i.e., nurture) that determine whether transmission of EV cargo leads to functional cellular responses. This review broadens the context for ruminating on EV functions and highlights the emergent properties of EVs that define their role in biology and will shape their applications in medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"409-432"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142131581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Apoptotic and Nonapoptotic Cell Death in Caenorhabditis elegans Development. 草履虫发育过程中的细胞凋亡与非凋亡
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102051
Lauren Bayer Horowitz, Shai Shaham
{"title":"Apoptotic and Nonapoptotic Cell Death in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Development.","authors":"Lauren Bayer Horowitz, Shai Shaham","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102051","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Programmed cell death (PCD) is an essential component of animal development, and aberrant cell death underlies many disorders. Understanding mechanisms that govern PCD during development can provide insight into cell death programs that are disrupted in disease. Key steps mediating apoptosis, a highly conserved cell death program employing caspase proteases, were first uncovered in the nematode <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>, a powerful model system for PCD research. Recent studies in <i>C. elegans</i> also unearthed conserved nonapoptotic caspase-independent cell death programs that function during development. Here, we discuss recent advances in understanding cell death during <i>C. elegans</i> development. We review insights expanding the molecular palette behind the execution of apoptotic and nonapoptotic cell death, as well as new discoveries revealing the mechanistic underpinnings of dying cell engulfment and clearance. A number of open questions are also discussed that will continue to propel the field over the coming years.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"113-134"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141490586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recombination Rate Variation in Social Insects: An Adaptive Perspective. 社会性昆虫的重组率变异：适应性视角。
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102550
Timothy J DeLory, Jonathan Romiguier, Olav Rueppell, Karen M Kapheim
{"title":"Recombination Rate Variation in Social Insects: An Adaptive Perspective.","authors":"Timothy J DeLory, Jonathan Romiguier, Olav Rueppell, Karen M Kapheim","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102550","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social insects have the highest rates of meiotic recombination among Metazoa, but there is considerable variation within the Hymenoptera. We synthesize the literature to investigate several hypotheses for these elevated recombination rates. We reexamine the long-standing Red Queen hypothesis, considering how social aspects of immunity could lead to increases in recombination. We examine the possibility of positive feedback between gene duplication and recombination rate in the context of caste specialization. We introduce a novel hypothesis that recombination rate may be driven up by direct selection on recombination activity in response to increases in lifespan. Finally, we find that the role of population size in recombination rate evolution remains opaque, despite the long-standing popularity of this hypothesis. Moreover, our review emphasizes how the varied life histories of social insect species provide an effective framework for advancing a broader understanding of adaptively driven variation in recombination rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":" ","pages":"159-181"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141578834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Developmental and Genetic Aspects of Desert Crops. 沙漠作物的发育和遗传方面。
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102338
Wouter Smet, Ikram Blilou
{"title":"Developmental and Genetic Aspects of Desert Crops.","authors":"Wouter Smet, Ikram Blilou","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102338","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Deserts are hostile environments to plant life due to exposure to abiotic stresses, including high temperature, heat, high light, low water availability, and poor soil quality. Desert plants have evolved to cope with these stresses, and for thousands of years humans have used these plants as sources of food, fiber, and medicine. Due to desertification, the amount of arable land is reduced every year; hence, the usage of these species as substitutes for some crops might become one of the solutions for food production and land remediation. Additionally, increasing our understanding of how these plants have adapted to their environment could aid in the generation of more resistant staple crops. In this review, we examine three desert plant species and discuss their developmental aspects, physiological adaptations, and genetic diversity and the related genomic resources available to date. We also address major environmental challenges and threats faced by these species as well as their potential use for improving food security through stimulating stress resistance in crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":"58 1","pages":"91-112"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Meiotic Drive and Speciation. 减数分裂驱动与物种繁衍
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102603
Jeremy B Searle, Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena
{"title":"Meiotic Drive and Speciation.","authors":"Jeremy B Searle, Fernando Pardo-Manuel de Villena","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102603","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meiotic drive is the biased transmission of alleles from heterozygotes, contrary to Mendel's laws, and reflects intragenomic conflict rather than organism-level Darwinian selection. Theory has been developed as to how centromeric properties can promote female meiotic drive and how conflict between the X and Y chromosomes in males can promote male meiotic drive. There are empirical data that fit both the centromere drive and sex chromosome drive models. Sex chromosome drive may have relevance to speciation through the buildup of Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities involving drive and suppressor systems, studied particularly in <i>Drosophila</i>. Centromere drive may promote fixation of chromosomal rearrangements involving the centromere, and those fixed rearrangements may contribute to reproductive isolation, studied particularly in the house mouse. Genome-wide tests suggest that meiotic drive promotes allele fixation with regularity, and those studying the genomics of speciation need to be aware of the potential impact of such fixations on reproductive isolation. New species can originate in many different ways (including multiple factors acting together), and a substantial body of work on meiotic drive point to it being one of the processes involved.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":"58 1","pages":"341-363"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From Mammals to Insects: Exploring the Genetic and Neural Basis of Eating Behavior. 从哺乳动物到昆虫：探索进食行为的遗传和神经基础。
IF 8.7 1区 生物学
Annual review of genetics Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102202
Deepthi Mahishi, Naman Agrawal, Wenshuai Jiang, Nilay Yapici
{"title":"From Mammals to Insects: Exploring the Genetic and Neural Basis of Eating Behavior.","authors":"Deepthi Mahishi, Naman Agrawal, Wenshuai Jiang, Nilay Yapici","doi":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102202","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity and anorexia are life-threatening diseases that are still poorly understood at the genetic and neuronal levels. Patients suffering from these conditions experience disrupted regulation of food consumption, leading to extreme weight gain or loss and, in severe situations, death from metabolic dysfunction. Despite the development of various behavioral and pharmacological interventions, current treatments often yield limited and short-lived success. To address this, a deeper understanding of the genetic and neural mechanisms underlying food perception and appetite regulation is essential for identifying new drug targets and developing more effective treatment methods. This review summarizes the progress of past research in understanding the genetic and neural mechanisms controlling food consumption and appetite regulation, focusing on two key model organisms: the fruit fly <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and the mouse <i>Mus musculus</i>. These studies investigate how the brain senses energy and nutrient deficiency, how sensory signals trigger appetitive behaviors, and how food intake is regulated through interconnected neural circuits in the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":8035,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of genetics","volume":"58 1","pages":"455-485"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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