Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine最新文献

{"title":"[Healing power--An art of natural healing of people or yet only by natural therapy?].","authors":"D Melchart","doi":"10.1159/000082812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000082812","url":null,"abstract":"Das medizinische Anwendungsgebiet der Naturheilverfahren ist in Deutschland nur in der Ausund Weiterbildungsordnung der Humanmedizin verankert. Eine Positionierung als Naturheilkunde fehlt. Dies hat «binnenstrukturelle» Hintergründe. Einerseits gibt es einen eklatanten Mangel an universitärer Forschungsentwicklung und Forschungsförderung für Fragen der Selbstheilung und andererseits definieren sich bis heute die einzelnen Vertreter der verschiedenen Verfahrensrichtungen selbstständig kompetitiv über ihre Einzelmethoden. Dies gilt insbesondere für den Bereich der Ausund Weiterbildung und hinsichtlich der Forderung nach eigenständigen (TCM, Homöopathie, Manuelle Medizin, KneippTherapie usw.), und nicht gemeinsamen Lehrstühlen mit der Fachbezeichnung Naturheilkunde innerhalb der deutschen Universitäten. In der medizinisch-praktischen Durchführung gilt diese methodische und politisch motivierte strenge Trennung nicht, und der Methodenmix wird in den einschlägigen Praxen und Kliniken mit der Notwendigkeit multimodaler Strategieprinzipien begründet. Primär zeichnen für diese Entwicklung die jeweiligen Fachgesellschaften mit ihrem teilweise sehr ausgeprägten Methodenegozentrismus verantwortlich. Bei den klassischen Naturheilverfahren sind es insbesondere die klinischen Vertreter und neuerdings auch (mehr unbewusst als bewusst) die Lehrbeauftragten an den Hochschulen, die in der Ausbildung die starke Überbetonung der physikalischen Methoden weiter fördern. Dies liegt darin begründet, dass an den meisten Hochschulstandorten keine physikalische Medizin als Lehrstuhlstruktur existiert und dass medizinische Ausbildung (im sog. Querschnittsfach 12 der neuen Ausbildungsordnung für Ärzte) mit der physikalischen Medizin und der Rehabilitation von den Naturheil«kundlern» gleich mit abgedeckt wird! Obwohl seit Jahren erkennbar ist, dass diese überholte Überbetonung physikalischer Verfahren in der Ausund Weiterbildungsordnung nicht im Interesse der Mehrzahl der niedergelassenen Kollegen – und damit der eigentlichen NHVEigner – liegt und dass diese methodische Schwerpunktbildung hochschulpolitisch (da eigene Hochschulvertreter) nicht sinnvoll ist, wird hier eine falsche stationär-klinische Betonung auf Kosten einer sinnvollen Fortentwicklung einer ambulanten und auf der häuslichen Selbstanwendung basierenden Naturheilkunde betrieben. Dieses betonte Festhalten der klassischen Naturheilverfahren an genuinen Wirkfaktoren fördert weder ein gemeinsames systemisches Verständnis eines Konzepts von Selbstheilung und psycho-physiologischer Autoregulation, noch wird die Anleitung zu gesundheitsförderndem Verhalten und die Förderung der Selbstkompetenz und Selbstverantwortung als gemeinsame Basis erkannt (besonders wenn die bestehende Stundenzahl der Ordnungstherapie in der NHV-Weiterbildung noch weiter durch die BÄK abgesenkt werden soll). Und noch eine weitere Konsequenz zeigt diese fehlende Gemeinsamkeit in der «Kunde von der natürlichen Heilkraft», nämlich die zunehmende «","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 6","pages":"324-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000082812","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25035366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of endogenous opioids in the placebo effect in post-traumatic stress disorder.","authors":"L Sher","doi":"10.1159/000082817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000082817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of the placebo effect has received a considerable attention over the past several decades. The placebo effect has been observed in different psychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a chronic and severe disorder precipitated by exposure to a psychologically distressing event. The placebo response rates in patients with PTSD range from 19% to 62%. A considerable number of research publications suggest that endogenous opioids are involved in the mechanisms of the placebo effect. Endogenous opioid peptides play an important role in stress response and in the pathophysiology of PTSD. Therefore, endogenous opioids may be involved in the neurobiology of the placebo effect in PTSD. Possibly, the endogenous opioid system mediates the effect of placebo on all 3 PTSD symptom clusters (re-experiencing symptoms, avoidance and numbing, and physiologic arousal). The placebo effect-related activation of the endogenous opioid system may result in an improvement in intrusive symptomatology and symptoms of increased arousal because the administration of exogenous opioids improve these symptoms. The placebo effect-related activation of the endogenous opioid system may have a mood-enhancing effect, and, consequently, diminish avoidance and numbing. Multiple neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine pathways may be involved in the mechanisms of the placebo effect in PTSD. Further studies of the neurobiology of the placebo effect on patients with PTSD and other psychiatric disorders may produce interesting and important results.</p>","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 6","pages":"354-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000082817","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25035297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pilot study for the development of a questionnaire for the measuring of the patients' attitude towards spirituality and religiosity and their coping with disease(SpREUK)].","authors":"T Ostermann,&nbsp;A Büssing,&nbsp;P F Matthiessen","doi":"10.1159/000082816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000082816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Life-threatening diseases are the standard situations which confront patients with spirituality and religiosity. Although both are wellknown factors in disease coping, their measurability and operationability remains a basic problem due to the variety of different meanings and interpretations of these terms. In this paper we describe the development of a questionnaire for the measuring of the patients' attitudes towards spirituality and religiosity and their disease coping (SpREUK).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>For a first evaluation, 129 patients with a mean age of 54 years (SD 14.3) completed the questionnaire. 67% of them were women. 76% had a Christian denomination, 19% no denomination, and only 4% reported other religious traditions. 45% of the patients suffered from cancer, 18% from multiple sclerosis, 22% from other chronic diseases, and 15% from acute diseases. The questionnaire comprises 29 five-stage likert-scaled items. Apart from a descriptive analysis of the single items, reliability (Cronbach's alpha) and validity analysis (factor analysis) of the questionnaire was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Factor analysis resulted in four dimensions: (1) 'Search for meaningful support', (2) 'Guidance, control and message of disease', (A) 'Support in relations with the external through spirituality/religiosity', and (B) 'Stabilization of the inner condition through spirituality/religiosity'. The reliability of the four scales of the SpREUK questionnaire is high: Cronbach's alpha 0.82, 0.62, 0.89, resp. 0.74. Women had significantly higher SpREUK scores for scales 1 and 2 than male patients. Non-denominational patients had significantly lower scores in all four scales than those with a Christian denomination. The scores did not correlate with disease or duration of disease; however, there might be a positive correlation between age and the score of scale 2.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The impact of spirituality and religiosity on the course of disease, coping skills, and health-related quality of life is broadly discussed not only in complementary medicine. With the SpREUK questionnaire we present a reliable and valid instrument to measure the patients' search for meaningful support through spirituality/religiosity in terms of disease coping and health restoration. Further evaluation of this instrument is planned with a focus on hospitals which are affiliated with a specific denomination, as a reasonable extension of quality management and concept development.</p>","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 6","pages":"346-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000082816","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25035296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Acupuncture in the treatment of pain--hypothesis to adaptive effects].","authors":"M Bäcker,&nbsp;I K Gareus,&nbsp;N T M Knoblauch,&nbsp;A Michalsen,&nbsp;G J Dobos","doi":"10.1159/000082815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000082815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A basic principle in conventional pain therapy is that the treatment should be tailored to the pathological mechanism of the disease. This is based on the knowledge of the effector mechanisms of the applied treatment modalities. Although for acupuncture the mode of action still remains elusive in many parts, evidence about its mechanisms in pain treatment is growing. A better understanding of the hypalgesic effects of acupuncture might lead to a more differentiated and mechanism guided application. The aim of this article is to evaluate the scientific data about the neurobiological mechanisms of acupuncture in the treatment of pain. Data are critically evaluated regarding their relevance for clinical practice. Possible mechanisms are differentiated in local and systemic effects and the question of point specificity is discussed. Additionally a comprehensive hypothesis is set up for the long-term effects of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic pain. In this context acupuncture is considered as a mode of repetitive, nociceptive stimulation, which induces adaptive processes on different physiological levels leading to an improved ability of the nociceptive system to cope with painful stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 6","pages":"335-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000082815","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25035368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Bioresonance, a study of pseudo-scientific language].","authors":"M Galle","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 5","pages":"306; author reply 306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24844350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Influence of homeopathically processed coenzyme q10 on proliferation and redifferentiation of endothelial cells].","authors":"B Glatthaar-Saalmüller,&nbsp;P Fallier-Becker,&nbsp;M Weiser","doi":"10.1159/000082031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000082031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coenzyme Q10 (Co Q10) is vital for regulating cell metabolism and cell proliferation. The controlled proliferation of cells is prerequisite for the regeneration of tissues.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to clarify whether homeopathically processed Co Q10 has an influence on the proliferation of freshly seeded endothelial cells, on the division rate of differentiated confluent endothelial cells, and on the redifferentiation of differentiated endothelial cells in vitro.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>By the determination of cell numbers, the influence of Co Q10 on the proliferation of undifferentiated endothelial cells from the human umbilical vein was examined. For this assay different potencies of Co Q10 and freshly seeded endothelial cells were used. Prior to the proliferation assay the in vitro cytotoxic concentrations of Co Q10 were determined. The influence of Co Q10 on the division rate of differentiated confluent endothelial cells was determined by measuring the intake of the base analogue bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). For the testing of differentiation, the expression of the von Willebrand factor (vWF) - the marker protein typical for endothelial cells - was observed while Co Q10 was present. A flow cytometric assay was used for the analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While only the D5 potency showed toxic effects, the other tested potencies of Co Q10 did not show any cytotoxicity. The potencies D7-D10 of Co Q10, especially the D8 potency, caused an increase in the proliferation of growing endothelial cells. By contrast, Co Q10 (D8) had no influence on the rate of incorporation of BrdU into confluent, contact-inhibited, and differentiated endothelial cells. In the case of confluent dedifferentiated cells incubated with Co Q10 (D8), no increase in the expression of the vWF was observed, either.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Homeopathically processed Co Q10 (D8) has a stimulating influence on the proliferation of growing cells in vitro. This confirms its function in the regulation of cell metabolism and cell proliferation. The stimulating influence, however, does not extend to the redifferentiation process. Co Q10 has no effect on the low division rate of subconfluent and of confluent, contact-inhibited, differentiated endothelial cells. Furthermore the expression of endothelial cell-specific differentiation antigens on dedifferentiated endothelial cells is not influenced by Co Q10.</p>","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 5","pages":"267-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000082031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24839707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth stimulation of dwarf peas (Pisum sativum L.) through homeopathic potencies of plant growth substances.","authors":"S Baumgartner, A Thurneysen, P Heusser","doi":"10.1159/000082149","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000082149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Efficacy of higher homeopathic potencies is controversial. Universally accepted specific detection assays for homeopathic dilutions do not exist. Basic research has to develop a spectrum of standardized tools to investigate the mode of action and nature of homeopathic potencies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Can the shoot growth reaction of dwarf peas (gibberellin- deficient mutants) be regarded as evidence of treatment with homeopathic potencies of plant growth substances?</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Pea seed (Pisum sativum L. cv. Fruher Zwerg) is immersed for 24 hours in homeopathic potency or control solutions for soaking. Plants germinate and grow in a standard cultivation substrate under controlled environmental conditions. Shoot length is measured 14 days after planting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A screening of homeopathic potencies (12x-30x) of four different plant growth substances revealed biological activity of certain potency levels of gibberellin and kinetin (p < 0.05). Growth stimulation through gibberellin 17x (5 x 10(-18 M)) was assessed in six independent replications; results confirmed those of the screening (p < 0.05). The effect of gibberellin 17x seemed to weaken during the course of the experiments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results back the hypothesis that homeopathic potencies of plant growth substances affect pea shoot growth. Dwarf peas might thus be an interesting system model for studying the action of homeopathic potencies. Further work is required to identify all boundary conditions modulating the reactivity of this system.</p>","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 5","pages":"281-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000082149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24839709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Development of 'Ordnungstherapie' by Bircher-Benner in naturopathy of the 20th century].","authors":"J Melzer,&nbsp;D Melchart,&nbsp;R Saller","doi":"10.1159/000082150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000082150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The German term 'Ordnungstherapie' is one of the five therapeutics which defines naturopathy in German-speaking countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Who formed the term Ordnungstherapie in naturopathy and what does it mean?</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Heuristics and criticism of literature of the 20th century as well as database research.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nowadays in German-language medical books Ordnungstherpie belongs to the five therapeutics which define European naturopathy. Yet, the interpretation ranges from health education to body-orientated forms of psychotherapy. The term Ordnungstherapie is often related with the German priest and hydropath Sebastian Kneipp, however, term and definition have been founded by the Swiss physician Maximillian Bircher-Benner. In 1937 he defined Ordnungstherapie as a complex concept of natural healing. It is based upon the rather nosological idea that health is order/harmony in the human body (physically, psychologically), the environment and the daily course. Illness occurs if disorder appears in one of these fields. The therapeutic setting of Ordnungstherapy is defined by 9 rules of conduct to maintain order, which include nutrition, the skin as an organ (exposure to light, air, water), breathing, movement, rhythm of life, and psyche. For all these aspects Bircher-Benner himself uses the terms somatotherapy (dietotherapy, sun and light therapy, hydrotherapy, exercise therapy, breathing technique, order of the rhythm of live) and psychotherapy. He chose these complementary methods subjectively after learning them from 1897 onwards in an eclectic manner and after gaining therapeutic empiricism. Nevertheless his ideas of the Ordnungstherapie correlate with the socio-political context of the 1940ies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The term Ordnungstherapie was introduced by Bircher-Benner as an umbrella term in 1937 to describe a complex concept of naturopathic therapies. It comprises, with certain limitations for phytotherapy, the therapies which nowadays define European naturopathy. Yet, in European naturopathy today Ordnungstherapie is mostly considered as one out of 5 constituents of naturopathy (dietotherapy, hydrotherapy, exercise therapy, phytotherapy, Ordnungstherapie). The classification of Ordnungstherapie as one of the 5 pillars of the Kneipp therapy was only done by Kneipp physicians in the middle of the 20th century and needs to be thought over.</p>","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 5","pages":"293-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000082150","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24839570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Medicinal and herbal plants: a graded and global offering of drugs].","authors":"R Saller","doi":"10.1159/000082116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000082116","url":null,"abstract":"Es gibt weltweit kaum eine Heilpflanze oder irgendeine andere Pflanze, die gerade als Heilmittel propagiert wird, deren einfache Zubereitungen nicht für Patienten oder Konsumenten erhältlich wären. Die Bezugsquellen sind vielfältig (z.B. offizielle Importe, zumeist jedoch Grauund Schwarzimporte, Bezugsmöglichkeiten über Internetadressen). Handelt es sich um aktuell «aussereuropäische» Pflanzen, so besitzen die daraus hergestellten Produkte zumeist keinen Arzneimittelstatus bzw. werden in vielen Ländern der Ersten Welt nicht als Arzneimittel akzeptiert, selbst wenn sie in den Ursprungsländern die Anerkennung als Arzneimittel erworben haben [1, 2]. Entsprechend dieser Situation sind Qualität und Sicherheit der bezogenen Mittel ausserordentlich unterschiedlich, immer wieder wechselnd und v.a. kaum voraussagbar. Auch heillose Fälschungen erreichen leicht Patient und Konsument. Die derzeitige Situation bedeutet einen erheblichen Verzicht auf prinzipiell mögliche Qualität und Sicherheit. Eine Zulassung als Arzneimittel könnte zumindest für kranke Menschen vielen dieser Risiken vorbeugen. Die Forderung nach einem Arzneimittelstatus bleibt aber illusorisch, wenn es in der Realität überhaupt nicht bzw. nicht mit den verfügbaren Mitteln möglich ist, diesen Status mit den daraus resultierenden Verpflichtungen zu erlangen. Die stetig anschwellenden Forderungen und ökonomischen Voraussetzungen für eine Registrierung neuer Arzneimittel sind allenfalls für eine kleine Zahl zumeist transnationaler Konzerne erfüllbar. Damit ist es ihnen vielfach überlassen, durch die Entwicklung bzw. Nichtentwicklung von Arzneimitteln, indirekt materielle und zentrale Inhalte der Medizin und damit von Gesundheit und Krankheit zu gestalten. Es besteht die sehr konkrete Gefahr der Monopolisierung der Arzneimittelentwicklung und der damit zusammenhängenden medizinischen Denkstile und Theorien. Auch für die Phytotherapie der Länder der Ersten Welt scheint es derzeit allenfalls selten möglich zu sein, Innovationen zur Zulassung zu bringen oder in Zulassungshinsicht das vielfältige Potential selbst von bekannten Arzneipflanzen (biogene Vielstoffgemische [3, 4] als potentielle biologische sowie «kulturelle» Rohstoffe für Arzneimittel mit unterschiedlichen Wirkungsspektren) zu entwickeln. Arzneiund Heilpflanzen besitzen nicht nur wie andere Arzneimittel eine relativ kurze, wenngleich mittlerweile auch intensive Geschichte aus dem Labor (naturwissenschaftlicher Forschungsstand). Sie transportieren zudem mannigfaltige Erfahrungen (Überlieferungsbestände), Betrachtungsweisen von Gesundheit und vor allem therapeutische Anregungen aus Jahrhunderten der Anwendung sowie regionalen Medizinsystemen [1]. So ist z.B. Johanniskraut im Vergleich zu seiner Anwendungsgeschichte seit relativ kurzer Zeit als ein Antidepressivum etabliert und zugelassen. Wesentlich länger wurde es umfangreich als Nerven-, Rekonvaleszenzund Konstitutionsmittel gebraucht [5]. Der damit verbundene, teils vitalistische, teils","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 5","pages":"264-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000082116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24839706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A double-blind, randomized, homeopathic pathogenetic trial with healthy persons: comparing two high potencies.","authors":"H Möllinger,&nbsp;R Schneider,&nbsp;M Löffel,&nbsp;H Walach","doi":"10.1159/000082120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000082120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>According to homeopathic theory, symptoms provoked by the homeopathic remedy in a pathogenetic trial (PT) make up the remedy picture serving as the basis for the homeopathic treatment. Little is known whether the symptoms produced by the remedy differ from symptoms produced by placebo. This is because both homeopathic remedy and placebo also produce so-called unspecific effects due to psychological reasons. We therefore explore the distinctiveness of homeopathic symptoms and placebo symptoms.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A three-armed, randomized PT pilot study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>A blinded materia medica expert identifies symptoms with regard to their number and specificity.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>21 healthy homeopathic practitioners note symptoms produced after remedy intake.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Patients are randomly assigned to receive either (1) Calendula officinalis, (2) Ferrum muriaticum, or (3) placebo. After a seven-day baseline symptoms recording period, proving substances are taken until symptoms occur. In daily supervision phone calls, symptoms are verified by the supervisor.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure: </strong>Total number of symptoms produced and number of specific symptoms produced.</p><p><strong>Outlook: </strong>The results showed that both remedies 'produced' significantly more symptoms than placebo. With regard to the specificity, the Calendula officinalis group displayed more remedy-specific symptoms than placebo. However, in the Ferrum muriaticum group more Calendula symptoms than placebo were also recorded.</p>","PeriodicalId":80278,"journal":{"name":"Forschende Komplementarmedizin und klassische Naturheilkunde = Research in complementary and natural classical medicine","volume":"11 5","pages":"274-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000082120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24839708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}