Annals of Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"<i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>-induced epididymitis: a rare case report.","authors":"Dev Patel, Luke Walker, Nalini Patel, Tirath Patel, Rajesh Perumbilavil Kaithamanakallam","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002834","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>Epididymitis is a common urological condition typically caused by <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> or <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>, with rare complications like abscess formation. <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>, usually linked to respiratory infections, is an uncommon cause. This report discusses a 33-year-old male with <i>H. influenzae</i> epididymitis, bacteremia, and a positive NAAT for <i>Chlamydia</i>, presenting a rare and complex clinical scenario. His history of vasectomy adds further intricacy to the case. This highlights the importance of recognizing atypical pathogens, conducting thorough diagnostic evaluations, and tailoring management strategies for unusual presentations of epididymitis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 33-year-old male with GERD and a history of vasectomy presented with 1 day of fevers, chills, and worsening left-sided scrotal pain. Examination showed localized scrotal tenderness and a temperature of 100.9°F. Blood cultures revealed <i>H. influenzae</i>, and NAAT confirmed <i>Chlamydia</i> with negative <i>Gonorrhea</i> testing. Ultrasound suggested epididymitis with a possible abscess, while CT showed scrotal edema without a drainable collection. Follow-up imaging maintained concerns for an abscess. Treated with Rocephin and Doxycycline, the patient showed clinical improvement, with plans for serial imaging to monitor resolution and ensure full recovery.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>This case highlights the challenges of managing epididymitis caused by the atypical pathogen <i>H. influenzae</i>. Rare in genitourinary infections, its detection raises questions about pathogenesis, possibly linked to the patient's vasectomy altering local immunity. Co-infection with <i>Chlamydia</i> may have exacerbated localized inflammation. Serial imaging, particularly ultrasound, proved critical in identifying an abscess overlooked by CT. Management involved targeted antibiotics, careful monitoring of blood cultures, and follow-up imaging to prevent complications. The case underscores the importance of a broad differential diagnosis and tailored treatment in managing rare presentations of epididymitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report highlights a rare case of <i>H. influenzae</i>-induced epididymitis with bacteremia and co-existing <i>Chlamydia</i> infection in a post-vasectomy patient. It underscores the importance of recognizing uncommon pathogens, especially in patients with unique risk factors like vasectomy. Serial imaging was crucial for identifying complications such as abscess formation. Early diagnosis and targeted therapy were essential in preventing serious outcomes like chronic inflammation or abscess rupture. This case contributes to the limited literature on atypical epididymitis, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach in managing complex infections effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1006-1009"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quadricuspid aortic valve in an asymptomatic young adult: a case report.","authors":"Parag Karki, Sharada Kc, Aashish Bastakoti, Abhikanta Khatiwada","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002920","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV) is a rare congenital heart disease, ranking behind bicuspid and unicuspid aortic valves in terms of the incidence of congenital aortic valve abnormalities. When symptoms are present, they are typically related to aortic regurgitation, manifesting as shortness of breath, nocturnal dyspnea, and palpitations, or aortic stenosis, which presents with exertional dyspnea, angina, or syncope.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We present the case of an asymptomatic male, diagnosed with a QAV during a routine examination. Despite the absence of clinical symptoms, a thorough general physical examination, including cardiac auscultation, revealed signs suggestive of valvular abnormality. The diagnosis was confirmed via transthoracic echocardiography.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>For QAV, the diagnostic process typically includes transthoracic echocardiography, which allows for initial confirmation of the valve morphology. In addition, computed tomography (CT) coronary angiography provides detailed information on valvular morphology and helps identify any associated coronary stenosis. In cases of QAV, a CT aortogram is also crucial to assess potential aortic root dilation, a known complication of this congenital anomaly.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case emphasizes the importance of routine physical examination in diagnosing rare congenital heart conditions like QAV, even in asymptomatic individuals. Early diagnosis and appropriate imaging are essential for timely management, particularly in preventing the progression of associated complications such as aortic regurgitation or root dilation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1034-1037"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of a cauda equina syndrome in a 24 years old military person: a case report.","authors":"Sabin Poudel, Samikshya Adhikari, Aashutosh Pokharel, Anup Mishra, Mrigank Pratik","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002872","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cauda equina syndrome (CES) is a rare condition that arises due to various underlying conditions and comprises pentad back pain, saddle anesthesia, bowel bladder disorder, sensory and motor dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Case presentations: </strong>The authors hereby present a case of CES in a 24 years old military person who was actively involved in exercise and heavy weight lifting. He was received at the emergency department with symptoms of low back pain with bladder and bowel incontinence, diagnosis of CES was made based on history, clinical examination, and radiological assessments. He was treated under expert surveillance. After the initial treatment he was admitted in the ward for almost a month due to intolerable low back pain. However currently he is showing good signs of recovery in 6 months follow-up.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>Early diagnosis of CES is likely to be beneficial as it helps delay deterioration, prevents further complications and improve the quality of life of patients but the diagnosis of this syndrome is usually delayed due to unavailability of diagnostic facilities in every health care center. So, assessment of this syndrome should be made among patient presenting with suggestive symptoms for timely diagnosis and better outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CES is a surgical emergency requiring early diagnosis and early intervention to prevent further complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"977-980"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 100 most-cited papers on esthesioneuroblastoma: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Amr Badary, Sura N Alrubaye, Wireko Andrew Awuah, Yasser F Almealawy, Mohammad Al-Barbarawi, Wahab Moustafa, Hira Jawed, Bipin Chaurasia, Oday Atallah","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002933","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) or olfactory neuroblastoma, an infrequent neuroectodermal tumor primarily affecting the nasal cavity, manifests sporadically or in various clinical contexts. Bibliometric analyses have become a technique for evaluating the influence of papers in present-day clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article conducted a meticulous analysis of the top 100 cited articles concerning ENB, using Scopus and employing keywords (\"Esthesioneuroblastoma\" and \"Olfactory Neuroblastoma\"). Articles focusing on ENB were systematically evaluated. Data extraction encompassed comprehensive analyses of articles, authors, citation per year, total citations, and journals, categorizing publications into distinct domains: clinical features, histopathology, article types, or radiological aspects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded a substantial pool of 400 articles, from which the top 100 amassed a total of 10 900 citations, averaging 109 citations per article. These influential publications spanned a wide array of 47 journals, published between 1960 and 2019, involving contributions from diverse institutions across 14 countries. Notably, a significant proportion (45%) of contributions was made before the 2000, with the most prolific decade being 2000-2010, contributing 38 publications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This bibliometric study summarizes the most-cited articles on esthesioneuroblastoma, providing light on the field and its seminal works that have shaped both present-day clinical treatment and the trajectory of future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"711-719"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sacrococcygeal teratoma in a 10-year-old-female: a rare case report from Nepal.","authors":"Kundan Kumar Yadav, Milan Pokhrel, Sonam Dhenga, Srijana Kumari Yadav, Sameer Basnyat, Krishna Yadav","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002954","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sacrococcygeal teratoma is commonly a benign tumor that arises in the sacrum and base of the coccyx. It has an incidence of 1 in 40 000 and a female-to-male ratio of 4:1. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are key to diagnosis and surgical resection is the definite treatment.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 10-year-old female presented with a gradually progressive sacral swelling since birth associated with fever, pain, and discharge from the swelling for 2 weeks. On examination, there was an approx. 10 × 11 cm mass in the sacral region with a pus point and signs of inflammation were present. On palpation the mass was tender. MRI lumbosacral spine showed a complex mass in the infra-coccygeal region with features suggestive of sacrococcygeal teratoma. Surgical resection of the tumor was performed.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Sacrococcygeal teratoma arises from totipotent cells from Hensen's node at the coccygeal region. Clinical presentation varies according to type with common manifestations being progressive swelling at the coccygeal region and features of mass effect such as low back pain, and bowel or bladder symptoms. Imaging helps in diagnosis as well as detecting the size, and extent of the tumor as well as its relation to nearby structures. Surgery via transabdominal or trans-sacral approach is the curative treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma should be considered if a patient presents with gradually progressive swelling of the sacral region.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1043-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering extracranial metastasis in high-grade meningiomas: insights from a case study and literature review.","authors":"Nazmin Ahmed, Bipin Chaurasia","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002948","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002948","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction and importance: </strong>These high-grade meningiomas have higher recurrence rates and poorer survival outcomes compared to benign variants. This study presents a case of metastasis in a high-grade meningioma and a comprehensive analysis of the literature published between 2000 and 2023, including only original studies focused on extracranial metastasis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 45-year-old female who presented with progressive left-sided weakness and partial seizures. Imaging revealed a large, lobulated extra-axial mass in the right parietal parasagittal region, which was surgically resected and diagnosed as an anaplastic meningioma (WHO grade III). Despite an initial recovery, the patient experienced tumor recurrence with local invasion, multiple metastases to the contralateral brain, liver, lung, spine, and long bone. Various treatments, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and surgery, were employed, but the disease progressed, leaving the patient bed-bound at 8 years follow up.</p><p><strong>Clinical discussion: </strong>In our literature review, encompassing 247 patients with extracranial metastasis of meningiomas from seven studies, the lungs and bones were the most common metastatic sites. Patients with grade III meningiomas had poorer survival outcomes than those with grade II. Gross total resection (GTR) was associated with improved progression-free survival, while recurrence markedly reduced overall survival, underscoring the aggressive nature of metastatic meningiomas and the importance of early, comprehensive treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Extracranial metastasis in high-grade meningiomas poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Our analysis underscores the complexity of managing these cases and highlights the critical need for early identification of high-risk patients and tailored treatment protocols to improve long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"1017-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare debts in the United States: a silent fight.","authors":"Abdullahi Tunde Aborode, Oreoluwa Oginni, Modesta Abacheng, Ottoho Edima, Emily Lamunu, Tayo Nafisat Folorunso, Christian Inya Oko, Akinjo Rebecca Iretiayo, Lukman Lawal, Ruth Amarachi, Rawa Badri, Gafar Babatunde Bamigbade, Omotayo Faith Olanrewaju, Favour Obianuju Agwuna, Ridwan Olamilekan Adesola","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002865","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Healthcare debt in the United States is a significant problem, affecting millions of Americans. Many people struggle to pay for healthcare, and approximately 9% owe over $250 due to health costs. Nearly half of US adults find it difficult to afford healthcare, with uninsured individuals and those with lower incomes facing the most significant challenges. Healthcare debt in the United States is a problem with profound consequences. This debt encompasses expenses incurred for various medical services, from hospital stays and surgeries to doctor visits and medications. Healthcare debt casts a long shadow, adversely affecting physical and mental well-being and increasing stress, anxiety, and depression. Unpaid bills lead to the avoidance of necessary care, perpetuating health issues and straining the healthcare system. Beyond health implications, it affects credit history, limits access to credit facilities, and hampers employment opportunities. So, comprehensive healthcare reform emerges as a potential remedy, by expanding access to affordable health insurance, regulating healthcare costs, and addressing coverage gaps could alleviate the impact of healthcare debts. Therefore, exploring the feasibility of transitioning toward a universal healthcare system becomes crucial, offering equitable access to essential medical services and mitigating financial burdens on individuals. As healthcare debts continue to profoundly influence health, economic stability, and social well-being, a holistic approach is imperative for a healthier and economically sound future for all Americans.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 2","pages":"663-672"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond convention: non-compacted myocardium, ventricular tachycardia, and systolic dysfunction in dextrocardia patients: a case series.","authors":"Natalia Nazarenko, Maisha Maliha, Luis Cerna, Nathaniel Abittan, Pawel Borkowski, Ibolya Csecs, Mario Garcia","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002855","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Noncompaction of the left ventricle (LVNC) is linked to a higher risk of sudden cardiac death and stroke. Its prevalence ranges from 0.014% to 1.3% in the general population, rising to 7.5% in patients with dextrocardia.</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A male in his late 70s presented with worsening dyspnea and leg swelling, with dextrocardia and frequent extrasystoles. Imaging revealed right-sided pleural effusion, severely reduced ejection fraction, and ventricular and atrial dilatation. He developed sustained monomorphic VT, was treated with amiodarone, had successful coronary stenting, and received an ICD with no further hospital readmissions or ICD events. A second case involved a male in his late 50s who presented with dyspnea. He had dextrocardia with situs inversus, subsegmental pulmonary embolism, and LVNC. He was treated with enoxaparin, medical therapy, and Holter monitoring, which showed mild arrhythmias. He declined ICD placement but remained event-free during the first year of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>LVNC is a rare condition resulting from abnormal myocardial development during embryogenesis, leading to a two-layered myocardial structure. Diagnosis is based on imaging criteria. LVNC is linked to arrhythmias, heart failure, and conduction abnormalities, requiring interventions such as ICD placement, arrhythmia monitoring, and genetic testing. Further research is needed on genetic associations and long-term outcomes in dextrocardia patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 1","pages":"56-61"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond blood transfusions: exploring iron chelation therapies in transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia.","authors":"Muhammad Talha, Mohammad Haris Ali, Sonia Hurjkaliani, Zainab Syyeda Rahmat, Haleema Sadia, Md Al Hasibuzzaman, Ahsan Ul Qayyum Uzair","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002796","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Abnormal hemoglobin, or hemoglobinopathy, affects about 7% of the global population. Major hemoglobinopathies like beta-thalassemia and sickle cell disease require regular blood transfusions, leading to chronic iron overload. This review examines the efficacy and safety of deferiprone, an oral iron chelator, in managing iron overload in pediatric patients with transfusion-dependent conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were sourced from PubMed, Google Scholar, and relevant articles, focusing on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2010 and 2023. The search terms included \"deferiprone,\" \"iron chelation,\" \"transfusion,\" \"iron overload,\" \"hemoglobinopathies,\" and \"thalassemia.\" Three RCTs met the inclusion criteria, involving 521 pediatric patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The START trial demonstrated that early-start deferiprone significantly reduced iron load compared to placebo, with no severe adverse events. The DEEP-2 study found deferiprone non-inferior to deferasirox in terms of efficacy and safety. Another trial highlighted the benefits of early deferiprone therapy in delaying iron overload symptoms without serious side effects. Common adverse effects included pyrexia, nasopharyngitis, and decreased neutrophil count, but no significant differences in growth parameters, creatinine, or prolactin levels were observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deferiprone shows significant promise in managing iron overload in pediatric patients, with comparable effectiveness to existing therapies and a favorable safety profile. Its oral administration is advantageous for young children. However, long-term studies are needed to fully understand its safety and efficacy. Addressing challenges such as patient compliance and adverse effects through education, personalized medicine, and advanced monitoring techniques can further improve treatment outcomes for beta-thalassemia patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 1","pages":"13-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circular RNAs: history, metabolism, mechanisms of function, and regulatory roles at a glance.","authors":"Roqaye Karimi, Ehsan Javandoost, Nooshin Asadmasjedi, Amir Atashi, Alireza Soleimani, Mahin Behzadifard","doi":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002761","DOIUrl":"10.1097/MS9.0000000000002761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules that, due to their covalent ring structure and lack of free ends, have a very high intracellular stability compared to their linear counterparts. In general, circRNAs are expressed in mammalian cells and exhibit tissue/cell-specific expression patterns. Mounting evidence is indicative that circRNAs regulate a variety of cellular processes by acting as miRNA sponges, transcriptional regulators, protein sponges, molecular scaffolds, and protein/peptide translators. The emergence of the biological functions of circRNAs has brought a novel outlook to our better understanding of cellular physiology and disease pathogenesis. CircRNAs have also been shown to play a critical role in the occurrence, development and progression of cancers. Their participation in the pathophysiology of various diseases including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and neurological disorders is very important. Such characteristics have led to more studies investigating circRNAs as promising tools in molecular medicine and targeted therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8025,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Medicine and Surgery","volume":"87 1","pages":"141-150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11918698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}