Topics in Catalysis最新文献

{"title":"Advanced Assembly of Spherical MoO3–SnO2 Nanocomposite Material and Its Catalytic Applications","authors":"A. Mohamed Ibraheem,&nbsp;K. Jayamoorthy,&nbsp;J. Kamalakkannan,&nbsp;G. Selvakumar,&nbsp;D. Rajamanickam","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02233-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02233-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A spherical MoO₃–SnO₂ nanocomposite was synthesized via a precipitation–sonication approach and thoroughly characterized to evaluate its structural, optical, and catalytic properties. XRD, SEM-EDX, and HR-TEM analyses confirmed the formation of a crystalline spherical nanostructure with uniform particle distribution. DRS spectra indicated a reduced band gap of 3.25 eV compared to 3.5 eV for pure SnO₂, while photoluminescence studies revealed suppressed electron–hole recombination, confirming improved charge separation. The nanocomposite demonstrated remarkable photocatalytic performance toward the degradation of Naphthol Blue Black (NBB) dye under UV light, achieving 84% degradation within 45 min at neutral pH, significantly higher than the 59% achieved with SnO₂. The material retained 90% of its activity after four reuse cycles, highlighting excellent stability and reusability. COD analysis confirmed efficient dye mineralization with evidence of CO₂ capture. Additionally, electrochemical studies revealed enhanced anodic current and superior electrocatalytic activity in dye-sensitized solar cells, attaining an efficiency of 1.7%. Overall, the synergistic interaction between MoO₃ and SnO₂ enhances charge transfer, optical absorption, and catalytic efficiency, making this nanocomposite a versatile material for environmental remediation, green synthesis, and renewable energy applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"69 4-7","pages":"1074 - 1088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147340036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Catalytic Applications: Synthesis, Characterization, and Environmental Performance","authors":"Shaikh Mohd. Waseem,&nbsp;Sourabh Vitthal Gaikwad,&nbsp;Vishal Ashok Pandit,&nbsp;Nilkanth N. Kapse","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02204-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02204-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have gained immense interest for their catalytic efficiency, magnetic recoverability, and environmental compatibility. This review focuses on the green synthesis of IONPs using plant-based extracts and biogenic routes that offer a safer and sustainable alternative to conventional chemical methods. Various characterization techniques such as FTIR, SEM, XRD, and VSM are explored to understand the structure, functionality, and magnetism of synthesized nanoparticles. The catalytic applications of IONPs are highlighted, particularly in contaminant removal and dye degradation, emphasizing their role in wastewater remediation. The regeneration and recovery of IONPs are also discussed, demonstrating that IONPs can be regenerated and reused by chemical desorption, surface washing, and microwave-assisted strategies. In addition, the scale-up, long-term environmental benignity and the technical application of IONPs in practical system are examined. The extensive studies in this review are expected to help researchers move toward to fabricating low-cost, reusable, and green iron oxide nanomaterials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"69 8-11","pages":"1337 - 1360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CeO₂ Nanorod-Promoted NiCu and NiFe Nanoparticles for Enhanced Ethanol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Medium","authors":"Emine Sena Kazan-Kaya,&nbsp;Mahmut Bayramoğlu","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02228-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02228-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, NiCu and NiFe based electrocatalysts cocatalyzed with CeO₂ nanorods for ethanol electrooxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline medium were synthesized and their electrochemical performances were investigated in detail. In all samples, the amount of CeO₂ nanorods was kept constant (20 wt%), and the ratios of Ni and second metal (Cu or Fe) were systematically changed. The obtained nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Electrochemical performance evaluations were carried out by cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and chronoamperometry (CA) methods. EOR activities of catalysts with different Ni: Cu and Ni: Fe ratios were compared and the highest performing compositions were determined for each system. According to CV analysis, NiCu-CeO_2NRs-2 had the highest current density (21.63 mA cm⁻²) and the lowest onset potential (444 mV) among Cu-containing combinations. Among Fe-containing combinations, NiFe-CeO_2NRs-2 was observed as the best performing catalyst combination with a current density of 27.71 mV cm⁻² and an onset potential of 387 mV. The effect of temperature on electrocatalytic activity was also investigated by electrochemical measurements at different temperatures on catalysts with these optimum compositions. The study reveals the effect of different metal ratios and temperature conditions on EOR performance and evaluates the performance potential of NiCu and NiFe based systems cocatalyzed with CeO₂.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"69 1-3","pages":"26 - 42"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145982682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and Biological Activities of Non-polar and Polar Fractions of the Bark and Stem Extracts of Plumeria bicolor","authors":"Divyadeepika,&nbsp;Jyoti Joshi","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02220-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02220-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Plumeria bicolor</i> (<i>P. bicolor</i>), a small Central American tree species, is traditionally used for treating infections, inflammation, and digestive disorders. Pharmacological studies have confirmed their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and analgesic properties. The phytochemical composition of stem and bark extracts in various polar and non-polar solvents was determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). This study presented the first comprehensive report on the GC–MS analysis of sequential reflux extracts of stem and bark in <i>P. bicolor</i>, revealing the presence of triterpenoids (lupeol, <i>α</i>- and <i>β</i>-amyrin), phytosterols (<i>γ</i>-sitosterol, campesterol), and fatty acid derivatives as major constituents. To evaluate whether these phytochemicals contribute to the biological activity of <i>P. bicolor</i>, we next assessed the antimicrobial potential of different extracts against bacterial and fungal strains. The crude extracts of plant <i>P. bicolor s</i>howed promising antimicrobial activities, viz. antibacterial and antifungal properties, by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). MIC values ranged from 50 µg/µL (against <i>A. niger</i>) to 1860 µg/µL (against <i>B. subtilis</i>), depending on the extract and microorganism. Notably, crude chloroform extract of stem consistently showed high activity against all antifungal strains <i>A. niger, C. albicans, F. oxysporum, and P. chrysogenum</i> showing inhibition zone ranging from 10 ± 0.374 to 30 ± 0.523 mm in 20–80 µL solution of extracts. Among these, <i>A. niger</i> displayed high sensitivity to all the crude extracts, demonstrating inhibition zone diameters ranging from 7 ± 0.152 to 30 ± 0.523 mm at a MIC of 20–80 µg/µL. Our findings highlight that <i>P. bicolor</i> stem and bark extracts are more effective against gram-negative strains (<i>E. coli</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i>) than gram-positive strains (<i>S. aureus</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i>), considering the microorganisms studied. Also, the black mold <i>Aspergillus niger</i> was found to be most susceptible to the crude chloroform and methanol fraction of bark and stem of <i>P. bicolor</i>.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"69 8-11","pages":"1185 - 1199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-Responsive Z-Scheme SrFe12O19/g-C3N4 Nanostructures for Visible-Light-Driven Antibiotic and Organic Pollutants Remediation","authors":"Priyambada Mahapatra,&nbsp;Chirasmayee Mohanty,&nbsp;Rita Das,&nbsp;Nigamananda Das","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02226-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02226-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pharmaceutical pollutants like azithromycin and organic dyes pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence and toxicity. In this study, Z-scheme nanosized strontium hexaferrite (SrFe₁₂O₁₉)/carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) composites were synthesized via the sol-gel method using metal nitrates and direct heating with melamine to enhance visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation. Strontium hexaferrite (SHF) and SHF/CN nanocomposites with varying g-C₃N₄ content (10, 20, and 30 wt%) were successfully prepared and characterized. XRD confirmed the presence of M-type SrFe₁₂O₁₉ and g-C₃N₄, while TEM/SEM analysis revealed nanosized particles (~ 10–20 nm). UV-Vis DRS analysis indicated band gaps of 2.71 eV (g-C₃N₄), 1.8 eV (SHF), and 1.85–1.9 eV for the composites. The nanocomposites exhibited strong ferromagnetic properties, enabling easy magnetic separation. Photocatalytic efficiency was evaluated using azithromycin and dyes (Congo red (CR) and Eriochrome black T (EBT), with SHF/CN-20 showing the highest degradation efficiency. The enhanced performance is attributed to the Z-scheme heterojunction, which improves charge separation and reactive species generation. These results highlight the potential of SHF/CN composites for effective wastewater treatment.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"69 15-16","pages":"2086 - 2101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148695200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced Graphene Oxide Loaded α-RuO2-TiO2 Nanocomposite: Synthesis, Characterizations and Photocatalytic Applications of Congo Red and Bismarck Brown Dyes","authors":"B. S. Ramya,&nbsp;G. Krishnamurthy","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02212-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02212-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The solgel-assisted synthesis was employed to fabricated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) supported α-RuO₂-TiO₂ nanocomposite in various weight percent ratios. Different spectroscopic techniques were used to investigate size, band gap, surface area, morphology and elemental compositions of α-RuO₂-TiO₂/rGO. In this study, Congo Red (CR) and Bismarck brown Y (BBY) have been chosen as model pollutants and the discoloration of these dyes was achieved within 45 min of irradiation. The photodegradation of CR and BBY dyes in the presence of these metal oxides, TiO₂, α-RuO₂, sample A, B and C and α-RuO₂-TiO₂/ rGO (D) were found to be 88, 65, 89, 93, 95, and 99%, while using BBY dye showed 91, 77, 90, 92, 95, and 98%. The degradation fragments for CR and BBY dyes were identified using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and possible methods for the generation of degraded intermediates were predicted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"69 8-11","pages":"1313 - 1336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradation of High-Density Polyethylene Using CuO Nanoparticles Produced from Biological and Chemical Synthesis Route","authors":"Rajalakshmi Sridharan,&nbsp;B. Swathi Pandey,&nbsp;B. Senthil Rathi,&nbsp;P. Senthil Kumar,&nbsp;Veena Gayathri K.,&nbsp;Gayathri Rangasamy","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02195-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02195-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focuses on the bacterial and chemical synthesis of CuO nanoparticles and their application in the photocatalytic degradation of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The band gap energies of the CuO nanoparticles synthesized via bacterial and chemical methods were found to be 1.48 and 1.46 eV, respectively. The particle sizes ranged from 16 to 32 nm for the bacterially synthesised nanoparticles and 55.7 to 75.9 nm for the chemically synthesised ones. Photocatalytic degradation of the HDPE sheet, confirmed by a weight loss of 20.54 ± 0.66% after 100 h of UV irradiation, was achieved using bacterially synthesized CuO nanoparticles. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was employed to design a statistical model using Central Composite Design (CCD). The optimal nanoparticle concentration (29.6–30 mg) and photocatalysis duration (283–300 h) yielded a desirability score of 1.0. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) was used to identify the metabolites produced before and after photocatalysis, further confirming HDPE degradation. Comparison of the bacterially and chemically synthesized CuO nanoparticles revealed negligible differences in photocatalytic performance. However, bacterially synthesized nanoparticles were selected for the scale-up process due to their smaller size and environmentally friendly synthesis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the degradation of HDPE using both chemically and biologically synthesized CuO nanoparticles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"69 4-7","pages":"809 - 824"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147336831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Situ Hydrothermal Synthesis of a g-C3N4–Bi2O3 Heterojunction for Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline Hydrochloride","authors":"V. Ruiz-Santoyo,&nbsp;D. Cabrera-Germán,&nbsp;S. Garcia-Carvajal,&nbsp;M. C. Arenas-Arrocena","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02229-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02229-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antibiotics represent persistent chemical pollutants that threaten aquatic ecosystems and public health. Tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) is one of the most widely used antibiotics, accumulates in water bodies due to incomplete metabolism and resistance to biodegradation. In this study, heterojunction photocatalysts based on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) and bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method, incorporating different Bi₂O₃ ratios. The resulting materials were characterized by XRD, TEM, STEM, FTIR, UV–Vis DRS, N₂ physisorption, and XPS to analyze their structural, morphological, and surface properties. Among the tested samples, the optimized gCNBiO-1.5 composite (surface area 9.4 m²/g, band gap 2.73 eV) exhibited the highest activity, achieving 93% TCH degradation within 90 min under UV-A irradiation and 99.8% removal at pH 4. Kinetic analysis confirmed pseudo-first-order behavior with k_app = 0.0288 min⁻¹ (t_½ = 24.05 min). Efficient mineralization was evidenced by a decrease in COD from 75.6 to 8.1 mg/L after 90 min. Furthermore, the catalyst maintained 84.6% efficiency after three reuse cycles. These results highlight the potential of g-C₃N₄–Bi₂O₃ composites as stable, efficient photocatalysts for the removal of antibiotic pollutants from aqueous environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"69 15-16","pages":"2016 - 2031"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11244-025-02229-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148695087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cu Addition on the Selectivity of Ni-Based Catalysts for Methylcyclohexane Dehydrogenation","authors":"Pol Fernandez Reixach,&nbsp;Maria Soledad Chino Mamani,&nbsp;Efthymios Kantarelis","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02209-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02209-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The storage and distribution of H₂ represent major challenges for its widespread utilization. Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHC), such as methylcyclohexane (MCH), offer a promising alternative by enabling H₂ delivery through dehydrogenation to toluene. Although Pt-based catalysts are the state of the art for this process, this study investigates Ni–Cu catalysts as non-noble metal alternative. For this purpose, two <b><i>γ</i></b>-Al₂O₃–supported bimetallic Ni-Cu catalysts were prepared at Cu/Ni atomic ratios of 0.25 and 0.56 and their activity and selectivity towards toluene were evaluated and compared with monometallic Pt (0.6 wt%), Ni (12.8 wt%) and Cu (20.0 wt%) <b><i>γ</i></b>-Al₂O₃–supported catalysts. The experimental evaluation was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor at a temperature and pressure of 320 °C and 1.5 bara respectively, and at a weight hourly space velocity of 2.2 h^{<b><i>−1</i></b>}. Characterization of the synthesized Ni–Cu catalysts indicated the absence of alloy formation under the synthesis conditions. Experimental results indicated that the bimetallic catalysts exhibited increased activity and selectivity to toluene compared to the monometallic counterparts (i.e. Ni, Cu). A positive correlation was observed between copper addition and MCH conversion, with the Ni–Cu catalyst having a Cu/Ni ratio of 0.56 exhibiting a sevenfold increase compared to the monometallic Ni (7% compared to 1%) at the studied conditions. Nevertheless, the performance remained considerably lower than that of Pt-based catalysts, which achieved 33% MCH, under the conditions studied. Moreover, the selectivity towards toluene was observed to increase with time on stream stream, initially reaching 88% for Cu/Ni = 0.56, comparing with 60% and 85% for Ni/<b><i>γ</i></b>-Al₂O₃ and Pt/<b><i>γ</i></b>-Al₂O₃ respectively. This results suggests that Cu addition can inhibit the hydrodealkylation of toluene, thereby suppressing the dehydrogenation selectivity of unpromoted Pt catalysts. The enhancement in activity of NiCu catalysts is plausibly attributed to the Ni–Cu interactions at the interface, wehreas the improvement in selectivity is considered to arise from the preferential occupation of the C–C cleavage sites on Ni by Cu. However, catalyst stability was not improved by Cu addition with the deactivation rate being positively correlated with Cu content.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"68 20","pages":"2478 - 2493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11244-025-02209-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145675421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Adsorbent from Sorghum Husk Ash for Efficient Heavy Metal Removal: Adsorption Mechanisms and Kinetic Insights","authors":"Umaiyambika Neduvel Annal,&nbsp;Kumar Ayangounder,&nbsp;Arunodhaya Natarajan,&nbsp;Subhav Singh,&nbsp;Deekshant Varshney,&nbsp;Devaraj Manoj,&nbsp;Paskalis Sahaya Murphin Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s11244-025-02208-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11244-025-02208-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heavy metal contamination in water poses a serious environmental and health hazard, necessitating the development of sustainable, low-cost adsorbents. Agricultural waste-based materials have gained attention, yet sorghum husk ash remains underexplored for value-added applications. This study has addressed this gap by synthesizing zeolite from sorghum fly ash and evaluating its efficiency as a bio-sorbent for the removal of Pb(II), Ni(II), and Cd(II) from synthetic aqueous solutions. Zeolite was prepared using ultrasound-assisted alkali fusion followed by a hydrothermal method. Characterization techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, XPS, BET isotherms, and SEM, analysed the functional groups and surface morphology of zeolite. Batch experiments showed maximum removal efficiency of 98.3% for Pb(II), 86.3% for Cd(II), and 60.5% for Ni(II), with equilibrium reached in 2 h. Adsorption efficiency increased significantly from pH 3 to 7 for all three metal ions, reaching a maximum at neutral pH. Beyond pH 7, a slight to moderate decline in removal efficiency was observed, particularly for Cd(II) and Ni(II), likely due to the formation of metal hydroxide precipitates at alkaline conditions. Isotherm studies indicated alignment with the Langmuir model, and kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model. The bio-sorbent demonstrated effective regeneration and reuse for up to five cycles, highlighting its potential as an efficient material for heavy metal removal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":801,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Catalysis","volume":"69 15-16","pages":"2053 - 2070"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148695086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}