Rui Wang, Yu Li, Jiahui Ji, Lingwei Kong, Yukai Huang, Zhongqiu Liu, Linlin Lu
{"title":"The Emerging Role of Herbal Medicines in Cancer by Interfering with Posttranslational Modifications.","authors":"Rui Wang, Yu Li, Jiahui Ji, Lingwei Kong, Yukai Huang, Zhongqiu Liu, Linlin Lu","doi":"10.1089/ars.2023.0418","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ars.2023.0418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Significance:</i></b> Herbal medicines have a long history of comprehensive cancer treatment through various posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Recently, emerging evidence revealed that dysregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ROS-regulated signaling pathways influence cancer initiation, growth, and progression in a paradoxical role with either low levels or increasing levels of basal ROS. However, ROS-triggered modifications of target proteins in the face of ROS-mediated signal transduction are not fully understood in the anticancer therapies of herbal medicines. In this review, we briefly introduce the PTM-dependent regulations of herbal medicines, and then focus on the current ideals that targeting ROS-dependent PTMs <i>via</i> antioxidant and redox signaling pathways can provide a promising strategy in herbal-based anticancer effects. <b><i>Recent Advances:</i></b> Advanced development in highly sensitive mass spectrometry-based techniques has helped utilize ROS-triggered protein modifications in numerous cancers. Accumulating evidence has been achieved in laboratory to extensively ascertain the biological mechanism of herbal medicines targeting ROS in cancer therapy. Two general mechanisms underlining ROS-induced cell signaling include redox state and oxidative modification of target protein, indicating a new perspective to comprehend the intricate dialogues between herbal medicines and cancer cellular contexts. <b><i>Critical Issues:</i></b> Complex components of herbal medicines limit the benefits of herbal-based cancer therapies. In this review, we address that ROS-dependent PTMs add a layer of proteomic complexity to the cancer through altering the protein structure, expression, function, and localization. Elaborating ROS-triggered PTMs implicated in cell signaling, apoptosis, and transcriptional regulation function, and the possible cellular signaling, has provided important information about the contribution of many ROS targeting herbal therapies in anticancer effects. Continued optimization of proteomic strategies for PTM analysis in herbal medicines is also briefly discussed. <b><i>Future Directions:</i></b> Rigorous evaluations of herbal medicines and proteomic strategies are necessary to explore the aberrant regulation of ROS-triggered antioxidant and redox signaling contributing to the novel protein targets and herbal-associated pharmacological issues. These efforts will eventually help develop more herbal drugs as modern therapeutic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":8011,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants & redox signaling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141544476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Baicalin Attenuates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy <i>In Vivo</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> by Inhibiting Autophagy and Cell Death Through SENP1/SIRT3 Signaling Pathway Activation.","authors":"Peipei Zhang, Haowei Wu, Haifei Lou, Jiedong Zhou, Jinjin Hao, Hui Lin, Songqing Hu, Zuoquan Zhong, Juntao Yang, Hangyuan Guo, Jufang Chi","doi":"10.1089/ars.2023.0457","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ars.2023.0457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Aims:</i></b> Diabetic heart damage can lead to cardiomyocyte death, which endangers human health. Baicalin (BAI) is a bioactive compound that plays an important role in cardiovascular diseases. Sentrin/SUMO-specific protease 1 (<i>SENP1</i>) regulates the de-small ubiquitin-like modifier (deSUMOylation) process of Sirtuin 3 (<i>SIRT3</i>) and plays a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial mass and preventing cell injury. Our hypothesis is that BAI regulates the deSUMOylation level of <i>SIRT3</i> through <i>SENP1</i> to enhance mitochondrial quality control and prevent cell death, ultimately improving diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). <b><i>Results:</i></b> The protein expression of <i>SENP1</i> decreased in cardiomyocytes induced by high glucose and in db/db mice. The cardioprotective effects of BAI were eliminated by silencing endogenous <i>SENP1</i>, whereas overexpression of <i>SENP1</i> showed similar cardioprotective effects to those of BAI. Furthermore, co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that BAI's cardioprotective effect was due to the inhibition of the SUMOylation modification level of <i>SIRT3</i> by <i>SENP1</i>. Inhibition of <i>SENP1</i> expression resulted in an increase in SUMOylation of <i>SIRT3</i>. This led to increased acetylation of mitochondrial protein, accumulation of reactive oxygen species, impaired autophagy, impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and increased cell death. None of these changes could be reversed by BAI. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> BAI improves DCM by promoting <i>SIRT3</i> deSUMOylation through <i>SENP1</i>, restoring mitochondrial stability, and preventing the cell death of cardiomyocytes. <b><i>Innovation:</i></b> This study proposes for the first time that <i>SIRT3</i> SUMOylation modification is involved in the development of DCM and provides <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> data support that BAI inhibits cardiomyocyte ferroptosis and apoptosis in DCM through <i>SENP1</i>. [Figure: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":8011,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants & redox signaling","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mangala Hegde, Sosmitha Girisa, Thulasidharan Nair Devanarayanan, Mohammed S Alqahtani, Mohamed Abbas, Gautam Sethi, Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
{"title":"Network of Extracellular Traps in the Pathogenesis of Sterile Chronic Inflammatory Diseases: Role of Oxidative Stress and Potential Clinical Applications.","authors":"Mangala Hegde, Sosmitha Girisa, Thulasidharan Nair Devanarayanan, Mohammed S Alqahtani, Mohamed Abbas, Gautam Sethi, Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara","doi":"10.1089/ars.2023.0329","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ars.2023.0329","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8011,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants & redox signaling","volume":" ","pages":"396-427"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41103256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charanjit Kaur, Sanjeev Kumar Sahu, Keshav Bansal, Lindsay K DeLiberto, Jie Zhang, Devesh Tewari, Anupam Bishayee
{"title":"Targeting Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-β/δ, Reactive Oxygen Species and Redox Signaling with Phytocompounds for Cancer Therapy.","authors":"Charanjit Kaur, Sanjeev Kumar Sahu, Keshav Bansal, Lindsay K DeLiberto, Jie Zhang, Devesh Tewari, Anupam Bishayee","doi":"10.1089/ars.2023.0442","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ars.2023.0442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Significance:</i></b> Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have a moderately preserved amino-terminal domain, an extremely preserved DNA-binding domain, an integral hinge region, and a distinct ligand-binding domain that are frequently encountered with the other nuclear receptors. PPAR-β/δ is among the three nuclear receptor superfamily members in the PPAR group. <b><i>Recent Advances:</i></b> Emerging studies provide an insight on natural compounds that have gained increasing attention as potential anticancer agents due to their ability to target multiple pathways involved in cancer development and progression. <b><i>Critical Issues:</i></b> Modulation of PPAR-β/δ activity has been suggested as a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer management. This review focuses on the ability of bioactive phytocompounds to impact reactive oxygen species (ROS) and redox signaling by targeting PPAR-β/δ for cancer therapy. The rise of ROS in cancer cells may play an important part in the initiation and progression of cancer. However, excessive levels of ROS stress can also be toxic to the cells and cancer cells with increased oxidative stress are likely to be more vulnerable to damage by further ROS insults induced by exogenous agents, such as phytocompounds and therapeutic agents. Therefore, redox modulation is a way to selectively kill cancer cells without causing significant toxicity to normal cells. However, use of antioxidants together with cancer drugs may risk the effect of treatment as both act through opposite mechanisms. <b><i>Future Directions:</i></b> It is advisable to employ more thorough and detailed methodologies to undertake mechanistic explorations of numerous phytocompounds. Moreover, conducting additional clinical studies is recommended to establish optimal dosages, efficacy, and the impact of different phytochemicals on PPAR-β/δ.</p>","PeriodicalId":8011,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants & redox signaling","volume":" ","pages":"342-395"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139650182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiajun Wu, Weitao Han, Yangyang Zhang, Shuangxing Li, Tianyu Qin, Zhengqi Huang, Chao Zhang, Ming Shi, Yuliang Wu, Wanli Zheng, Bo Gao, Kang Xu, Wei Ye
{"title":"Glutamine Mitigates Oxidative Stress-Induced Matrix Degradation, Ferroptosis, and Pyroptosis in Nucleus Pulposus Cells via Deubiquitinating and Stabilizing Nrf2.","authors":"Jiajun Wu, Weitao Han, Yangyang Zhang, Shuangxing Li, Tianyu Qin, Zhengqi Huang, Chao Zhang, Ming Shi, Yuliang Wu, Wanli Zheng, Bo Gao, Kang Xu, Wei Ye","doi":"10.1089/ars.2023.0384","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ars.2023.0384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Aims:</i></b> Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is closely related to low back pain, which is a prevalent age-related problem worldwide; however, the mechanism underlying IDD is unknown. Glutamine, a free amino acid prevalent in plasma, is recognized for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in various diseases, and the current study aims to clarify the effect and mechanism of glutamine in IDD. <b><i>Results:</i></b> A synergistic interplay was observed between pyroptosis and ferroptosis within degenerated human disc specimens. Glutamine significantly mitigated IDD in both <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i> experimental models. Moreover, glutamine protected nucleus pulposus (NP) cells after tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-induced pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation <i>in vitro</i>. Glutamine protected NP cells from TBHP-induced ferroptosis by promoting the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) accumulation by inhibiting its ubiquitin-proteasome degradation and inhibiting lipid oxidation. <b><i>Innovation and Conclusions:</i></b> A direct correlation is evident in the progression of IDD between the processes of pyroptosis and ferroptosis. Glutamine suppressed oxidative stress-induced cellular processes, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and ECM degradation through deubiquitinating Nrf2 and inhibiting lipid oxidation in NP cells. Glutamine is a promising novel therapeutic target for the management of IDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":8011,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants & redox signaling","volume":" ","pages":"278-295"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140179236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shannon P Smyth, Brett Nixon, David A Skerrett-Byrne, Nathan D Burke, Elizabeth G Bromfield
{"title":"Building an Understanding of Proteostasis in Reproductive Cells: The Impact of Reactive Carbonyl Species on Protein Fate.","authors":"Shannon P Smyth, Brett Nixon, David A Skerrett-Byrne, Nathan D Burke, Elizabeth G Bromfield","doi":"10.1089/ars.2023.0314","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ars.2023.0314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Significance:</i></b> Stringent regulation of protein homeostasis pathways, under both physiological and pathological conditions, is necessary for the maintenance of proteome fidelity and optimal cell functioning. However, when challenged by endogenous or exogenous stressors, these proteostasis pathways can become dysregulated with detrimental consequences for protein fate, cell survival, and overall organism health. Most notably, there are numerous somatic pathologies associated with a loss of proteostatic regulation, including neurodegenerative disorders, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. <b><i>Recent Advances:</i></b> Lipid oxidation-derived reactive carbonyl species (RCS), such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) and malondialdehyde, are relatively underappreciated purveyors of proteostatic dysregulation, which elicit their effects <i>via</i> the nonenzymatic post-translational modification of proteins. Emerging evidence suggests that a subset of germline proteins can serve as substrates for 4HNE modification. Among these, prevalent targets include succinate dehydrogenase, heat shock protein A2 and A-kinase anchor protein 4, all of which are intrinsically associated with fertility. <b><i>Critical Issues:</i></b> Despite growing knowledge in this field, the RCS adductomes of spermatozoa and oocytes are yet to be comprehensively investigated. Furthermore, the manner by which RCS-mediated adduction impacts protein fate and drives cellular responses, such as protein aggregation, requires further examination in the germline. Given that RCS-protein adduction has been attributed a role in infertility, there has been sparked research investment into strategies to prevent lipid peroxidation in germ cells. <b><i>Future Directions:</i></b> An increased depth of knowledge regarding the mechanisms and substrates of RCS-mediated protein modification in reproductive cells may reveal important targets for the development of novel therapies to improve fertility and pregnancy outcomes for future generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8011,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants & redox signaling","volume":" ","pages":"296-321"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138797191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Thrombosis and Aging: Fibrin Clot Properties and Oxidative Stress.","authors":"Małgorzata Konieczyńska, Joanna Natorska, Anetta Undas","doi":"10.1089/ars.2023.0365","DOIUrl":"10.1089/ars.2023.0365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Significance:</i></b> Aging is a complex process associated with an increased risk of many diseases, including thrombosis. This review summarizes age-related prothrombotic mechanisms in clinical settings of thromboembolism, focusing on the role of fibrin structure and function modified by oxidative stress. <b><i>Recent Advances:</i></b> Aging affects blood coagulation and fibrinolysis <i>via</i> multiple mechanisms, including enhanced oxidative stress, with an imbalance in the oxidant/antioxidant mechanisms, leading to loss of function and accumulation of oxidized proteins, including fibrinogen. Age-related prothrombotic alterations are multifactorial involving enhanced platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and changes in coagulation factors and inhibitors. Formation of more compact fibrin clot networks displaying impaired susceptibility to fibrinolysis represents a novel mechanism, which might contribute to atherothrombosis and venous thrombosis. Alterations to fibrin clot structure/function are at least in part modulated by post-translational modifications of fibrinogen and other proteins involved in thrombus formation, with a major impact of carbonylation. Fibrin clot properties are also involved in the efficacy and safety of therapy with oral anticoagulants, statins, and/or aspirin. <b><i>Critical Issues:</i></b> Since a prothrombotic state is observed in very elderly individuals free of diseases associated with thromboembolism, the actual role of activated blood coagulation in health remains elusive. It is unclear to what extent oxidative modifications of coagulation and fibrinolytic proteins, in particular fibrinogen, contribute to a prothrombotic state in healthy aging. <b><i>Future Directions:</i></b> Ongoing studies will show whether novel therapies that may alter oxidative stress and fibrin characteristics are beneficial to prevent atherosclerosis and thromboembolic events associated with aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":8011,"journal":{"name":"Antioxidants & redox signaling","volume":" ","pages":"233-254"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138797277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}